J/A+A/695/A281ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/695/A281doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-nq/lcibCDSBarkaoui K.Korth J.Gaidos E.Agol E.Parviainen H.Pozuelos F.J.,Palle E.Narita N.Grimm S.Brady M.Bean J.L.Morello G.,Rackham B.V.Burgasser A.J.Van Grootel V.Rojas-Ayala B.Seifahrt A.,Marfil E.Passegger V.M.Stalport M.Gillon M.Collins K.A.Shporer A.,Giacalone S.Yalcinkaya S.Ducrot E.Timmermans M.Triaud A.H.M.J.,de Wit J.Soubkiou A.Watkins C.N.Aganze C.Alonso R.Amado P.J.,Basant R.Bastuerk Oe.Benkhaldoun Z.Burdanov A.Calatayud-Borras Y.,Chouqar J.Conti D.M.Collins K.I.Davoudi F.Delrez L.Dressing C.D.,de Leon J.Devora-Pajares M.Demory B.O.Dransfield G.,Esparza-Borges E.Fernandez-Rodriguez G.Fukuda I.Fukui A.,Gallardo P.P.M.Garcia L.Garcia N.A.Ghachoui M.Geraldia-Gonzalez S.,Gomez Maqueo Chew Y.Gonzalez-Rodriguez J.Guenther M.N.Hayashi Y.,Horne K.Hooton M.J.Hsu C.C.Ikuta K.Isogai K.Jehin E.,Jenkins J.M.Kawauchi K.Kagetani T.Kawai Y.Kasper D.Kielkopf J.F.,Klagyivik P.Lacedelli G.Latham D.W.Libotte F.Luque R.,Livingston J.H.Mancini L.Massey B.Mori M.Munoz Torres S.Murgas F.,Niraula P.Orell-Miquel J.Rapetti D.Rebolo-Lopez R.Ricker G.,Papini R.Pedersen P.P.Pelaez-Torres A.Perez-Prieto J.A.,Poultourtzidis E.Rodriguez P.M.Queloz D.Savel A.B.Schanche N.,Sanchez-Benavente M.Sibbald L.Sefako R.Sohy S.Sota A.Schwarz R.P.,Seager S.Sebastian D.Southworth J.Stangret M.Stefansson G.,Stuermer J.Srdoc G.Thompson S.J.Terada Y.Vanderspek R.Wang G.,Watanabe N.Wilkin F.P.Winn J.Wells R.D.Ziegler C.,Zuniga-Fernandez S.2026-07-03T06:36:44Z2025-12-01T13:45:09ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsphotometryvisible-astronomyTOI-2015 is a known exoplanetary system around an M4 dwarf star, consisting of a transiting sub-Neptune planet in a 3.35-day orbital period, TOI-2015 b, accompanied by a non-transiting companion, TOI-2015 c. High-precision radial velocity measurements were taken with the MAROONX spectrograph, and high-precision photometric data were collected, primarily using the SPECULOOS, MUSCAT, TRAPPIST and LCOGT networks. We collected 63 transit light curves and 49 different transit epochs for TOI-2015 b. We re-characterize the target star by combining optical spectra obtained by the MAROON-X, Shane/KAST and IRTF/SpeX spectrographs, Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) and Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) analysis. The TOI-2015 host star is a K=10.3mag M4-type dwarf with a sub-solar metallicity of [e/H]=-0.31+/-0.16, and an effective temperature of Teff~=3200K. Our photodynamical analysis of the system strongly favors the 5:3 mean motion resonance and in this scenario the planet b (TOI-2015 b) has an orbital period of Pb=3.34 days, a mass of Mp=9.02^+0.32^_-0.36_M_{Earth}_, a radius of Rp=3.309^+0.013^_0.011_R_{Earth}_, resulting in a density of {rho}p=0.25+/-0.01{rho}_{Earth}_=1.40+/-0.06g/cm3, indicative of a Neptune-like composition. Its transits exhibit large (>1hr) timing variations indicative of an outer perturber in the system.We performed a global analysis of the high-resolution radial-velocity measurements, the photometric data, and the TTVs, and inferred that TOI-2015 hosts a second planet, TOI-2015 c, in a non-transiting configuration. Our analysis places it near a 5:3 resonance with an orbital period of Pc=5.583 days and a mass of Mp=8.91^+0.38^_-0.40_ M_{Earth}_. The dynamical configuration of TOI-2015 b and TOI- 2015 c can be used to constrain the system's planetary formation and migration history. Based on the mass-radius composition models, TOI-2015 b is a water-rich or rocky planet with a hydrogen-helium envelope. Moreover, TOI-2015 b has a high transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM=149), making it a favorable target for future transmission spectroscopic observations with JWST to constrain the atmospheric composition of the planet. Such observations would also help to break the degeneracies in theoretical models of the planet's interior structure.2025A&A...695A.281Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/695/A281CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/AJ/168/93 : Phot. follow-up of TOI-2015 + discovery of TOI-2015bhttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A281https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A281http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A281https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A281https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A281http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A281GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/695/A281/lcTOI-2015b light curves for 5:3 scenariorecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeUTC observation date, BJD (time)dtime.epoch;obsdoubleindexedFluxobsRelative flux (flux_obs)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxobsRelative flux error (flux_obs_err)stat.errordoubleFluxmodTransit fit model (flux_mod)phot.flux;meta.modelleddoubleb_FluxmodTransit fit model (low part) (flux_mod_low)stat.fit.param;meta.modelleddoubleB_FluxmodTransit fit model (upper part) (flux_mod_high)stat.fit.param;meta.modelleddoubleEpochEpoch (epoch)time.epochint