J/A+A/697/A11ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/697/A11doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-ns/lbbCDSCuillandre J.-C.Bolzonella M.Boselli A.Marleau F.R.Mondelin M.,Sorce J.G.Stone C.Buitrago F.Cantiello M.George K.Hatch N.A.,Quilley L.Mannucci F.Saifollahi T.Sanchez-Janssen R.Tarsitano F.,Tortora C.Xu X.Bouy H.Gwyn S.Kluge M.Lancon A.Laureijs R.,Schirmer M.AbdurroufAwad P.Baes M.Bournaud F.Carollo D.,Codis S.Conselice C.J.De Lapparent V.Duc P.-A.Ferre-Mateu A.,Gillard W.Golden-Marx J.B.Jablonka P.Habas R.Hunt L.K.Mei S.,Miville-Deschenes M.-A.Montes M.Nersesian A.Peletier R.F.Poulain M.,Scaramella R.Scialpi M.Sola E.Stephan J.Ulivi L.Urbano M.,Zoeller R.Aghanim N.Altieri B.Amara A.Andreon S.Auricchio N.,Baldi M.Balestra A.Bardelli S.Bender R.Bodendorf C.Bonino D.,Branchini E.Brescia M.Brinchmann J.Camera S.Capobianco V.,Carbone C.Carretero J.Casas S.Castander F.J.Castellano M.,Cavuoti S.Cimatti A.Congedo G.Conversi L.Copin Y.Courbin F.,Courtois H.M.Cropper M.Da Silva A.Degaudenzi H.Di Giorgio A.M.,Dinis J.Douspis M.Dubath F.Duncan C.A.J.Dupac X.Dusini S.,Farina M.Farrens S.Ferriol S.Fotopoulou S.Frailis M.Franceschi E.,Galeotta S.Gillis B.Giocoli C.Gomez-Alvarez P.Grazian A.Grupp F.,Guzzo L.Haugan S.V.H.Hoar J.Hoekstra H.Holmes W.Hook I.,Hormuth F.Hornstrup A.Hudelot P.Jahnke K.Jhabvala M.Keihaenen E.,Kermiche S.Kiessling A.Kilbinger M.Kitching T.Kohley R.Kubik B.,Kuijken K.Kuemmel M.Kunz M.Kurki-Suonio H.Lahav O.Le Mignant D.,Ligori S.Lilje P.B.Lindholm V.Lloro I.Maino D.Maiorano E.,Mansutti O.Marggraf O.Markovic K.Martinet N.Marulli F.Massey R.,Maurogordato S.McCracken H.J.Medinaceli E.Melchior M.Mellier Y.,Meneghetti M.Merlin E.Meylan G.Mohr J.J.Moresco M.Moscardini L.,Nakajima R.Nichol R.C.Niemi S.-M.Padilla C.Paltani S.Pasian F.,Pedersen K.Percival W.J.Pettorino V.Pires S.Polenta G.Poncet M.,Popa L.A.Pozzetti L.Raison F.Renzi A.Rhodes J.Riccio G.,Romelli E.Roncarelli M.Saglia R.Sapone D.Schneider P.,Schrabback T.Secroun A.Seidel G.Serrano S.Sirignano C.Sirri G.,Skottfelt J.Stanco L.Tallada-Crespi P.Taylor A.N.Teplitz H.I.,Tereno I.Toledo-Moreo R.Tutusaus I.Valentijn E.A.Valenziano L.,Vassallo T.Verdoes Kleijn G.Wang Y.Weller J.Zucca E.Biviano A.,Burigana C.Castignani G.De Lucia G.Scottez V.Mora A.Simon P.,Martin-Fleitas J.Scott D.2026-07-03T06:36:58Z2025-04-30T13:42:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersgalaxiesphotometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyredshiftedgalaxy-classification-systemsThe Euclid Early Release Observations (ERO) programme targeted the Perseus cluster of galaxies, gathering deep data in the central region of the cluster over 0.7deg^2^, corresponding to approximately 0.25r_200_. The data set reaches a point-source depth of I_E_=28.0 (Y_E_,J_E_,H_E_=25.3) AB magnitudes at 5{sigma} with a 0.16" (0.48") full width at half maximum (FWHM), and a surface brightness limit of 30.1 (29.2)mag/arcsec^2^. The exceptional depth and spatial resolution of this wide-field multi-band data enable the simultaneous detection and characterisation of both bright and low surface brightness galaxies, along with their globular cluster systems, from the optical to the NIR. This study advances beyond previous analyses of the cluster and enables a range of scientific investigations summarised here. We derive the luminosity and stellar mass functions (LF and SMF) of the Perseus cluster in the Euclid I_E_ band, thanks to supplementary u, g, r, i, z, and {alpha} data from the CFHT. We adopt a catalogue of 1100 dwarf galaxies, detailed in the corresponding ERO paper, which includes their photometric and structural properties. We identify all other sources in the Euclid images and obtain accurate photometric measurements using AutoProf or AstroPhot for 138 bright cluster galaxies, and SourceExtractor for half a million compact sources. Cluster membership for the bright sample is determined by calculating photometric redshifts with Phosphoros. Our LF and SMF are the deepest recorded for the Perseus cluster, highlighting the groundbreaking capabilities of the Euclid telescope. Both the LF and SMF fit a Schechter plus Gaussian model. The LF features a dip at M(I_E_)~=-19 and a faint-end slope of {alpha}_m_~=-1.2 to -1.3. The SMF displays a low-mass-end slope of {alpha}_S_~=-1.2 to -1.35. These observed slopes are flatter than those predicted for dark matter halos in cosmological simulations, offering significant insights for models of galaxy formation and evolution.2025A&A...697A..11Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/697/A11CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/697/A11https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/697/A11http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/697/A11https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/697/A11https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/697/A11http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/697/A11GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/697/A11/tablec34 (Primary data and associated errors from VIS photometry for the entire of bright galaxies candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec34?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec34?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec34?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true49.1146841.6270420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/697/A11/tablec5 (Redshift and extinction corrections for the entire bright galaxies candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true49.1146841.6270420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/697/A11/tablec67 (Magnitudes and associated errors within 1 effective radius in VIS and NISP bands for the entire bright galaxies candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec67?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec67?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec67?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true49.1146841.6270420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/697/A11/tablec89 (Magnitudes and associated errors using VIS photometry to constrain NISP photometry for the entire bright galaxies candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec89?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec89?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/697/A11/tablec89?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true49.1146841.6270420.0055555555555555566/1700-1702https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/697/A11?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/697/A11/tablec34Primary data and associated errors from VIS photometry for the entire of bright galaxies candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[0/136] Sequential numbermeta.idintIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainxpix? x-coordinatepixpos.cartesian.x;instr.detdoublenullablee_xpix? Error on x-coordinatepixstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableypix? y-coordinatepixpos.cartesian.y;instr.detdoublenullablee_ypix? Error on y-coordinatepixstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullableIEmagApparent magnitude in VIS bandmagphot.mag;em.optfloate_IEmagError on Apparent magnitude in VIS bandmagstat.error;phot.magfloatIEMAGAbsolute magnitude in VIS bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_IEMAGError on Absolute magnitude in VIS bandmagstat.errorfloatRepixEffective radius in pixelpixphys.angSize;instr.pixelfloate_RepixError on Effective radiuspixstat.errorfloatRearcsecEffective radius in arcsecarcsecphys.angSizefloate_RearcsecError on Effective radiusarcsecstat.errorfloatRekpcEffective radius in kpckpcphys.size.radiusfloate_RekpcError on Effective radiuskpcstat.errorfloatnSersic indexstat.fit.paramfloate_nError on Sersic indexstat.errorfloatb/aAxis ratiophys.angSize;arith.ratiofloate_b/aError on Axis ratiostat.errorfloatPAPosition angledegpos.posAngfloate_PAError on Position angledegstat.errorfloatmuIE0GDCentral surface brightness (Graham and Driver)mag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloate_muIE0GDError on Central surface brightness (Graham and Driver)mag.arcsec**-2stat.errorfloatmuIEeGDSurface brightness at effective radius (Graham and Driver)mag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloate_muIEeGDError on Surface brightness at effective radius (Graham and Driver)mag.arcsec**-2stat.errorfloatmeanmuIEeGDAverage surface brightness at effective radius (Graham and Driver)mag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloate_meanmuIEeGDError on Average surface brightness at effective radius (Graham and Driver)mag.arcsec**-2stat.errorfloatmuIE0Central surface brightnessmag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloate_muIE0Error on Central surface brightnessmag.arcsec**-2stat.errorfloatmuIEeSurface brightness at effective radiusmag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloate_muIEeError on Surface brightness at effective radiusmag.arcsec**-2stat.errorfloatmeanmuIEeAverage surface brightness at effectivemag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloate_meanmuIEeError on Average surface brightness at effective radiusmag.arcsec**-2stat.errorfloatJ/A+A/697/A11/tablec5Redshift and extinction corrections for the entire bright galaxies candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[0/136] Sequential numbermeta.idintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzsp? Spectroscopic