J/A+A/697/A139ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/697/A139doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-ns/lbdjCDSDux F.Millon M.Galan A.Paic E.Lemon C.Courbin F.Bonvin V.,Anguita T.Auger M.Birrer S.Buckley-Geer E.Fassnacht C.D.,Frieman J.McMahon R.G.Marshall P.J.Melo A.Motta V.Neira F.,Sluse D.Suyu S.H.Treu T.Agnello A.Avila F.Chan J.Chijani M.,Rojas K.Hempel A.Hempel M.Kim S.Eigenthaler P.Lachaume R.,Rabus M.2026-07-03T06:37:00Z2025-05-14T12:20:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsgravitational-lensingphotometryvisible-astronomyWe present new time delays, the main ingredient of time delay cosmography, for 22 lensed quasars resulting from high-cadence r-band monitoring on the 2.6m ESO VLT Survey Telescope and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2.2m telescope. Each lensed quasar was typically monitored for one to four seasons, often shared between the two telescopes to mitigate the interruptions forced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of targets consists of 19 quadruply and 3 doubly imaged quasars, which received a total of 1918 hours on-sky time split in 21581 wide-field frames, each of 320 seconds. In a given field, the 5-{sigma} depth of the combined exposures typically reaches the 27th magnitude, while that of single visits is 24.5mag - similar to the expected depth of the upcoming Vera-Rubin LSST. The fluxes of the different lensed images of the targets were reliably de-blended, providing not only light curves with photometric precision down to the photon noise limit, but also high resolution models of the targets whose features and astrometry were systematically confirmed in Hubble Space Telescope imaging. This was made possible thanks to a new photometric pipeline, lightcurver, and the forward modelling method STARRED. Finally, the time delays between pairs of curves and their uncertainties were estimated taking into account the degeneracy due to microlensing, and for the first time the full covariance matrices of the delay pairs are provided. Of note, this survey, with 13 square degrees, has applications beyond that of time delays, such as the study of the structure function of the multiple high-redshift quasars present in the footprint at a new high both in terms of depth and frequency. The reduced images will be available through the European Southern Observatory Science Portal.2025A&A...697A.139Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/697/A139CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/488/481 : Time delays and H0 from WFI J2033-4723 (Vuissoz+, 2008)J/A+A/536/A53 : R-band light curves of HE 0435-1223 (Courbin+, 2011)J/A+A/553/A121 : 2 lensed quasars light curves (Eulaers+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A22 : R-band light curves of RX J1131-1231 (Tewes+, 2013)J/A+A/557/A44 : Doubly lensed quasar SDSS J1001+5027 (Rathna Kumar+, 2013)J/MNRAS/465/4914 : R-band light curves of HE 0435-1223 (Bonvin+, 2017)J/A+A/609/A71 : R-band light curves of DES J0408-5359 (Courbin+, 2018)J/A+A/616/A183 : R-band light curves of PG 1115+080 (Bonvin+, 2018)J/A+A/629/A97 : R-band light curves of WFI2033-4723 (Bonvin+, 2019)J/A+A/640/A105 : R-band light curves of 23 lensed QSOs (Millon+, 2020)J/A+A/642/A193 : Rc-band light curves of 6 lensed QSOs (Millon+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/697/A139https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/697/A139http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/697/A139https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/697/A139https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/697/A139http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/697/A139GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/697/A139/targets (Target list)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A139/targets?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A139/targets?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A139/targets?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.4208-38.24050.0055555555555555566/4124 16738 16866 20725 21972 23882 24950 27318 34397 35511 36412 36427 36620 38197 39586 44118 44354 46076 46718 47434 47467 47473https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/697/A139?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/697/A139/targetsTarget listrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the lensed quasarmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainLCShow the light curvesmeta.ref.urlcharFileNameName of the light curve file in subdirectory lcmeta.id;meta.filecharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullable