J/A+A/695/A75ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/695/A75doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36950075CDSYe X.Wu W.Allende Prieto C.Aguado D.S.Zhao J.,Gonzalez Hernandez J.I.Rebolo R.Zhao G.Li Z.del Burgo C.Chen Y.2025-05-19T20:01:23Z2025-03-11T09:35:24ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyeffective-temperaturemetallicityvisible-astronomyGaia Bp/Rp spectrophotometry for over two hundred million stars has been publicly released as part of Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3). These data have great potential for mapping metallicity across the Milky Way. Several recent studies have analyzed this data set to derive atmospheric parameters and identify new metal-poor stars. In addition, systematics in the fluxes of the Bp/Rp spectra have also been identified and characterized. We aim to construct an alternative catalog of atmospheric parameters from Gaia Bp/Rp spectra by fitting them with synthetic spectra based on model atmospheres, and provide corrections to the Bp/Rp fluxes according to stellar colors, magnitudes, and interstellar extinction. We use GaiaXPy to obtain calibrated spectra and apply FERR to match the corrected Bp/Rp spectra with models and infer atmospheric parameters. We train a neural network (NN) using stars in the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) to predict flux corrections as a function of wavelength for each target. Based on the comparison with APOGEE parameters, we conclude that our estimated parameters have systematic errors and uncertainties in Teff, logg, and [M/H] about -38+/-167K, 0.05+/-0.40dex, and -0.12+/-0.19dex, respectively, for stars in the range 4000<=Teff<=7000K. The corrected Bp/Rp spectra show improved agreement with both models and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) CALSPEC data. Our correction increases the precision of the relative spectrophotometry of the Bp/Rp data from 3.2-3.7% to 1.2-2.4%. We also compare our results with other similar catalogs from the literature and validate them using star clusters. Finally, we have built a catalog of atmospheric parameters for stars within 4000<=Teff<=7000K, comprising 68394431 sources, along with a subset of 124 188 stars with [M/H]<=-2.5. Our catalogs and flux correction code are publicly available. Our results confirm that the Gaia Bp/Rp flux calibrated spectra show systematic patterns as a function of wavelength that are tightly related to colors, magnitudes, and extinction. Our optimization algorithm can give us accurate atmospheric parameters of stars with a clear and direct link to models of stellar atmospheres, and can be used to efficiently search for extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars.2025A&A...695A..75Yhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/695/A75CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A75https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A75http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A75https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A75https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A75http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A75GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/695/A75/catalog (General catalog containing atmospheric parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A75/catalog?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A75/catalog?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A75/catalog?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.556580860.8576150.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/695/A75/met-poor (Metal-poor subset of the general catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A75/met-poor?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A75/met-poor?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A75/met-poor?