redshift from literaturesrc.redshiftdoublenullablee_zsp? Error on spectroscopic redshiftstat.errordoublenullablezph? SDSS or NED Photometric redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublenullablee_zph? Error on photometric redshiftstat.errordoublenullableFlagtoolTool indicator (AP for AutoProf, APh for AstroPhot)meta.code.errorcharEC-IEVIS extinction correction, E(B-V) to be used for all VIS magnitudesmagphot.color.excessdoublee_EC-IEError on NISP-I extinction correctionmagstat.errordoubleEC-YENISP-Y extinction correction, E(B-V) to be used for all NISP-Y magnitudesmagphot.color.excessdoublee_EC-YEError on NISP-Y extinction correctionmagstat.errordoubleEC-JENISP-J extinction correction, E(B-V) to be used for all NISP-J magnitudesmagphot.color.excessdoublee_EC-JEError on NISP-J extinction correctionmagstat.errordoubleEC-HENISP-H extinction correction, E(B-V) to be used for all NISP-H magnitudesmagphot.color.excessdoublee_EC-HEError on NISP-H extinction correctionmagstat.errordoubleIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharJ/A+A/697/A11/tablec67Magnitudes and associated errors within 1 effective radius in VIS and NISP bands for the entire bright galaxies candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[0/136] Sequentiql numbermeta.idintIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainIEmag1ReApparent magnitude in VIS band within 1 effective radiusmagphot.mag;em.optfloate_IEmag1ReError on Apparent magnitude in VIS band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errorfloatIEMAG1ReAbsolute magnitude in VIS band within 1 effective radiusmagphys.magAbsdoublee_IEMAG1ReError on Absolute magnitude in VIS band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errorfloatYEmag1ReApparent magnitude in NISP-Y band within 1 effective radiusmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublee_YEmag1ReError on Apparent magnitude in NISP-Y band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errordoubleYEMAG1ReAbsolute magnitude in NISP-Y band within 1 effective radiusmagphys.magAbsdoublee_YEMAG1ReError on Absolute magnitude in NISP-Y band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errorfloatJEmag1ReApparent magnitude in NISP-J band within 1 effective radiusmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublee_JEmag1ReError on Apparent magnitude in NISP-J band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errordoubleJEMAG1ReAbsolute magnitude in NISP-J band within 1 effective radiusmagphys.magAbsdoublee_JEMAG1ReError on Absolute magnitude in NISP-J band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errorfloatHEmag1ReApparent magnitude in NISP-H band within 1 effective radiusmagphot.mag;em.IR.Hdoublee_HEmag1ReError on Apparent magnitude in NISP-H band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errordoubleHEMAG1ReAbsolute magnitude in NISP-H band within 1 effective radiusmagphys.magAbsdoublee_HEMAG1ReError on Absolute magnitude in NISP-H band within 1 effective radiusmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/697/A11/tablec89Magnitudes and associated errors using VIS photometry to constrain NISP photometry for the entire bright galaxies candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[0/136] Sequential numbermeta.idintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainIEmagApparent magnitude in VIS bandmagphot.mag;em.optfloate_IEmagError on Apparent magnitude in VIS bandmagstat.error;phot.magfloatIEMAGAbsolute magnitude in VIS bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_IEMAGError on Absolute magnitude in VIS bandmagstat.errorfloatYEmagApparent magnitude in NISP-Y bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublee_YEmagError on Apparent magnitude in NISP-Y bandmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleYEMAGAbsolute magnitude in NISP-Y bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_YEMAGError on Absolute magnitude in NISP-Y bandmagstat.error;phot.magfloatJEmagApparent magnitude in NISP-J bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublee_JEmagError on Apparent magnitude in NISP-J bandmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleJEMAGAbsolute magnitude in NISP-J bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_JEMAGError on Absolute magnitude in NISP-J bandmagstat.errorfloatHEmagApparent magnitude in NISP-H bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Hdoublee_HEmagError on Apparent magnitude in NISP-H bandmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleHEMAGAbsolute magnitude in NISP-H bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_HEMAGError on Absolute magnitude in NISP-H bandmagstat.errorfloatIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.mainchar