J/A+A/696/A210ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/696/A210doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-nr/lcbaCDSCaliskan S.Amarsi A.M.Racca M.Koutsouridou I.Barklem P.S.Lind K.,Salvadori S.2026-07-03T06:36:52Z2025-04-25T15:35:37ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fratomic-physicschemical-abundancesThe Galactic evolution of copper remains poorly understood, partly due to the strong departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) affecting CuI lines. A key source of uncertainty in non-LTE modelling is the treatment of inelastic Cu+H collisions. We present new rate coefficients based on a combined asymptotic LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbitals) and free electron model approach, which show significant differences from previous calculations. Applying these updated rates to non-LTE stellar modelling, we find reduced line-to-line scatter and improved consistency between metal-poor dwarfs and giants. Our non-LTE analysis reveals a strong upturn in the [Cu/Fe] trend towards lower [Fe/H]<-1.7. We show that this may reflect the interplay between external enrichment of Cu-rich material of the Milky Way halo at low metallicities, and metallicity-dependent Cu yields from rapidly rotating massive stars. This highlights the unique diagnostic potential of accurate Cu abundances for understanding both stellar and Galactic evolution.2025A&A...696A.210Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/696/A210CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/696/A210https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/696/A210http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/696/A210https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/696/A210https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/696/A210http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/696/A210GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/696/A210/abund (Line averaged [Cu/Fe] abundances)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/696/A210/abund?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/696/A210/abund?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/696/A210/abund?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true86.1329914-70.14357170.0055555555555555566/146 200 208 436 758 798 801 953 1053 1425 1614 2116 2194 2275 2594 2697 2839 4184 4376 4603 4714 5622 6159 6186 6681 7286 8235 8999 9505 9537 9652 9831 10313 11419 12404 12413 12424 12451 12546 12645 12759 12793 13162 13348 14059 16408 16511 16518 16533 16543 16639 16649 16652 16776 16841 16874 16883 16931 16935 16986 17035 17047 17097 17177 17187 17206 17209 17218 17245 17249 17266 17284 17332 17341 17358 17374 17419 17425 17435 17453 17496 17509 17529 17540 17587 17641 17657 17726 17730 17734 17744 17768 17782 17804 17944 17954 17970 18005 18053 18399 18548 18614-18615 18637 18711 18772 18785 18835 18963 19003 19072 19100 19108 19327 19347 19385 19466 19903-19904 19953 20143 20425 20492 20495 20522 20557 20582 20593 20621 20638 20712 20746 20772 21066 21080 21110 21117 21121 21194 21213 21326 21400 21412 21477 21484 21516 21550 21600 21715 21774 21779 21809 21838 21906 21926 21989 22036 22093 22118 22159 22579 22590 22608 22613 22619 22724 22746 22754 22760 22837 22909 23015 23066 23084 23096-23097 23123 23138 23177 23187 23201 23978 24442 24695 24718 24729 24759 24769 24775 24809 24824 24827 24876 24924-24925 24942 25078 25102 25225 25233 25241 25279 25349 25385 25424 25444 25512 25527 25538 25554 25567 25578 25584 25622 25636 25669 25756 25773 25826 25862 25889 25891 25906 25939 25981 26025 26126 26142 26242 26256 26292 26305 26626 26636 26652 26655 26680 26768 26780 26796 26812 26828 26888 26901 26906 26961 27018-27019 27030 27255 27323 27330 27659 27741 27826 27948 27975 28258 28265 28336 28459 28703 28719 28763-28764 28854 28874 28887 28894 28919 28961 29006 29146 29236 29238 29289 29349 29410 29490 29513 29515 29521 29598 29675 29688 29765 29833 29842 29900 29928 29974 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48361-48362 48394 48402 48490 48519 48545 48581 48583 48607 48664 48679 48705 48707 48719 48736 48821 48865 48870 48937 48943 48980 49028 49036 49042 49060 49097 49114 49128https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/696/A210?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/696/A210/abcorLine by line abundance correctionsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloat[Fe/H]Metallicityphys.abund.ZfloatVmicMicroturbulencekm/sphys.veloc.microTurbfloat[Cu/Fe]LTECu over Fe abundance (in LTE)phys.abundfloatLineWavelength of the linenmem.wl;spect.linefloatLCAO+FreeAbundance correction using LCAO+Free rate coefficientsphys.abundfloatJ/A+A/696/A210/abundLine averaged [Cu/Fe] abundancesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarName of starmeta.id;meta.maincharTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloat[Fe/H]Metallicityphys.abund.ZfloatVmicMicroturbulencekm/sphys.veloc.microTurbfloatPopStellar population (from the source paper)stat.paramcharRefReference of the source paper (1)meta.bibchar[Cu/Fe]LTECu over Fe abundance (in LTE)phys.abund.Fefloat[Cu/Fe]NLTECu over Fe abundance (in NLTE using LCAO+Free rate coefficients)phys.abund.Fefloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/A+A/696/A210/culcaostCopper states in asymptotic LCAO modelIState indexmeta.idintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLabelState configuration and termphys.atmol.configurationcharECu level energyeVphys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleJ/A+A/696/A210/culcaoraRate coefficients for copper from asymptotic LCAO modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintI1Initial state indexmeta.idintI2Final state indexmeta.idintTTemperatureKphys.temperatureintqRate coefficientcm**3.s**-1arith.ratedoubleJ/A+A/696/A210/cufreestCopper states in free electron modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIState indexmeta.idintLabelState configuration and termphys.atmol.configurationcharECu level energyeVphys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleJ/A+A/696/A210/cufreeraRate coefficients for copper from free electron modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintI1Initial state indexmeta.idintI2Final state indexmeta.idintTTemperatureKphys.temperatureintqRate coefficientcm**3.s**-1arith.ratedouble