J/A+A/686/A232ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/686/A232doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36860232CDSLillo-Box J.Morales-Calderon M.Barrado D.Balsalobre-Ruza O.,Castro-Gonzalez A.Mendigutia I.Huelamo N.Montesinos B.Vioque M.2026-08-31T14:08:50Z2024-06-14T11:00:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsvisible-astronomyChance-aligned sources or blended companions can cause false positives in planetary transit detections or simply bias the determination of the candidate properties. In the era of high-precision space-based photometers, the need for high-spatial resolution images has demonstrated to be critical for validating and confirming transit signals. This already applied to the Kepler mission, it is now applicable to the TESS survey and will be critical for the PLATO mission. In this paper we present the results of the AstraLux-TESS survey, a catalog of high-spatial resolution images obtained with the AstraLux instrument at the Calar Alto observatory (Almeria, Spain) obtained in the context of the TESS Follow-up Observing Program. We use the lucky-imaging technique to obtain high-spatial resolution images from planet candidate hosts included mostly in two relevant regimes: exoplanet candidates belonging to the level-one requirement of the TESS mission (planets with radii R<4R_{sun}_), and TESS planet candidates around intermediate-mass main sequence stars. Among the 185 planet host candidate stars observed, we found 13 (7%) to be accompanied by additional sources within 2.2 arcsec separation. Among them, six are not associated to sources in the Gaia DR3 catalog, thus contaminating the TESS light curve. Even if no contaminants are detected, we can provide upper limits and probabilities to the possible existence of field contaminants through the sensitivity limits of our images. Among the isolated hosts, we can discard hazardous companions (bright enough to mimic a planetary transit signals) with an accuracy below 1% for all their planets. The results from this catalog are key for the statistical validation of small planets (prime targets of the TESS mission) and planets around intermediate-mass stars in the main-sequence. These two populations of planets are hard to confirm with the radial velocity technique because of the shallow amplitude of small planets and the high-rotational velocities and low number of available spectral lines in the intermediate stellar mass regime. Our results also demonstrate the importance of this type of follow-up observations for future transit missions like PLATO, even in the Gaia era.2024A&A...686A.232Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/686/A232CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/686/A232https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/686/A232http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/686/A232https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/686/A232https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/686/A232http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/686/A232GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/686/A232/table1 (Properties of observed TOIs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/686/A232/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/686/A232/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/686/A232/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true349.23136194-18.606628060.0055555555555555566/0 830 1083 1228 1433 1539 1783-1784 1793 1903 2395 2643 2725 2730-2731 2801 3004 3006 3035 3377 3475 3564 3757 3801 3843 3900 4047 4161 4179 4280 4617 6217 6505 6584 6610 6623 6709 6723 6949 7239 7347 7361 7395 7508 7608 7640 7670 7777 7791 7846 7851 7897 7951 7973 8142 8147 8675 9038 9480 9750 9960 9979 10028 10068 10105 10182 10185 10203 10218 10491 10593 10598 10610 10629 10700 11031 11186 11190 11239 11431 11512 11542 11548 11577 11598 11618 11631 11658 11717 11724 11756 11772 11896 11905 11918 11923 11925 11933 11974 11992 12056 12096 12164 12171-12172 12223 12235 12237 12242 12263 12286 13242 13611 13644 13790 13892 13916 14224 14639 14740 15281 15316 15339 15428 15595 15862 15914 15916 15997 16022 16024 16061 16074 16092 16104 16109 16161 16245 16258 16294 16347 16367 16851 17089 17495 17774 21710 21766-21767 21796 21824 21888 21980 21986 22227 22239 22661 22886 23961 24246 24327 24430 24517 24526 24571 25145 25196 25401 26634 27176 27358 32184 32319 32433 32757 35696 36643 36716 37591 40668 40855https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/686/A232?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/686/A232/table1Properties of observed TOIsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTOITESS Object of Interest IDmeta.id;meta.mainintTICTESS Input Catalog IDmeta.idlongCandPlanet candidate ID, NNN.01meta.idfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharDispositionDisposition (G1)src.classcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) from TIC catalogdegpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) from TIC catalogdegpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTmagTESS magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoublePorb? Orbital period from TOI releasedtime.perioddoublenullableRp? Planet radius from TOI release(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radius;arith.ratiodoublenullableNightNight of AstraLux obs (YYMMDD)time.epochnullableJ/A+A/686/A232/table2Observing setup and informationrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTOITESS Object of Interest IDmeta.id;meta.mainintNightNight of AstraLux obs (YYMMDD)time.epochnullableJDJulian date of observation (JD-2450000)dtime.epochdoubleAirmassAirmassobs.airMassfloatNfNumber of frames in AstraLux datacubemeta.numberintTexpFrameExposure time per framemspos.frame;obs.exposure;obs.fieldintTexpEffEffective total exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposurefloatJ/A+A/686/A232/table3Results for each TOIrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTOITESS Object of Interest IDmeta.id;meta.mainintplanetPlanet candidate IDmeta.idfloatRp? Planet radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radius;arith.ratiofloatnullableDispositionDisposition from TOI release (G1)src.classcharcont05Contrast at 0.5 arcsec separationmagphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatcont1Contrast at 1.0 arcsec separationmagphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatcont2Contrast at 2.0 arcsec separationmagphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatBSCBlended Source Confidence probabilitystatfloatTPP? TESS positional probabilitystat.fit.goodnessfloatnullableJ/A+A/686/A232/tablea1Detected companions in the stars observed with AstraLux presented in this workSep? Separation to compoment Aarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTOITESS Object of Interest IDmeta.id;meta.mainintn_TOI[+ ] Note on TOI (2)meta.notecharComp[A B Gaia] Component designation (1)meta.code.multipchare_Sep? Separation to compoment A errorarcsecstat.errorfloatnullablePA[]? Position angle to compoment Adegpos.posAngdoublenullablee_PA? Position angle to compoment A errordegstat.errorfloatnullableDmSDSSz? Magnitude contrastmagphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullablee_DmSDSSz? Magnitude contrast errormagstat.errorfloatnullableGaiaDR3? Gaia DR3 counterpartmeta.idnullablen_GaiaDR3[d] Note on GaiaDR3 (2)meta.notechard? Distancepcpos.distancedoublenullablee_d? Distance errorpcstat.errordoublenullablepmRA? Proper motion along RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE? Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullable