J/A+A/693/A289ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/693/A289doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36930289CDSVan der Swaelmen M.Merle T.Van Eck S.Jorissen A.Magrini L.,Randich S.Vallenari A.Zwitter T.Traven G.Viscasillas Vazquez C.,Bragaglia A.Casey A.Frasca A.Jimenez-Esteban F.Pancino E.,Worley C. C.Zaggia S.2025-03-03T20:01:30Z2025-01-24T09:48:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frspectroscopic-binary-starsradial-velocityThe Gaia-ESO survey (GES) is a large public spectroscopic survey that acquired spectra for more than 100000 stars across all major components of the Milky Way. In addition to atmospheric parameters and stellar abundances that have been derived in previous papers of this series, the GES spectra allow us to detect spectroscopic binaries with one (SB1), two (SB2), or more (SBn>=3) components. The present paper discusses the statistics of GES SBn>=2 after analysing 160727 GIRAFFE HR10 and HR21 spectra, amounting to 37565 unique Milky Way field targets. Cross-correlation functions (CCFs) have been re-computed thanks to a dozen spectral masks probing a range of effective temperatures (3900K<Teff<8000K), surface gravities (1.0<logg<4.7), and metallicities (-2.6<[Fe/H]<0.3). By optimising the mask choice for a given spectrum, the newly computed, so-called Nacre (NArrow CRoss-correlation Experiment) CCFs are narrower and allow more stellar components to be unblended than standard masks. The Doe (Detection Of Extrema) extremum-finding code then selects the individual components and provides their radial velocities. From the sample of HR10 and HR21 spectra corresponding to 37 565 objects, the present study leads to the detection of 322 SB2, ten SB3 (three of them being tentative), and two tentative SB4. In particular, compared to our previous study, the Nacre CCFs allowed us to multiply the number of SB2 candidates by =~1.5. The colour-magnitude diagram reveals, as expected, the shifted location of the SB2 main sequence. A comparison between the SB identified in Gaia DR3 and the ones detected in the present work was performed and the complementarity of the two censuses is discussed. An application to the mass-ratio determination is presented, and the mass-ratio distribution of the GES SB2 is discussed. When accounting for the SB2 detection rate, an SB2 frequency of =~1.4% is derived within the present stellar sample of mainly FGK-type stars. As primary outliers identified within the GES data, SBn spectra produce a wealth of information and useful constraints for the binary population synthesis studies.2025A&A...693A.289Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/693/A289CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/693/A289https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/693/A289http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/693/A289https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/693/A289https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/693/A289http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/693/A289GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/693/A289/tablea1 (Cross match of the SB2 and the Gaia DR3)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A289/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A289/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A289/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.0276528-1.03088580.0055555555555555566/16397 17188-17189 17302 17382 17405 17649 17651 17693 17725 17741 17810 17826 17966 18001 18003 18017 18621 18639 18645 18710 18724 18743 18834 18974 19027 19079 19104 19109 21594 21617 21746 21778 21784 21801 21850 21912 21923 21929 22099 22945 23123 23204 24589 24591 25010 25074 25247 25281 25326 25346 25445 25512 25536 25645 25756 25766 25827 26126 26735 27172-27173 31017 31236 31268 31273 33238 33253 33257 33278 33514 33618 33626 33633 33726 33746 33751 33813 33818 33834 33854 33894 33988 33995 34017 34033 34075 34078 34133 34320-34321 34334 34348-34349 34387 34469 34494 34513 34905 34907 34980 34982 35005 35025 35031 35051 35072 35117 35219 35234 35240 35344 35387 35414 35534 35537 36106 36795 38240 38252 38299 38316 38363 38366 38490 38684 38694 39091 39099 39102 39500 39594 40370 40392 40644 40666-40667 40683 40746 40818 40881 42309 42340 42525 42555 42604 42639 42648-42649 42654 42663 42668 42670 43245 43319 43377 43416-43417 43419 43512 43675 43692 43710 43712 43726 43730-43731 43776 43806 43809 44035 44077 44083 44392 44441 44507 44516 44648 44686 44708 44815 44819 44835 44863 44968 44970 44972 45029 45542 45556 45852 45865 45872 45924 45990 46037 46064 46090 46121 46144 46151 46225 46232 46243 46263 46274 46357 46368 46380 46418 46436 46608-46609 46617 46657 47344 47390 47646-47647 47661 47670 47683 47686 47720 47736 47751 47759 47763 47769 47780 47809 48596 48856 48911 49141 491511.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/693/A289?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/693/A289/tablea1Cross match of the SB2 and the Gaia DR3GmagGaia G magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatBP-RPGaia BP-RP colourmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatRUWE? RUWEstat.errorfloatnullableRV? Gaia radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullableCNAMEGaia-ESO CNAMEmeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGaiaDR3Gaia source IDmeta.idplx? Gaia parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigdoublenullablee_plx? Uncertainty on Gaia parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJ/A+A/693/A289/tableb1Velocity time series for the iDR5 SB2 sampleCNAMEGaia-ESO CNAMEmeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian datedtime.epochdoubleRV1Radial velocity of the primary componentkm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloate_RV1Uncertainty on the radial velocity of the primary componentkm/sstat.errorfloatRV2Radial velocity of the secondary componentkm/sspect.dopplerVelocfloate_RV2Uncertainty on the radial velocity of the secondary componentkm/sstat.errorfloatMode[A/M] Component assignation mode (1)meta.codecharSetupGIRAFFE setupinstr.setupcharbestMaskId[1/4] Best mask ID (2)meta.id;instrintNgoodNumber of good NACRE CCFsmeta.numberintK1Absolute average height of the first-component's CCF peakphys.veloc;src.orbitalfloatk1Normalised average heights of primary component's peakphys.veloc;src.orbitalfloats_k1Standard deviation around k_1stat.stdevfloatk2Normalised average heights of secondary component's peakphys.veloc;src.orbitalfloats_k2Standard deviation around k_2stat.stdevfloatH1Absolute height of first-component's CCF peak (measured in the best mask)phys.veloc;src.orbitalfloath1Normalised height of primary component's peak (measured in the best mask)phys.veloc;src.orbitalfloath2Normalised height of secondary component's peak (measured in the best mask)phys.veloc;src.orbitalfloatW1Width of primary component's peak (measured in the best mask)km/sspect.line.widthfloatW2Width of secondary component's peak (measured in the best mask)km/sspect.line.widthfloatJ/A+A/693/A289/tablec1Mass ratios of SB2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCNAMEGaia-ESO CNAMEmeta.id;meta.maincharqMass ratiophys.massfloate_qUncertainty on the mass ratiostat.errorfloatNepochNumber of epochsmeta.numberintFlagFlag "component one is primary"meta.code.errorchar