J/A+A/687/A124ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/687/A124doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36870124CDSBragagliaA.D'OraziV.MagrinL.Baratella M.Bensby T.,Martell S.L.Randich S.Tautvaisiene G.Alfaro E.J.Morbidelli L.,Smiljanic R.Zaggia S.2024-11-21T20:01:56Z2024-07-03T07:11:28ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersradial-velocityvisible-astronomychemical-abundancesThe light element (anti-)correlations shown by globular clusters (GCs) are the main spectroscopic signature of multiple stellar populations. These internal abundance variations provide us with fundamental constraints on the formation mechanism of stellar clusters. Using Gaia-ESO, the largest and most homogeneous survey of open clusters (OCs), we intend to check whether these stellar aggregates display the same patterns. Based on previous studies of many GCs, several young and massive clusters in the Magellanic Clouds, as well as a few OCs, we do not expect to find any anti-correlation, given the low mass of Milky Way OCs. We used the results based on UVES spectra of stars in Gaia-ESO to derive the distribution of Na and O abundances and see whether they show an unexplained dispersion or whether they are anti-correlated. By selecting only high-probability members with high-precision stellar parameters, we ended up with more than 700 stars in 74 OCs. We examined the O-Na distribution in 28 OCs with at least 4 stars available as well as the Na distribution in 24 OCs, with at least 10 stars available. We find that the distribution of Na abundances is compatible with a single-value population, within the errors. The few apparent exceptions can be explained by differences in the evolutionary phase (main sequence and giant post first dredge-up episode) or by difficulties in analysing low gravity giants. We did not find any indication of an Na-O anti-correlation in any of the clusters for which O has been derived. Based on the very small spread we find, OCs maintain the status of single stellar populations. However, a definitive answer requires studying more elements and larger samples covering different evolutionary phases. This will be possible with the next generation of large surveys.2024A&A...687A.124Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/687/A124CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/687/A124https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/687/A124http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/687/A124https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/687/A124https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/687/A124http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/687/A124GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/687/A124/tablea2 (Properties of the individual stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/687/A124/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/687/A124/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/687/A124/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true80.88739531.58820560.0055555555555555566/4298 6149 14336 14573 14575 16488 16490-16491 16577 20562 20763 20814 20939 20957 20989 21372 21518-21519 21529 21550 21557 21567 21719 22058 22130 22224 22239 22433 22498-22499 22887 22894 23612 23637-23639 23704 23717 23728 23745 23861 24322 24330 24344-24345 28806-28807 28822-28823 28891 29728 29730 30215 30308 30635 31790 31812 32089 36956-36957 37128 37229 37231 37242 37279 37313 37316 37592-37594 37787 37790 37867 37933 37944 37971 38441 39181 39183 39216 39257 39353-39356 39696 41466 41613 41649 41678 42153 42177 42374 42402 42464 42496 42981 42992 43034 43054 43140https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/687/A124?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/687/A124/tablea1Literature information on the observed clustersSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintmembindicates data in table A2meta.ref.urlcharClusterCluster namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryNobsNumber of observationsmeta.numberintAV? Absorption in V band (1)magphot.magfloatnullableDistDistance (1)pcpos.distanceintlogtlog Age or lower value of logAge interval (1)log(yr)time.agefloatlogt2? Upper value of logAge intervallog(yr)time.agefloatnullablelogMass1? Mass from r_logMass1 referencelog(solMass)phys.massfloatnullabler_logMass1[1/2]? Reference for logMass1 (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullablelogMass2? Mass from r_logMass2 referencelog(solMass)phys.massfloatnullabler_logMass2[1/2]? Reference for logMass2 (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableRV? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV? Radial velocity standard errorkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableN? Number members used to derive them come from Tarricq et al. (2021A&A...647A..19T, Cat. J/A+A/647/A19)meta.numberintnullableO?[Y/N] indicate whether oxygen was measured in the clustermeta.codecharNameAlternative name (from Simbad)meta.idcharJ/A+A/687/A124/tablea2Properties of the individual starsRVGES? Radial velocity Gaia-ESOkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterCluster namemeta.id.parentcharGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source namemeta.id;meta.mainGESGaia-ESO object name (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.idchare_RVGES? Error on GES RVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableTeffGaia-ESO effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffError on GES TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintloggGaia-ESO surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_loggError on GESlogglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloat[Fe/H]Metallicityphys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H]Error on GES [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.FefloatNaI? log(Na) abundancephys.abundfloatnullablee_NaI? Error on GES NaIstat.errorfloatnullableOI? log(O) abundancephys.abundfloatnullablee_OI? Error on GES OIstat.errorfloatnullableRVGDR3? Gaia DR3 RVkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RVGDR3? Error on GDR3 RVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main