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true249.0929665148605-29.70883979518910.0055555555555555560/1-2 4 6 8 1/0 22 30 43-46 2/8-10 13 48-49 52-53 58-59 62-63 80 82 85 87 116-117 124 126-127 144 146 149 151-152 154 156-157 159-160 169-171 188-190 3/17 22-26 29 31 44-46 48 50 59 61-63 200-201 204-205 207 216-217 220-221 226-227 230 243 246-247 324 326-327 332-333 335 337 339 345 368 370 372-373 375-376 378-379 381 449 452-453 458-459 477 500 502-503 580 582 588 590 593 595 601 603 612 620 622 632-633 635 644-646 648 655-657 666-667 669-670 673-675 764-766 4/64 66 72 74-77 80 82-83 85-87 108 110 113 115 123 188 206-207 224 226 228-229 231 235 241-243 808-809 812-813 824-825 827 872-873 876-878 888-890 898-899 926-927 970-971 1300 1302-1303 1336 1338 1345-1347 1353-1354 1376 1378 1384 1386-1387 1389 1391 1476 1478 1484 1486 1497 1508-1510 1521 1523 1529 1532-1533 1535 1792-1793 1795 1817 1820-1821 1824 1826-1828 1830-1831 1842 1848 1850-1851 1854 1892-1893 1902 1904-1905 1907 2006-2007 2324 2326 2332 2371 2377 2379 2400-2401 2403 2409-2411 2456-2458 2461 2463 2485-2487 2492-2494 2536-2537 2539 2588-2590 2596-2597 2600 2607 2617-2619 2632-2633 2640-2642 2644-2645 2658-2659 2662-2663 2673-2675 2685 2691 3068-3069 5/260 270-271 293-295 312-314 317-319 324-326 337 339 436 438 444 448 450 482 485-488 491 756-758 760-762 766 784-786 792 794 816 821 823 900 909 920 928 935 961 963 3241 3244-3245 3256-3257 3260-3261 3304-3305 3307 3496-3497 3499-3502 3516-3517 3564-3565 3568 3570 3608 3610-3611 3614-3615 3659 3698-3699 3701-3703 3841 3869-3871 3874-3875 3877-3879 3914-3916 3918-3919 3922 3930-3931 3933-3935 5204-5206 5348-5349 5357-5359 5377 5379 5408 5410-5411 5420-5421 5423 5519 5540-5542 5552-5553 5555 5561-5563 5908 5910 5916 5918-5919 5940-5942 5948 5950 5985 5987 5996-5997 5999 6044-6046 6081 6088-6090 6112 6114 6120 6122-6123 6125-6127 6136-6137 6139 7176-7177 7179 7205 7216-7217 7220-7221 7264-7265 7289 7292-7293 7295 7302 7316 7318-7319 7362-7363 7374-7375 7386 7396 7398-7399 7410 7422-7423 7553 7556-7557 7581 7593-7595 7597-7599 7614-7615 7624-7625 7658-7659 7665 7668-7669 7671 8016 8018-8019 9300-9302 9308 9310-9311 9332 9336-9338 9424-9426 9432-9434 9456 9465-9466 9479 9481 9483 9505 9513 9515 9608-9609 9611 9633-9635 9808 9821 9823 9836-9838 9848 9851 9937 9939 9981-9982 10152-10153 10155 10364-10366 10392-10394 10396 10404-10406 10408-10410 10427 10432-10434 10436 10459 10461-10463 10467 10536-10537 10544-10546 10548 10572-10574 10584-10585 10588-10589 10603 10606-10607 10618-10619 10622-10623 10642-10643 10645-10647 10689-10691 10736-10738 10744 10746-10747 10749-10751 10759 10763 12280-12282 6/1044-1046 1048-1050 1053 1055 1072-1074 1077 1079 1169 1171 1260-1262 1264-1265 1267 1310-1311 1344-1345 1347 1353 1355 1748 1750 1758 1780 1784 1796-1798 1805 1826 1831 1932 1934-1935 1937-1939 1956-1957 1959-1960 1963 3036 3052 3054-3058 3068 3070 3148 3150 3159 3165 3167 3173-3174 3189 3191 3197-3199 3268 3272 3274-3275 3278-3279 3282 3290-3291 3604-3605 3608-3610 3613-3615 3632-3633 3635 3640 3642 3645-3647 3684-3686 3688 3690-3691 3693-3695 3721 3733 3737 3739 3754-3755 3757-3759 3840-3841 3843 3850-3851 12960-12961 12963 12984-12985 12989 13049 13052-13053 13224-13225 13227 13992 13994-13995 14012-14013 14015 14072-14073 14076-14077 14264-14265 14268-14269 14276-14278 14284 14286-14289 14291-14293 14295 14298-14299 14301 14303-14304 14306 14309-14311 14319-14322 14325 14333 14347 14351 14362 14438-14439 14455 14592 14596-14597 14613 14626 14633-14635 14650-14651 14654-14655 14657 14660-14661 14672-14673 14676 14698 14715 14784 14786 14801-14803 15361 15376 15378 15471 15488 15490-15491 15493-15495 15504 15506-15507 15620-15621 15647 15650 15653 15655 15668-15669 15671 15683 15695-15696 15701-15703 15709-15714 15719 15730-15731 20828 20830 21400-21401 21404-21405 21407 21424 21426-21427 21505-21506 21636-21638 21688-21689 21691 22032 22034 22036-22037 22039-22040 22042 22045-22047 22064 22066 22068-22069 22071 22074-22075 22174 22216-22218 22240 22242 23636-23638 23644-23645 23647 23668 23671 23772-23773 23798 23804 23806 23936-23937 23939 23945 23969 23972-23973 23975 23981 23992-23994 24188 24190-24191 24322 24328-24330 24333 24335 24364 24366 24454-24455 24460 24484-24486 24497 24499 24552-24553 24555 28712-28713 28715 28842-28844 28846 28906-28907 28910-28911 28922 29064-29065 29068-29069 29105 29108-29109 29111 29152-29153 29155 29161 29164-29165 29176-29177 29179 29201-29203 29206-29207 29212 29214-29215 29270-29271 29442 29488 29490-29491 29494-29495 29515 29525 29538 29564-29565 29567 29589-29591 29632 29636 29638 29644-29646 29649 29651-29652 29654 29682-29683 29686-29687 30208-30209 30211 30220 30232-30233 30236-30237 30239 30304-30305 