J/A+A/684/A144ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/684/A144doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36840144CDSBerdikhan D.Esimbek J.Henkel C.Zhou J.Tang X.Liu T.Wu G.Li D.,He Y.Komesh T.Tursun K.Zhou D.Imanaly E.Jandaolet Q.2025-08-21T20:01:04Z2024-04-17T08:52:22ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinterstellar-mediumradial-velocityradio-astronomysurveysSingle-pointing observations of NH_3_(1,1) and (2,2) were conducted toward 672 Planck Early Cold Cores (ECCs) using the Nanshan 26-m radio telescope. Out of these sources, a detection rate of 37 (249 cores) was achieved, with a NH_3_(1,1) hyperfine structure detected in 187 cores and NH_3_(2,2) emission lines detected in 76 of them. The detection rate of NH_3_ is positively correlated with the continuum emission fluxes at a frequency of 857GHz. Among the observed 672 cores, ~22 have associated stellar and infrared objects within the beam size (~2 arcmin). This suggests that most of the cores in our sample may be starless. The kinetic temperatures of the cores range from 8.9 to 20.7K, with an average of 12.3K, indicating a coupling between gas and dust temperatures. The ammonia column densities range from 3.6*10^14^ to 6.07*10^15^cm^-2^, with a median value of 2.04*10^15cm^-2^. The fractional abundances of ammonia range from 0.3 to 9.7*10^-7^, with an average of 2.7*10^-7^, which is one order of magnitude larger than that of massive star-forming (MSF) regions and infrared dark clouds (IRDCs). The correlation between thermal and nonthermal velocity dispersion of the NH_3_(1,1) inversion transition indicates the dominance of supersonic nonthermal motions in the dense gas traced by NH3, and the relationship between these two parameters in Planck cold cores is weaker, with lower values observed for both parameters relative to other samples under our examination. The cumulative distribution shapes of line widths in the Planck cold cores closely resemble those of the dense cores found in regions of Cepheus, in addition to Orion L1630 and L1641, with higher values compared to Ophiuchus.2024A&A...684A.144Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/684/A144CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/684/A144https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/684/A144http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/684/A144https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/684/A144https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/684/A144http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/684/A144GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/684/A144/tablea1 (Basic information of the observed sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/684/A144/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/684/A144/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/684/A144/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true252.3365-14.16070.0055555555555555565/85 259 265 6/145 252 254 349 351 428 486-487 597 599 611 619 668 769-770 835 844 849 855 858-862 1031 1048 1050 1052 1054-1055 1059 1065-1068 1073-1075 1077 1080 1082 1091 1103 1111 1117 1124-1126 1129 1136 1138-1139 1145 1158-1159 1168-1170 1176-1177 1195 1205 1231 1243 1247 1253 1261 1263-1264 1266 1271 1274 1280 1288 1290 1315 1330 1344 1346 1350 1352 1460 1470 1531 1542 1581-1582 1588-1589 1603-1606 1613 1615 1617 1622 1631 1635-1636 1638 1641 1668 1727 1731 1788 1791 1812 1814 1825 1834 1846-1847 1851-1852 1873 1935 1937 1940 1959 1964 1968 1988 2709 2794 2948 2962 2969 2972-2973 2978 3035 3157 3185 3188 3255 3330-3331 3349 3355-3356 3358 3365 3371 3375 3379 3389 3402 3417 3458-3459 3553 3625 3627-3628 3635 3645 3692 3716 3733 3745 3747-3748 3777 3780 3807 3813 3849-3851 3860 3862 3873 3878 3884 3889 3896 3898-3899 3973 3975 3977 3986 4039 4062 4089 6603 7406 7708 8566 12902 12960 12985 12991 13011 13048 13584 13718 13726 13744 13914 