Binary and grouped open clusters J/A+A/693/A218 ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/693/A218 doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36930218 CDS Palma T. Coenda V. Baume G. Feinstein C. 2025-03-03T20:01:22Z 2025-01-17T08:57:10Z CDS support team CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France cds-question@unistra.fr milky-way-galaxy open-star-clusters Understanding the formation and evolution of star clusters in the Milky Way requires precise identification of clusters that form binary or multiple systems. Such systems offer valuable insight into the dynamical processes and interactions that influence cluster evolution. This study aims to detect and classify star clusters in the Milky Way that are part of double or multiple systems. Specifically, we seek to detect clusters that form gravitationally bound pairs or groups of clusters and distinguish between different types of interactions based on their physical properties and spatial distributions. We used an extensive star cluster database which includes 7167 clusters. By estimating the tidal forces acting on each cluster through the tidal factor and considering only close neighbours (within 50pc), we identified a total of 2170 star clusters forming part of double or multiple systems. Pairs were classified as binaries, capture pairs, or optical pairs based on proper motion distributions, cluster ages, and colour-magnitude diagrams. Our analysis identified 617 paired systems, and they were successfully classified using our scheme. Additionally, we found 261 groups of star clusters with three or more members, providing further evidence of the presence of multiple systems within the Milky Way that exhibit significant tidal interactions. The method we present provides an improved approach for identifying star clusters that share the same spatial volume and experience notable tidal interactions. 2025A&A...693A.218P https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/693/A218 Catalog Research IsServedBy TAP VizieR generic service IsServedBy Conesearch service related-to J/A+A/673/A114 : Improving the open cluster census. II. (Hunt+, 2023) J/A+A/686/A42 : Improving the open cluster census. III. (Hunt+, 2024) https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/693/A218 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/693/A218 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/693/A218 https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/693/A218 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/693/A218 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/693/A218 GET text/xml+votable https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap Cone search capability for table J/A+A/693/A218/table2 (Binary system candidates) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A218/table2? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A218/table2? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A218/table2? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 281.078 -4.93 0.005555555555555556 Cone search capability for table J/A+A/693/A218/table3 (Multiple system candidates) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A218/table3? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A218/table3? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/693/A218/table3? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 109.187 -46.68 0.005555555555555556 5/3578 3657 3660-3661 3672-3673 3917 3920 5204 5378 5561 5714 5995 7202 7273 7278 7380 7555 7564 9341 9504 9819 10152 10154 10399 10556 10594 10597 10609 10612-10613 10615 10756 6/263 284 340 377 463 487 816 862 881 908 1031 1050 1094 1114 1118 1168 1199 1277 1279 1287 1293 1296-1297 1299 1301-1302 1304 1310-1311 1317-1318 1323 1326 1329-1332 1334-1335 1337-1340 1345 1354 1386 1391 1394 1412 1415 1418 1424 1427 1429 1433 1445 1451 1457 1469 1482 1551 1560 1576 1582 1620 1630 1634 1652 1656-1657 1661 1752 1776 1781-1782 1789-1790 1794 1801 1804 1825 1831 1924 1930-1932 1935 1948 1970-1971 2807 2812 2933 2986 3003 3005 3025 3027 3032 3034 3036 3038 3050 3052 3055 3057 3059-3060 3063 3069 3136 3147 3153 3167 3169 3184 3186 3192 3230-3231 3236 3251 3256-3257 3267 3271 3277 3281-3283 3285 3289 3294 3297 3300-3302 3311-3312 3316 3323 3344 3369 3373 3469 3475-3476 3507 3584 3589 3593 3595-3597 3603-3605 3607-3608 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42598-42599 42601 42611 42618 42656 42686 42730 42768 42835 42983 42988 43002 43013 43015 43017 43019-43022 43028 43030 43032-43033 43038 43041 43043-43044 43048-43049 43062 43072 43096 43104 43142 43402 43444 43450 43460 43529 44307 44360 44378 44389 45114 45192 47207 47784 48122 49118 https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/693/A218?format=ascii default J/A+A/693/A218/table2 Binary system candidates Cluster Star cluster name meta.id;meta.main char Kind Object type estimated by HR24 (G1) src.class;meta.modelled char BCO Pair classification meta.code.class char PMcompat [false/true ] Compatibility in proper motions meta.code char Age50 ? Median age Myr time.age;stat.median double nullable MA/MB Mass ratio of the pair clusters src.morph.param float DeltaAge50 ? Median age difference of the pair clusters Myr time.age;stat.median double nullable recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int Pair Pair identification meta.id char HR24 HR24 internal ID (G1) meta.id int RAJ2000 Right ascension (J2000) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main DEJ2000 Declination (J2000) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main TF Tidal factor pc**2.solMass**-1 stat.fit.param float
J/A+A/693/A218/table3 Multiple system candidates recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int Group Pair identification meta.id char Cluster Star cluster name meta.id;meta.main char HR24 HR24 internal ID (G1) meta.id int RAJ2000 Right ascension (J2000) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main DEJ2000 Declination (J2000) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main Kind Object type estimated by HR24 (G1) src.class;meta.modelled char TF Tidal factor pc**2.solMass**-1 stat.fit.param float Age50 Median age Myr time.age;stat.median float Ref Previous references (2) meta.ref char Ncls Number of clusters in each group meta.number int