J/A+A/692/A175ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/692/A175doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36920175CDSGirardi M.Boschin W.Mercurio A.Nocerino N.Nonino M.Rosati P.,Biviano A.Demarco R.Grillo C.Sartoris B.Tozzi P.Vanzella E.2025-02-26T20:02:19Z2024-12-12T12:35:10ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersredshiftedspectroscopyvisible-astronomyThe study of substructure is an important step in determining how galaxy clusters form. We aim to gain new insights into the controversial dynamical status of MACS J0329-0211 (MACS0329), a massive cluster at z=0.4503, with a new analysis using a large sample of member galaxies as kinematic tracers. Our analysis is based on extensive spectroscopic data for more than 1700 galaxies obtained with the VIMOS and MUSE spectrographs at the Very Large Telescope (VLT), in combination with B and Rc Suprime-Cam photometry from the Subaru archive. According to our member selection procedure, we define a sample of 430 MACS0329 galaxies within 6 Mpc, corresponding to about 3 times the virial radius. We estimate the global velocity dispersion, sigmaV=841km/s, and present the velocity dispersion profile. We estimate a mass M200=9.2E+14 in units of solar masses, using 227 galaxies within R200=1.71Mpc, for which sigmaV200=1018km/s. The spatial distribution of the red galaxies traces a SE-NW elongated structure, without signs of a velocity gradient. This structure likely originates from the main phase of cluster assembly. The distribution of the blue galaxies is less concentrated, more rounded and shows signs of substructure, all characteristics indicating a recent infall of groups from the field. We detect two loose clumps of blue galaxies in the south and southwest at a distance about R200 from the cluster center. The strong spatial segregation among galaxy populations is not accompanied by kinematical difference. Thanks to our extensive catalog of spectroscopic redshift, we are able to study galaxy systems that are intervening along the line of sight. We can identify two foreground galaxy systems (GrG1 at z=0.31 and GrG2 at z=0.38) and one background system (GrG3 at z=0.47). We point out that the second brightest galaxy projected onto the MACS0329 core is in fact the dominant galaxy of the foreground group GrG2. MACS0329, GrG3 and two other systems detected using DESI DR9 photometric redshifts are close to each other, suggesting the presence of a large-scale structure. MACS0329 is close to a state of dynamical equilibrium, although surrounded by a very rich environment. We emphasize that the use of an extensive redshift survey is essential to avoid misinterpretation of structures projected along the line of sight.2024A&A...692A.175Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/692/A175CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/692/A175https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/692/A175http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/692/A175https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/692/A175https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/692/A175http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/692/A175GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/692/A175/table1 (Redshifts of 1712 galaxies)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/692/A175/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/692/A175/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/692/A175/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true52.35250389-2.288108060.0055555555555555566/23173 23175https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/692/A175?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/692/A175/table1Redshifts of 1712 galaxiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/1712] Running ID for galaxies (1)meta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000.0)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000.0)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzspecSpectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatRcmag? Suprime-cam Kron Rc-band AB magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableMember[0/1] Cluster membership (3)meta.code.memberintn_zspecOrigin of zspec (4)meta.notechar