J/A+A/685/A41ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/685/A41doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36850041CDSSicignano T.Ripepi V.Marconi M.Molinaro R.Bhardwaj A.,Cioni M.-R.L.de Grij R.Storm J.Groenewegen M.A.T.Ivanov V.D.,De Somma G.2024-11-29T20:02:27Z2024-05-06T08:29:37ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvariable-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyType II Cepheids (T2Cs) are the less frequently used counterparts of classical or type I Cepheids (CCs) which provide the primary calibration of the distance ladder for measuring the Hubble constant in the local Universe. In the era of the `Hubble tension', T2C variables together with the RR Lyrae stars and the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) can potentially provide non-CC-dependent calibration of the cosmic distance ladder. Our goal is to provide an absolute calibration of the period--luminosity, period--luminosity--colour, and period--Wesenheit relations (PL, PLC, and PW, respectively) of T2Cs in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), which traditionally serves as a crucial first anchor of the extragalactic distance ladder. We exploited time-series photometry in the near-infrared (NIR) Y,J and Ks bands for a sample of approximately 320 T2Cs in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs). These observations were acquired during 2009--2018 in the context of the VISTA survey of the Magellanic Clouds system (VMC), an ESO public survey. We supplemented the NIR photometry from the VMC survey with well-sampled optical light curves and accurate pulsation periods from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) IV survey and the Gaia mission. We used the best-quality NIR light curves to generate custom templates for modelling sparsely sampled light curves in YJKs bands. The best-fitting YJKs template light curves were used to derive accurate and precise intensity-averaged mean magnitudes and pulsation amplitudes of 277 and 62 T2Cs in the LMC and SMC, respectively. We used optical and NIR mean magnitudes for different T2C subclasses (BLHer, WVir, and RVTau) to derive PL/PLC/PW relations in multiple bands, which were calibrated with the geometric distance to the LMC as derived from eclipsing binaries and with the Gaia parallaxes. We used our new empirical calibrations of PL and PW relations to obtain distances to 22 T2C-host Galactic globular clusters, which were found to be systematically smaller by almost 0.1mag and 0.03-0.06mag than in the literature when the zero points are calibrated with the distance of the LMC or Gaia parallaxes, respectively. Better agreement is found between our distances and those based on RR Lyrae stars in globular clusters, providing strong support for using these population II stars together with the TRGB for future distance scale studies.2024A&A...685A..41Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/685/A41CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/685/A41https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/685/A41http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/685/A41https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/685/A41https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/685/A41http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/685/A41GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/685/A41/table3 (Intensity-averaged magnitudes for 339 T2C in the Y, J, and Ks bands)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/685/A41/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/685/A41/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/685/A41/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true10.73955381323-73.120728389550.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/685/A41/table5 (Optical photometry for the same stars already published in the literature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/685/A41/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/685/A41/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/685/A41/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true10.73955381323-73.120728389550.0055555555555555565/8262-8263 8269 8273-8275 8277-8278 8280 8329 6/32954 33031 33033-33036 33039 33041-33043 33045-33047 33056 33059 33061 33063 33073-33074 33081 33084-33085 33088 33090-33091 33105-33106 33116-33118 33124 33126 33128 33137 33141 33285-33287 33293-33296 33304-33306 33312-33313 33320 33324-33325 33328 33330-33331 33797 33800-33802 37408 37410 37417 37419 37504 37506 37513 37538-37539 389141.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/685/A41?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/685/A41/table3Intensity-averaged magnitudes for 339 T2C in the Y, J, and Ks bandsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLCShow the light curvesmeta.ref.urlcharIDIdentification from the OGLE IV or Gaia DR2/3 catalogues or othermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainClassClassification of the star in the T2C subtypes (G1)meta.code.class;src.classcharPPerioddtime.perioddouble<Ymag>? Intensity-averaged magnitude in the Y band computed with the template-fitting proceduremagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublenullablee_<Ymag>? Robust mad uncertainty on the Mag_Y computed with the template-fitting proceduremagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableAmpY? Peak-to-peak Amplitude in the Y band computed with the template-fitting proceduremagsrc.var.amplitudedoublenullablee_AmpY? Robust mad uncertainty on the amp_Y computed with the template-fitting proceduremagstat.errordoublenullableflagY[false true] Tag for the fitting procedure in the Y band (2)meta.code.errorchar<Jmag>? Intensity-averaged magnitude in the J band computed with the template-fitting proceduremagphot.mag;em.IR.Jdoublenullablee_<Jmag>? Robust mad uncertainty on the Mag_J computed with the template-fitting proceduremagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableAmpJ? Peak-to-peak Amplitude in the J band computed with the template-fitting proceduremagsrc.var.amplitudedoublenullablee_AmpJ? Robust mad uncertainty on the amp_J computed with the template-fitting proceduremagstat.errordoublenullableflagJ[false true] Tag for the fitting procedure in the J band (2)meta.code.errorchar<Kmag>? Intensity-averaged magnitude in the K band computed with the template-fitting proceduremagphot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullablee_<Kmag>? Robust mad uncertainty on the Mag_K computed with the template-fitting proceduremagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableAmpK? Peak-to-peak Amplitude in the K band computed with the template-fitting proceduremagsrc.var.amplitudedoublenullablee_AmpK? Robust mad uncertainty on the amp_K computed with the template-fitting proceduremagstat.errordoublenullableflagK[false true] Tag for the fitting procedure in the K band (2)meta.code.errorcharE(V-I)Colour excessmagphot.color.excessfloatflagEVI[0/1] References for the color map.meta.code.errorintSourceFlag indicating the origin of the object identification, period and epoch of maximum (3)meta.code.errorcharJ/A+A/685/A41/table5Optical photometry for the same stars already published in the literature<Imag>? Magnitude in the I band from OGLE IVmagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableepochIEpoch in the I band from OGLE IVtime.epochdoubleAmpI? Amplitude in the I band from OGLE IVmagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullable<Gmag>Magnitude in the G band from Gaia DR3magphot.mag;em.optdoublee_<Gmag>Uncertainty on the G magnitude from Gaia DR3magstat.error;phot.magdouble<BPmag>Magnitude in the G_BP band from Gaia DR3magphot.mag;em.opt.BdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentification from the OGLE IV or Gaia DR2/3 catalogues or othermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainClassClassification of the star in the T2C subtypes (G1)meta.code.class;src.classcharPPerioddtime.perioddoublee_Prms uncertainty on the Perioddstat.errordouble<Vmag>? Magnitude in the V band from OGLE IVmagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_<BPmag>Uncertainty on the G_BP magnitude from Gaia DR3magstat.error;phot.magdouble<RPmag>Magnitude in the G_RP band from Gaia DR3magphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublee_<RPmag>Uncertainty on the G_RP magnitude from Gaia DR3magstat.error;phot.magdoubleSource[Gaia OGLE] Flag indicating the origin of the object identification, period and epoch of maximummeta.code.errorcharSOS[0/2] Flag discerning the technique uses to calculate the average magnitudes in the Gaia bands (2)meta.codeintVI[P22; OGLE ] Flag for the origin of the magnitude in the V and I band used during the analysis (3)meta.codecharJ/A+A/685/A41/table1Made up of all the time series of the T2Cs acquired from VMCrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSourceIDIdentification from the OGLE IV or Gaia DR2/3 catalogues or othermeta.id;meta.maincharHJDHeliocentric Julian day (HJD-2400000)dtime.epoch;pos.heliocentricdoublemagMagnitude in Bandmagphot.magfloate_magrms uncertainty on magnitudemagstat.error;phot.magfloatBand[J Y Ks] Band in which the magnitude was collectedinstr.bandpasscharJ/A+A/685/A41/tablea1Templates in the Y band, used to calculate the intensity-averaged magnitudesA9Amplitude of the ninth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi9Phase of the ninth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeClassification of the star in the T2C subtypes (G1)src.classcharPPerioddtime.periodfloatA1Amplitude of the first harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi1Phase of the first harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA2Amplitude of the second harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi2Phase of the second harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA3Amplitude of the third harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi3Phase of the third harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA4Amplitude of the fourth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi4Phase of the fourth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA5Amplitude of the fifth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi5Phase of the fifth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA6Amplitude of the sixth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi6Phase of the sixth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA7Amplitude of the seventh harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi7Phase of the seventh harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA8Amplitude of the eighth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi8Phase of the eighth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA10Amplitude of the tenth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi10Phase of the tenth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramdoubleJ/A+A/685/A41/tablea2Templates in the J band, used to calculate the intensity-averaged magnitudesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeClassification of the star in the T2C subtypes (G1)src.classcharPPerioddtime.periodfloatA1Amplitude of the first harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi1Phase of the first harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA2Amplitude of the second harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi2Phase of the second harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA3Amplitude of the third harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi3Phase of the third harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA4Amplitude of the fourth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi4Phase of the fourth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA5Amplitude of the fifth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi5Phase of the fifth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA6Amplitude of the sixth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi6Phase of the sixth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA7Amplitude of the seventh harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi7Phase of the seventh harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA8Amplitude of the eighth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi8Phase of the eighth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA9Amplitude of the ninth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi9Phase of the ninth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA10Amplitude of the tenth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi10Phase of the tenth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramdoubleJ/A+A/685/A41/tablea3Templates in the Ks band, used to calculate the intensity-averaged magnitudesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeClassification of the star in the T2C subtypes (G1)src.classcharPPerioddtime.periodfloatA1Amplitude of the first harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi1Phase of the first harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA2Amplitude of the second harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi2Phase of the second harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA3Amplitude of the third harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi3Phase of the third harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA4Amplitude of the fourth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi4Phase of the fourth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA5Amplitude of the fifth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi5Phase of the fifth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA6Amplitude of the sixth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi6Phase of the sixth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA7Amplitude of the seventh harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi7Phase of the seventh harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA8Amplitude of the eighth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi8Phase of the eighth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA9Amplitude of the ninth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi9Phase of the ninth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramfloatA10Amplitude of the tenth harmonic in the Fourier seriessrc.var.amplitudefloatPhi10Phase of the tenth harmonic in the Fourier seriesstat.fit.paramdouble