13925 13927 13939 13981 14005 14014 14031 14052-14053 14057 14069 14147 14199 14207 14306 14347 14350 14369 14371-14372 14595 14601 14618 15182 15362 15379-15380 15408 15416 15420-15421 15466 15540-15541 15555 15564 15578 15585 15588-15590 15741 15746 15781-15782 15785-15786 15803 15812 15816 15825 15842 15850-15851 15857 15940-15941 15948 15952 15954-15955 15963-15965 16129-16130 16133 16143 16153 16188 16190-16192 16196-16198 16203 16224 16239 16277 16320 16339 16349 16373 17580 17594 18426 19543 19781 20007 20113 20396 20831 20843 20845 20863 20941 20949 20952 20983 21263 21272 21298 21305 21308 21311 21329 21336-21337 21340-21341 21347 21350 21353-21354 21396-21397 21400 21402 21428 21430 21435 21438 21440 21445-21446 21467 21510 21591 21598 21620 21637 21645 21648 21676 21684 21690 22089 22113 22140 22205 22214 22232-22233 22554-22555 22654 22807 22855 22867 22876 23005 23029-23031 23498 23519 23541 23549 23551 23557 23561 23563 23572 23576 23578 23597 23600 23625 23644 23646 23669 23697 23738-23739 23770 23795 23802 23807 23810 23842 23902 23970 24066 24076-24077 24156 24163 24202-24203 24300 24302 24305 24307-24308 24353 24378 24424-24425 24427 24450 24474 24478 24487 24493 24501 24508 24515 24522 24526 24560 24569 28915 29096 29154 29160 29263 29274 29377 29386 29442 29455 29466 29498 29519 29551 29560 29597 29657-29658 29661 29673 29688 29818 29884 30256 30272 30288 30315 30343 30346 30348 30353 30363-30364 30368 30402 30421 30561 30574-30575 30584 30663 30741 30786 30792-30793 30795 30798 30820-30821 30832 31009 31025 31036 31263 31284 31329 31344 31818 32011 32083 39886 39891 39899 39909 39911 39916 39918 42970 42992-42993 48874-48875https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/684/A144?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/684/A144/tablea1Basic information of the observed sourcesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalactic name (GLLL.ll+BB.bb)meta.id;meta.maincharprimarymoreData in the other tablesmeta.ref.urlcharGLONGalactic longitude of peakdegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitude of peakdegpos.galactic.latDist? Heliocentric distancekpcpos.distancefloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decindexedJ/A+A/684/A144/tablea2Observed parameters of the NH_3_ (1,1) and NH_3_ (2,2) emission lines in the NH_3_ detected sourcesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalactic name (GLLL.ll+BB.bb)meta.id;meta.maincharm_Name[ab] Multiplicity index on Namemeta.code.multipcharv(11)LSR velocity of the NH_3_(1,1) inversion transition (23.694GHz)km/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrfloate_v(11)rms uncertainty on v(1,1)km/sstat.errorfloatdv(11)NH_3_(1,1) linewidthkm/sspect.line.widthfloate_dv(11)rms uncertainty on {DELTA}v(1,1)km/sstat.errorfloattau(11)? Optical depth of NH_3_(1,1) line (23.694GHz)phys.absorption.opticalDepthfloatnullablee_tau(11)? rms uncertainty on tau(1,1)stat.errorfloatnullableTMB(11)NH_3_(1,1) main beam brightness temperatureKphys.temperature;meta.mainfloate_TMB(11)rms uncertainty on TMB(1,1)Kstat.errorfloatv(22)? LSR velocity of the NH_3_(2,2) inversion transition (23.722GHz)km/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrfloatnullablee_v(22)? rms uncertainty on v(2,2)km/sstat.errorfloatnullabledv(22)? NH_3_(2,2) linewidthkm/sspect.line.widthfloatnullablee_dv(22)? rms uncertainty on dv(2,2)km/sstat.errorfloatnullableTMB(22)? NH_3_(2,2) main beam brightness temperatureKphys.temperature;meta.mainfloatnullablee_TMB(22)? rms uncertainty on TMB(2,2)Kstat.errorfloatnullableJ/A+A/684/A144/tablea3Contains calculated parameters of the NH_3_ (1,1) and (2,2) emission lines detected in the 73 corese_NNH3rms uncertainty on NNH3log(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatSigmaNTNonthermal velocity dispersion SigmaNTkm/sphys.veloc.dispersionfloatMMach numberphys.velocfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalactic name (GLLL.ll+BB.b)meta.id;meta.maincharm_Name[ab] Multiplicity index on Namemeta.code.multipcharTexExcitation temperatureKphys.atmol.excitationfloate_Texrms uncertainty on TexKstat.errorfloatTrotRotational temperature between the NH_3_(1,1) and (2,2) inversion transitionKphys.temperaturefloate_Trotrms uncertainty on TrotKstat.errorfloatTkinKinematic temperatureKphys.temperaturefloate_Tkinrms uncertainty on Kinematic temperatureKstat.errorfloatNNH3NH_3_ column density N(NH_3_)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloate_SigmaNTrms uncertainty on SigmaNTkm/sstat.errorfloatSigmaTHThermal velocity dispersion SigmaTHkm/sphys.veloc.dispersionfloate_SigmaTHrms uncertainty on SigmaTHkm/sstat.errorfloatCsSound speed Cskm/sphys.velocfloate_Csrms uncertainty on Cskm/sstat.errorfloate_Mrms uncertainty on Mstat.errorfloatRpThermal-to-nonthermal pressure ratiophys.pressure;arith.ratiofloate_Rprms uncertainty on Rpstat.errorfloatchi? NH_3_ abundance {chi}=N(NH_3_)/N(H_2_)phys.abundfloatnullablee_chi? rms uncertainty on chistat.errorfloatnullableJ/A+A/684/A144/tablec1Parameters derived from the ^12^CO, ^13^CO, and C^18^O (1-0) linesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalactic name (GLLL.ll+BB.bb)meta.id;meta.maincharv12COLSR velocity of the ^12^CO(1-0) linekm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrfloate_v12COrms uncertainty on v12COkm/sstat.errorfloatdv12CO^12^CO linewidthkm/sspect.line.widthfloate_dv12COrms uncertainty on dv12COkm/sstat.errorfloatTMB12COMain beam brightness temperature of the ^12^CO(1-0) transitionKphys.temperature;meta.mainfloate_TMB12COrms uncertainty on TMB12COKstat.errorfloatv13COLSR velocity of the ^13^CO(1-0) linekm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrfloate_v13COrms uncertainty on v13COkm/sstat.errorfloatdv13CO^13^CO linewidthkm/sspect.line.widthfloate_dv13COrms uncertainty on dv13COkm/sstat.errorfloatTMB13COMain beam brightness temperature of the ^13^CO(1-0) transitionKphys.temperature;meta.mainfloate_TMB13COrms uncertainty on TMB13COKstat.errorfloatvC18O? LSR velocity of the C^18^O(1-0) linekm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrfloatnullablee_vC18O? rms uncertainty on v13COkm/sstat.errorfloatnullabledvC18O? C^18^O linewidthkm/sspect.line.widthfloatnullablee_dvC18O? rms uncertainty on dvC18Okm/sstat.errorfloatnullableTMBC18O? Main beam brightness temperature of the C^18^O(1-0) transitionKphys.temperature;meta.mainfloatnullablee_TMBC18O? rms uncertainty on TMBC18OKstat.errorfloatnullableJ/A+A/684/A144/tablec2Derived parameters of CO linerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGalactic name (GLLL.ll+BB.bb)meta.id;meta.maincharTex(CO)Excitation temperature derived from CO linesKphys.atmol.excitationfloate_Tex(CO)rms uncertainty on Tex(CO)Kstat.errorfloattau(13CO)? Optical depth of ^13^COphys.absorption.opticalDepthfloatnullablee_tau(13CO)? rms uncertainty on tau(13CO)stat.errorfloatnullabletau(C18O)? Optical depth of C^18^Ophys.absorption.opticalDepthfloatnullablee_tau(C18O)? rms uncertainty on tau(C18O)stat.errorfloatnullableN(13CO)? ^13^CO column density N(13CO)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloatnullablee_N(13CO)? rms uncertainty on N(13CO)log(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullableN(C18O)? ^13^CO column density N(C18O)log(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloatnullablee_N(C18O)? rms uncertainty on N(C18O)log(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullableNH2(13CO)? Hydrogen column density derived from ^13C^O column densitylog(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloatnullablee_NH2(13CO)? rms uncertainty on NH2(13CO)log(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullableNH2(C18O)? Hydrogen column density derived from C^18^O column densitylog(cm**-2)phys.columnDensityfloatnullablee_NH2(C18O)? rms uncertainty on NH2(C18O)log(cm**-2)stat.errorfloatnullable