J/A+A/690/A201ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/690/A201doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36900201CDSWang J.Pan Y.Fu J.Zong P.Zong W.Cang T.Zhang B.Pan Yu2025-02-24T20:01:49Z2024-10-10T08:37:49ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.freclipsing-binary-starseffective-temperaturestellar-radiiorbitsTidal deformation breaks the axisymmetric structure of stars, and this may affect stellar activity. This effect has been demonstrated in theoretical analyses and simulations, but it lacks observational support. In this paper, we use spot-modulated detached binaries to study the effect of tides on stellar activity. We show this effect by analyzing the properties of the spot lifetime, the harmonic decay timescale, and the orbital parameters. We aim to explore the differences in spot lifetimes between binaries and single stars, the main mechanisms of spot decay in binaries, and the correlation between orbital parameters and spot lifetimes. These differences will provide clues to the effect of tides on stellar activity. We collected data of 311 spot-modulated detached binaries and 3272 single stars. The relative orbital parameters of the binaries were derived by combining Kepler photometry, stellar atmospheric parameters from LAMOST DR9 and Gaia DR3, and 2MASS photometry.We then used the ACF method to obtain the rotational periods, lifetimes, and harmonic decay timescales. Finally, we analyzed the correlation between the lifetime of spots and orbital parameters, explored the dominant decay mechanism of spots, and examined the differences in spots for binaries and single stars. The relative lifetime of a starspot is correlated with the sum of the fractional radii, the orbital eccentricity, and the synchronization ratio. Longer lifetimes are observed in close, circular, and synchronous binaries than in the other binaries. The main mechanism for the decay of star spots in binaries is large-scale convective motion. However, on close, cool, and fast-rotating binaries, horizontal diffusion or subphotospheric diffusion are dominant. Compared to single stars, the median lifetime of a starspot on binaries was found to be longer. Moreover, this difference decreases with rotation period. Additionally, it should be noted that spots on binaries experience increased horizontal or subphotospheric diffusion at the same rotation period and effective temperature. According to the observation results, we conclude that the lifetime of starspots on detached close binaries is affected by tidal interactions.2024A&A...690A.201Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/690/A201CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/690/A201https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/690/A201http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/690/A201https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/690/A201https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/690/A201http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/690/A201GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/690/A201/table1 (Catalogue of binary parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/690/A201/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/690/A201/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/690/A201/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true166.0994119-4.58028420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/690/A201/table3 (Catalogue of starspot parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/690/A201/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/690/A201/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/690/A201/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true166.0994119-4.58028420.0055555555555555565/7397 6/421 752 1285 1297 1300 1304 1947 1959 1965 1976 1982 3348 3609 3614 3637 3639 3662 3680 4615 4638 4978 5302 5633 5645 5654 6253 6394 6530 7093 7226 9366 9410 9420 9444 9475 9484 9498 10754 10762 13414 13523 14400 14403 14640-14641 14643 14646 14653 14696 15002 16581 16887 17004 17300 17311 17340 17346 17376 17925 21482-21483 21489 21558 21564-21565 21611 21696-21697 21703 21709 21735 21752 21754 22086 22097 22102 22812 22851 22863 23102-23103 23112 24162 24259 24487 24493 24504 24833 24839 25232 25679 25685 25694 25856 26924 28978-28979 28982 28985 28987-28988 28990-28991 28993 29010 29017 29022 29045 29047 29079 29120 29122 29497-29500 29502-29503 29521 29524 29526-29527 29533 29578 29587 29597 29600 29603-29604 29606-29607 29618 29624 29634-29635 29641 29643-29644 29665 29739 29742 29825 29829 29877 29922 29928-29929 29934 30216 30218 30240 30276-30277 30279 30296 30728 31325 31497 31945 31948 31984 31987 32077 32079 32090-32091 32113 32125 32148 32151 32157 32202 32225 32669 32671 32681 32714-32715 34397-34398 35127 35492 36709 36720 36732 36821 38555 38565 38567 38579-38580 38584 38586 38589 38624 38640 38643 38826 40166 40328 40498 40504 40507 40594 42149 42162-42163 42166-42167 42210 42216 42582 42588 42726-42727 42745 42747 42750 42762 42785 42787 43947 44115 44360 44436 44701-44702 44969 47253 47305 47330 47336 47477 48110 48719 48754https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/690/A201?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/690/A201/table1Catalogue of binary parametersinclInclinationdegsrc.orbital.inclinationfloate_inclError of inclinationdegstat.errorfloateccEccentricitysrc.orbital.eccentricityfloate_eccError of eccentricitystat.errorfloatq? Mass ratiophys.massfloatnullablePorbOrbital period from KEBC (2)dtime.perioddoubleTeffEffective temperature of primaryKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError of effective temperatureKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveint_RAPosition for KIC catalog (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintT2/T1Temperature ratiophys.temperaturefloate_T2/T1? Error of temperature ratio (1)stat.errorfloatnullable(R1+R2)/aSum of the fractional radiiphys.size;arith.ratiofloate_(R1+R2)/aError of sum of the fractional radiistat.errorfloat_DEPosition for KIC catalog (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainR2/R1Radius ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloate_R2/R1Error of radius ratiostat.errorfloatJ/A+A/690/A201/table3Catalogue of starspot parametersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKepler identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintRMSRMS of straspotstat.stdevdoubletauLifetime of starspotdtime.agedoublee_tauError of lifetime of starspotdstat.errorfloatProtRotation perioddtime.perioddoublee_ProtError of rotation perioddstat.errordoublebeta21? Harmonic decay timescales ratiotime.scalefloatnullable_RAPosition for KIC catalog (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition for KIC catalog (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main