J/A+A/691/A298ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/691/A298doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bc-nk/lcjiCDSPlotnikova A.Spina L.Ratcliffe B.Casali G.Carraro G.2026-07-03T06:36:16Z2025-05-30T14:17:30ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxydwarf-starsg-starschemical-abundancesstellar-agesstellar-radiiradial-velocityIn this study we address whether the age-metallicity relation (AMR) deviates from the expected trend of metallicity increasing smoothly with age. We also show the presence (or absence) of two populations, as recently claimed using a relatively small dataset. Moreover, we studied the Milky Way thin disk's chemical evolution using solar twins, including the effect of radial migration and accretion events. In particular, we exploited high-resolution spectroscopy of a large sample of solar twins in tandem with an accurate age determination to investigate the Milky Way thin disk age-metallicity relationship. Additionally, we derived the stars' birth radius and studied the chemical evolution of the thin disk. We discovered that statistical and selection biases can lead to a misinterpretation of the observational data. An accurate accounting of all the uncertainties led us to detect no separation in the AMR into different populations for solar twins around the Sun (-0.3<[Fe/H]<0.3dex). This lead us to the conclusion that the thin disk was formed relatively smoothly. For the main scenario of the Milky Way thin disk formation, we suggest that the main mechanism for reaching today's chemical composition around the Sun is radial migration with the possible contribution of well-known accretion events such as Gaia-Enceladus/Sausage (GES) and Sagittarius (Sgr).2024A&A...691A.298Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/691/A298CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/639/A127 : Age-chemical-clocks-metallicity relations (Casali+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A298https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A298http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/691/A298https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A298https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A298http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/691/A298GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A298/harpss (Age, kinematical parameters and birth radii for the dataset from Casali et al., 2020A&A...639A.127C, Cat. J/A+A/639/A127)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A298/harpss?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A298/harpss?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A298/harpss?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true166.53149757.0312260640.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/691/A298/harpsn (Stellar parameters,s, age, kinematical parameters and birth radii for this paper dataset)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A298/harpsn?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A298/harpsn?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/691/A298/harpsn?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true273.885264245.209316860.0055555555555555566/23 108 185 222 270 279 336 340 359 376 398 413 513 548 710 890 944 1058 1275 1452 1827 2133 2497 3849 4128 4206 4302 4311 4313 4315 4398 4437 4495 4665 4723 4733 4866 5475 5498 5554 5587 5670 6171 6277 6696 7240 7649 7746 7934 8244 8286 8450 8792 8877 9483 9753 10517 10598 10812 10886 10899 10953 11186 11250 11270 11326 11535 11677 12312 12341 12498 12556 12559 12890 13733 14058 14412 14573 14759 14762 14818 15014 15030 15106 15112 15118 15122 15131 15140 15153 15174 15200 15876 16417 16432 16649 16652 16874 16930-16931 16995 17097 17144 17177 17187 17206 17218 17249 17266 17301 17341 17370 17374 17419 17447 17486 17507 17540 17564 17587 17657 17721 17726 17804 17806 17814 17944 17970 18035 18132 18209 18366 18373 18459 18548 18615 18772 18785 19003 19156 19160 19491 19629 19848 19877 19974 20020 20116 20145 20492 20495 20522 20586 20593 20621 20623 20633 20661 20712 20746 21066 21114 21121 21177 21254 21400 21484 21516 21550 21718 21784 21838 21906 22159 22351 22590 22654 22746 22764 23084 23097 23123 23177 23269 23342 23429 23479 23495 23497 23545 23575 23583 23636 23780 23873 24028 24223 24260 24312 24633 24695 24729 24769 24775 24876 25078 25132 25136 25225 25268 25279 25349 25423-25424 25433 25484 25527 25567 25578 25636 25648 25669 25689 25697 25756 25794-25795 25800 25820 25904 25966 26160 26242 26253 26298 26496 26547 26626 26647 26652 26679-26680 26768 26844 26888 26991 27018 27034 27130 27254-27255 27398 27661 27750 27780 28130 28719 28919 28961 28987 29045 29047 29236 29410 29422 29513 29564 29675 29730 29838 29900 30041 30123 30157 30233 30308 30378 30444 30450 30466 30526 30536 30720 30783 30848 30878 30894 30929 31027 31029 31037 31073 31334 31433 31478 31821 31860 31920 31945 32217 32506 32937 32998 33067 33082 33219 33238 33252 33344 33361 33456 33510 33528 33552 33590 33854 34119 34219 34253 34255 34308 34350 34427 34442 34519 34530 34564 34599 34646 34793 34807 34817 34856 34886 34983 35036 35121 35146 35152 35214 35230 35347 35442 35468 35501 35532 35811 35840 35858 35954 35985 36014 36285 36293 36363 36453 36517 36540 36634 37047 37094 37163 37306 37414 37501 37515 37565 37573 37679 37831-37832 37944 37955 38099 38238 38260 38279 38311 38324 38339 38415 38434 38462 38562 38742 38792 38834 38883 38905 38936 38960 39011 39034 39074 39141 39213 39316 39364 39419 39422 39441 39461 39500 39557 39566 39570 39576 39584 39633 39709 39767 39801 39851 39859 39877 39888 39915 39954 39977 39984 40021 40105 40183 40317 40661 40687 40722 40862 40892 40921 40932 41127 41167 41204 41212 41260 41441 41443 41458 41591 41671 41752 41755 41861 41899 41912 42157 42166 42179 42197 42205 42224 42228 42463 42479 42501 42656 42700 42759 42860 42887 42918 42952 43001 43068 43105 43180 43258 43290 43310 43315 43327 43432 43438 43541 43558 43567 43641 43649 43668 43670 43680 43724 43760 43813 43818 43845 43929 43960 43977 43989 44054 44115 44131 44243 44398 44648 44653 44672 44674 44740 44910 45034 45051 45182 45299 45422 45430 45457 45505 45621 45627 45640-45641 45646 45668 45687 45752 45837 45865 46009 46032 46053 46076 46080 46172 46193 46200 46234 46247 46306 46384 46421 46487 46494 46526 46544 46603 46640 46685 46768 46820 46933 47045 47129 47137 47154 47167 47186 47194 47223 47308 47647 47681 47740 47842 47894 47985 48121 48249 48260 48310 48335 48345 48350 48402 48519 48545 48567 48607 48757 48807 48821 48865 48870 48943 49114 49128https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/691/A298?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/691/A298/harpssAge, kinematical parameters and birth radii for the dataset from Casali et al., 2020A&A...639A.127C, Cat. J/A+A/639/A127recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHARPSSID presented in HARPSS databasemeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension from HARPSS (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination from HARPSS (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGaiaDR3ID from Gaia DR3meta.idRA3degRight Ascension Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.raDE3degDeclination Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.decPlx? Parallaxmaspos.parallaxdoublenullablee_Plx? Parallax errormasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablepmRA? Proper motion RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublenullablee_pmRA? Proper motion RA errormas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE? Proper motion DECmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublenullablee_pmDE? Proper motion DEC errormas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableRVG? Radial velocity Gaia DR3km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVG? Radial velocity Gaia DR3 errorkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableRA2degRight Ascension J2000degpos.eq.raDE2degDeclination J2000degpos.eq.decangDistAngular distance for the Gaia DR3 solutionarcsecpos.angDistancedoubleSimbadSimbad IDmeta.idcharLz? Angular momentum along z-axiskpc.km/sphys.angMomentumdoublenullableEn? Total energykm**2.s**-2phys.energydoublenullablee? Eccentricitysrc.orbital.eccentricitydoublenullablermin? Pericenterkpcphys.size.radius;stat.mindoublenullablermax? Apocenterkpcphys.size.radius;stat.maxdoublenullabler? Spherical radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublenullableR0? Cylindrical radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublenullableRguide? Guiding radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublenullableZmax? Maximum hight above/below Galactic planekpcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticdoublenullablevr? Spherical radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablevR0? Radial velocity in the Galactic potentialkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.galacticdoublenullablevz? Vertical velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.galactocentricdoublenullablevphi? Angular velocitykm/sphys.velocdoublenullableRbirthBirth radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublee_RbirthBirth radius errorkpcstat.errordoublef_Rbirth[0/1] Birth radius flag (1: ok, 0: birth radius is not reliable)meta.codefloatAgeAgeGyrtime.agedoublee_AgeAge errorGyrstat.error;time.agedoubleJ/A+A/691/A298/harpsnStellar parameters,s, age, kinematical parameters and birth radii for this paper datasetRA3degRight Ascension Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.rae_[TiII/H]Abundance [TiII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHARPSNID presented in HARPSN databasemeta.id;meta.maincharTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatvtTurbulance velocitykm/sphys.velocfloat[Fe/H]Metallicityphys.abundfloate_TeffEffective temperature errorKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveinte_loggSurface gravity errorlog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloate_[Fe/H]Metallicity errorphys.abundfloate_vtTurbulance velocity errorkm/sstat.errorfloatAgeAgeGyrtime.agedoublee_AgeAge errorGyrstat.error;time.agedoubleRAJ2000Right Ascension from HARPSN (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination from HARPSN (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGaiaDR3ID from Gaia DR3meta.idDE3degDeclination Gaia DR3 (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.decPlx? Parallaxmaspos.parallaxdoublenullablee_Plx? Parallax errormasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablepmRA? Proper motion RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublenullablee_pmRA? Proper motion RA errormas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE? Proper motion DECmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublenullablee_pmDE? Proper motion DEC errormas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableRVG? Radial velocity Gaia DR3km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVG? Radial velocity Gaia DR3 errorkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableRA2degRight Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDE2degDeclination (J2000)degpos.eq.decangDistAngular distance for the Gaia DR3 solutionarcsecpos.angDistancedoubleRVspec? Radial velocity derived spectroscopicallykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_RVspec? Radial velocity derived spectroscopically errorkm/sstat.errordoublenullableRVRadial velocity used to derive kinematicskm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoubleLz? Angular momentum along z-axiskpc.km/sphys.angMomentumdoublenullableEn? Total energykm**2.s**-2phys.energydoublenullablee? Eccentricitysrc.orbital.eccentricitydoublenullablermin? Pericenterkpcphys.size.radius;stat.mindoublenullablermax? Apocenterkpcphys.size.radius;stat.maxdoublenullabler? Spherical radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublenullableR0? Cylindrical radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublenullableRguide? Guiding radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublenullableZmax? Maximum hight above/below Galactic planekpcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticdoublenullablevr? Spherical radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablevR0? Radial velocity in the Galactic potentialkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.galacticdoublenullablevz? Vertical velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.galactocentricdoublenullablevphi? Angular velocitykm/sphys.velocdoublenullableRbirthBirth radiuskpcphys.size.radiusdoublee_RbirthBirth radius errorkpcstat.errordoublef_Rbirth[0/1] Birth radius flag (1: ok, 0: not reliable)meta.codefloat[CI/H]Abundance [CI/H]phys.abundfloate_[CI/H]Abundance [CI/H] errorphys.abundfloat[NaI/H]Abundance [NaI/H]phys.abundfloate_[NaI/H]Abundance [NaI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[MgI/H]Abundance [MgI/H]phys.abundfloate_[MgI/H]Abundance [MgI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[AlI/H]Abundance [AlI/H]phys.abundfloate_[AlI/H]Abundance [AlI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[SiI/H]Abundance [SiI/H]phys.abundfloate_[SiI/H]Abundance [SiI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[SI/H]? Abundance [SI/H]phys.abundfloatnullablee_[SI/H]? Abundance [SI/H] errorphys.abundfloatnullable[CaI/H]Abundance [CaI/H]phys.abundfloate_[CaI/H]Abundance [CaI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[ScI/H]Abundance [ScI/H]phys.abundfloate_[ScI/H]Abundance [ScI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[ScII/H]Abundance [ScII/H]phys.abundfloate_[ScII/H]Abundance [ScII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[TiI/H]Abundance [TiI/H]phys.abundfloate_[TiI/H]Abundance [TiI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[TiII/H]Abundance [TiII/H]phys.abundfloat[VI/H]Abundance [VI/H]phys.abundfloate_[VI/H]Abundance [VI/H] errorphys.abundfloat[CrI/H]Abundance [CrI/H]phys.abundfloate_[CrI/H]Abundance [CrI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[CrII/H]Abundance [CrII/H]phys.abundfloate_[CrII/H]Abundance [CrII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[MnI/H]Abundance [MnI/H]phys.abundfloate_[MnI/H]Abundance [MnI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[FeI/H]Abundance [FeI/H]phys.abundfloate_[FeI/H]Abundance [FeI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[FeII/H]Abundance [FeII/H]phys.abundfloate_[FeII/H]Abundance [FeII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[CoI/H]Abundance [CoI/H]phys.abundfloate_[CoI/H]Abundance [CoI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[NiI/H]Abundance [NiI/H]phys.abundfloate_[NiI/H]Abundance [NiI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[CuI/H]Abundance [CuI/H]phys.abundfloate_[CuI/H]Abundance [CuI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[ZnI/H]Abundance [ZnI/H]phys.abundfloate_[ZnI/H]Abundance [ZnI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[SrI/H]Abundance [SrI/H]phys.abundfloate_[SrI/H]Abundance [SrI/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundint[YII/H]Abundance [YII/H]phys.abundfloate_[YII/H]Abundance [YII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[ZrII/H]Abundance [ZrII/H]phys.abundfloate_[ZrII/H]Abundance [ZrII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[BaII/H]Abundance [BaII/H]phys.abundfloate_[BaII/H]Abundance [BaII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[LaII/H]Abundance [LaII/H]phys.abundfloate_[LaII/H]Abundance [LaII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[CeII/H]Abundance [CeII/H]phys.abundfloate_[CeII/H]Abundance [CeII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[NdII/H]Abundance [NdII/H]phys.abundfloate_[NdII/H]Abundance [NdII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[SmII/H]Abundance [SmII/H]phys.abundfloate_[SmII/H]Abundance [SmII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloat[EuII/H]Abundance [EuII/H]phys.abundfloate_[EuII/H]Abundance [EuII/H] errorstat.error;phys.abundfloatf_RV[g/m] Radial velocity flag (1)meta.codechar