J/A+A/695/A211ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/695/A211doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36950211CDSPrudil Z.Kunder A.Beraldo e Silva L.Gough-Kelly S.Rejkuba M.,Anderson S.R.Debattista V.P.Gerhard O.Rich R.M.Nataf D.M.,Koch-Hansen A.J.Savino A.Dekany I.2025-05-21T20:02:38Z2025-03-21T10:19:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyvariable-starsphotometryabsolute-magnitudestellar-distanceRR Lyrae stars towards the Galactic bulge are used to investigate whether this old stellar population traces the Galactic bar. Although the bar is known to dominate the mass in the inner Galaxy, there is no consensus on whether the RR Lyrae star population, which constitutes some of the most ancient stars in the bulge and thus traces the earliest epochs of star formation, contributes to the barred bulge. We create new reddening maps and derive new extinction laws from visual to near-infrared passbands using improved RR Lyrae period- absolute magnitude-metallicity relations, thus enabling distance estimates for individual bulge RR~Lyrae variables. The extinction law is most uniform in R_IKs_ and R_JKs_ and the distances to individual RR Lyrae based on these colors are determined with an accuracy six and four percent, respectively. Using only the near-infrared passbands for distance estimation we inferred the distance to the Galactic center equal to d_JKs_^cen^=8217+/-1((stat)+/-528(sys)pc after geometrical correction. We show that variations in the extinction law toward the Galactic bulge can mimic a barred spatial distribution in the bulge RR Lyrae star population in visual passbands. This arises from a gradient in extinction differences along Galactic longitudes and latitudes, which can create the perception of the Galactic bar, particularly when using visual passband-based distances. A barred angle in the RR~Lyrae spatial distribution disappears when near- infrared passband-based distances are used, as well as when reddening law variations are incorporated in visual passband-based distances. The prominence of the bar, as traced by RR~Lyrae stars, depends on their metallicity, with metal-poor RR~Lyrae stars ([Fe/H]<-1.0dex) showing little to no tilt with respect to the bar. Metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-1.0dex) RR~Lyrae stars do show a barred/bulge signature in spatial properties derived using near-infrared distances, with an angle {iota}=18+/-5deg, consistent with previous bar measurements from the literature. This also hints at a younger age for this RR~Lyrae subgroup. The 5D kinematic analysis, primarily based on transverse velocities, indicates a rotational lag in RR Lyrae stars compared to red clump giants. Despite variations in the extinction law, our kinematic conclusions are robust across different distance estimation methods.2025A&A...695A.211Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/695/A211CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/AcA/69/321 : OGLE RR Lyrae stars in Galactic bulge & disk (Soszynski+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A211https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A211http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/695/A211https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A211https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A211http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/695/A211GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/695/A211/tablec1 (The bar/bulge traced by RRLs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A211/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A211/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/695/A211/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true256.28370833-32.943916670.0055555555555555562/112 3/456-457 663 4/1810-1811 1814 1816-1817 1820 1822 1833 1837 1840-1842 2645-2647 2676-2677 2986-2987 2990 5/7232 7234-7235 7237-7239 7248 7250 7262 7272-7274 7276-7277 7284-7286 7292-7294 7329 7341 7344-7346 7372-7374 7377-7379 7392-7393 10575 10605 10607 10693 10712-10714 10716-10717 10719 11937 11939 11943 11954 11958 11964 11966-11967 12008-12010 6/28932 28934-28935 29004 29006-29007 29040 29042-29043 29052 29054-29055 29100 29102 29113 29115-29117 29148 29150-29151 29180-29182 29312-29313 29325 29361 29388-29389 29408 29424-29425 29500 29505-29507 29520-29521 29530 29540 29576-29578 29580-29581 29584-29585 42293-42295 42297 42299 42311 42317 42319 42388-42389 42391 42397 42399 42780-42781 42807 42813 42815 42860-42862 42872-42873 42875 42901 42944-42945 42964-42965 47747 47753 47755 47810-47811 47820 47822-47823 47838 47860 47862-47863 48011 48014-48015 48044https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/695/A211?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/695/A211/tablec1The bar/bulge traced by RRLsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintOGLEIVOGLE-IV survey IDmeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedGaiaDR3Gaia source IDmeta.id[Fe/H]Photometric metallicityphys.abund.Zdoublee_[Fe/H]Uncertainty on photometric metallicitystat.error;phys.abund.FedoubleKsMAGAbsolute magnitude in Ks bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_KsMAGUncertainty on absolute magnitude in Ks bandmagstat.errordoubleJMAGAbsolute magnitude in J bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_JMAGUncertainty on absolute magnitude in Ks bandmagstat.errordoubleIMAGAbsolute magnitude in I bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_IMAGUncertainty on absolute magnitude in Ks bandmagstat.errordoubleVMAGAbsolute magnitude in V bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_VMAGUncertainty on absolute magnitude in Ks bandmagstat.errordoubleGMAGAbsolute magnitude in Gbp bandmagphys.magAbsdoublee_GMAGUncertainty on absolute magnitude in Ks bandmagstat.errordoubleE(J-K)? Color excess in J and Ks bandsmagphot.color.excessdoublenullablee_E(J-K)? Uncertainty on color excess in J and Ks bandsmagstat.errordoublenullableE(I-K)? Color excess in I and Ks bandsmagphot.color.excessdoublenullablee_E(I-K)? Uncertainty on color excess in I and Ks bandsmagstat.errordoublenullableE(V-I)? Color excess in V and I bandsmagphot.color.excessdoublenullablee_E(V-I)? Uncertainty on color excess in V and I bandsmagstat.errordoublenullableE(B-I)? Color excess in Gbp and I bandsmagphot.color.excessdoublenullablee_E(B-I)? Uncertainty on color excess in Gbp and I bandsmagstat.errordoublenullableDistDistancekpcpos.distancedoublee_Dist? Uncertainty on distancekpcstat.errordoublenullable