J/A+A/691/A33ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/691/A33doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36910033CDSRamirez M.Pignata G.Forster F.Gonzalez-Gaitan S.Gutierrez C.P.,Ayala B.Cabrera-Vives G.Catelan M.Munoz Arancibia A.M.,Pineda-Garcia J.2025-08-11T20:01:56Z2025-05-05T13:57:04ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaeThe Vera C. Rubin Observatory is set to discover 1 million supernovae (SNe) within its first operational year. Given the impracticality of spectroscopic classification at such scales, it is mandatory to develop a reliable photometric classification framework. This paper introduces a novel method for creating spectral time series that can be used not only to generate synthetic light curves for photometric classification, but also in applications such as K-corrections and bolometric corrections. This approach is particularly valuable in the era of large astronomical surveys, where it can significantly enhance the analysis and understanding of an increasing number of SNe, even in the absence of extensive spectroscopic data. By employing interpolations based on optimal transport theory, starting from a spectroscopic sequence, we derive weighted average spectra with high cadence. The weights incorporate an uncertainty factor for penalizing interpolations between spectra that show significant epoch differences and lead to a poor match between the synthetic and observed photometry. Our analysis reveals that even with a phase difference of up to 40 days between pairs of spectra, optical transport can generate interpolated spectral time series that closely resemble the original ones. Synthetic photometry extracted from these spectral time series aligns well with observed photometry. The best results are achieved in the V band, with relative residuals of less than 10% for 87% and 84% of the data for type Ia and II, respectively. For the B, g, R, and r bands, the relative residuals are between 65% and 87% within the previously mentioned 10% threshold for both classes. The worse results correspond to the i and I bands, where, in the case of SN Ia, the values drop to 53% and 42%, respectively. We introduce a new method for constructing spectral time series for individual SNe starting from a sparse spectroscopic sequence, and demonstrate its capability to produce reliable light curves that can be used for photometric classification.2024A&A...691A..33Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/691/A33CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A33https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A33http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A33https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A33https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A33http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A33GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A33/tablec1 (SNe included in this work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A33/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A33/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A33/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true191.288-0.4590.0055555555555555566/611 928 1701 2142 2227 2254 2324 3516 4114 4401 4447 4490 4577 4684 4813 5004 5492 5502 5680 5715 5762 5975 6178 6549 6962 7369 7606 7743 8196 8667 8700 9136 9437 9560 10438 10583 10767 10991 11027 11064 11263 11434 11496 12455 13505 13907 15056 15548 15593 16612 16690 17340 17614 17741 17817-17818 18061 18325 18394 18398 18405 18735 18895 19051 19087 19227 19241 19283 19581 19614 19710 20014 20090 20140 20283 20875 21857 22751 22826 23013 23023 23294 24920 25333 25513 25599 25615 25742 25769 25889 25960 26117 26175 26563 26955 27348 27426 27491 27728 27738 27761 27907 27918 28035 28075 28089 28173 28249 28294 28453 28498 30044 31218 31230 31881 31945 32561 32569 32620 33228 34361 34531 34534 36377 36750 36785 36805 37299 39836 40267 40659 44660 44896 44915 48075 48665https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/691/A33?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/691/A33/tablec1SNe included in this workSNSN Namemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypesrc.classcharNspecNumber of spectrameta.numberintPhaselPhase Range, lower valuetime.phaseintPhaseuPhase Range, upper valuetime.phaseintPhotPhotometry datameta.id;photcharRefReferences in refs.dat filemeta.ref;meta.filechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/A+A/691/A33/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.noteintBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorcharComCommentsmeta.notechar