30308-30309 30320-30321 30332-30333 30350-30351 30370-30371 30386-30387 30411 30414 30450 30504-30505 30509 30609 30612-30613 30648 30650-30651 30654-30657 30659 30668-30669 30680-30681 30683 30709 32070 32088 32090-32091 37212 37214 37236 37238-37239 37332-37334 37336-37338 37356 37358 37360 37708 37710 37740-37742 37746-37747 37750 37752-37753 37832 37834 37851 37858 37868-37869 37872-37874 37885 37888 37890 37909-37911 37913-37915 37921 37923 37931 38017 38019 38026 38029-38031 38051 38057-38059 38440-38441 38443 38529-38531 39240 39263 39289 39291 39356-39358 39367 39370-39371 39373-39375 39396-39397 39399 39754-39755 39920-39921 39933-39935 40616-40617 40619 41468-41470 41580-41582 41588-41589 41592 41628-41630 41644-41646 41648-41649 41664-41666 41694-41695 41705-41707 41741-41742 41748-41750 41752-41753 41756 41761 41790-41793 41796-41797 41808-41809 41831 41833-41835 41841-41843 41863 41866-41867 42152-42153 42156 42160-42162 42164-42165 42188-42189 42196-42198 42200 42300-42301 42344-42345 42348-42349 42351 42360 42365 42368 42409-42411 42417-42419 42423 42466 42470-42471 42482-42483 42507 42510-42511 42518 42525 42527 42567 42578-42579 42752 42754-42755 42956-42958 42980 42982 42992-42993 42995 43008-43009 43023 43031 43033-43035 43043 43045-43047 430511.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/695/A75?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/695/A75/catalogGeneral catalog containing atmospheric parametersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Name of each source, Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainTeffEffective temperature derived from the corrected Bp/Rp spectraKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleloggSurface gravity derived from the corrected Bp/Rp spectralog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloat[Fe/H]Metallicity derived from the corrected Bp/Rp spectraphys.abund.Zfloatlogchi2log_10_ of the reduced chi^2%stat.fit.chi2floatdfluxperPercentage of data points from {Delta}Flux~Flux_XP_-Flux_model_ exceeding +/-0.05%meta.numberdouble_RAPositions from Gaia DR3 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullableindexed_DEPositions from Gaia DR3 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableindexedJ/A+A/695/A75/met-poorMetal-poor subset of the general catalog_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Name of each source, Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainTeffEffective temperature derived from the corrected Bp/Rp spectraKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleloggSurface gravity derived from the corrected Bp/Rp spectralog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloat[Fe/H]Metallicity derived from the corrected Bp/Rp spectraphys.abund.Zfloatlogchi2log_10_ of the reduced chi^2^stat.fit.chi2floatdfluxperPercentage of data points from {Delta}Flux~Flux_XP_-Flux_model_ exceeding +/-0.05%meta.numberdoubleAVV-band extinction A_V_ calculated from the two-dimensional SFD dust map (Schlegel et al. 1998ApJ...500..525S, Schlafly & Finkbeiner 2011ApJ...737..103S)magphys.absorptiondoubleRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 from Gaia DR3degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 from Gaia DR3degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedpmRA? Proper motion in right ascension direction, pmRA*cos(DE) from Gaia DR3mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublenullablee_pmRA? Standard error of pmRA from Gaia DR3mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublenullablepmDE? Proper motion in declination direction from Gaia DR3mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublenullablee_pmDE? Standard error of pmDE from Gaia DR3mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublenullableplx? Parallax from Gaia DR3maspos.parallax.trigdoublenullablee_plx? Standard error of parallax from Gaia DR3masstat.error;pos.parallaxdoublenullableRV? Radial velocity from Gaia DR3km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_RV? Radial velocity error from Gaia DR3km/sstat.errordoublenullableGmagGaia G-band mean magnitude from Gaia DR3magphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RPGaia DR3 color BP-BP, phot_bp_mean_mag-phot_rp_mean_magmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rdouble