J/A+A/677/A117ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/677/A117doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36770117CDSSanchez-AlarconP.M.Roman J.Knapen J. H.Verdes-Montenegro L.,ComeronS.RichR. M.BeckmanJ.Argudo-FernandezM.,Ramirez-MoretaP.BlascoJ.E. Unda-SanzanaGarridoJ.,Sanchez-ExpositoS.2024-11-06T20:05:43Z2023-09-14T09:10:00ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveysgalaxiesvisible-astronomyIn the standard cosmological model of galaxy evolution, mergers and interactions play a fundamental role in shaping galaxies. Galaxies that are currently isolated are thus interesting, allowing us to distinguish between internal and external processes affecting the galactic structure. However, current observational limits may obscure crucial information in the low-mass or low-brightness regime. We use optical imaging of a subsample of the AMIGA catalogue of isolated galaxies to explore the impact of different factors on the structure of these galaxies. We study the type of disc break as a function of the degree of isolation and the presence of interaction indicators like tidal streams or plumes only detectable in the low surface brightness regime. We present deep optical imaging of a sample of 25 isolated galaxies. Through careful data processing and analysis techniques, the surface brightness limits achieved are comparable to those to be obtained on the 10-year LSST coadds. The extreme depth of our imaging allows us to study the interaction signatures of 20 galaxies, given that the presence of Galactic cirrus is a strong limiting factor in the characterisation of interactions for the remaining 5 of them. We detect previously unreported interaction features in 8 (40%) galaxies in our sample. We identify 9 galaxies (36%) showing an exponential disc (Type I), 14 galaxies (56%) with down-bending (Type II) profile and only 2 galaxies (8%) with up-bending (Type III) profiles. Isolated galaxies have considerably more purely exponential discs and fewer up-bending surface brightness profiles than field or cluster galaxies. We suggest that major mergers produce up-bending profiles while a threshold in star formation probably forms down-bending profiles. Unperturbed galaxies, evolving slowly with a low star formation rate could cause the high rate of Type I discs in isolated galaxies observed.2023A&A...677A.117Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/677/A117CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/82 : Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies (Karachentseva+ 1986)J/A+A/411/391 : AMIGA project Revised positions for CIG galaxies (Leon+ 2003)J/A+A/436/443 : AMIGA I. Velocities of CIG galaxies (Verdes-Montenegro+ 2005)J/A+A/560/A9 : AMIGA XII. Isolation degree (Argudo-Fernandez+, 2013)J/A+A/609/A17 : AMIGA XIII. HI properties (Jones+, 2018)http://amiga.iaa.es : AMIGA Home Pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/677/A117https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/677/A117http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/677/A117https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/677/A117https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/677/A117http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/677/A117GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/677/A117/tables (Details of observed with the its break information)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/677/A117/tables?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/677/A117/tables?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/677/A117/tables?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.63270806-0.737556110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/677/A117/list (List of fits images)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/677/A117/list?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/677/A117/list?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/677/A117/list?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true36.121961.841140.0055555555555555566/754 4138 4507 4931 4934 7289 9986 10167 10173 10507 10553 13489 13510 17775 17905 18069 18081 18084 18229 19282 19458 20000 22968 25960 26532-26533 27650 32308 32522https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/677/A117?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/677/A117/tablesDetails of observed with the its break informationNameCommon Galaxy Namemeta.idcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalaxyGalaxy CIG (Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies) Numbermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTelTelescope used (1)instr.setupcharBandFilter usedinstr.bandpasscharDepthDepth of the imagemag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sb;obs.imagefloatVradRadial velocity of the galaxy (3)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricintScalePixel scale of the imagearcsec**-1instr.scalefloatZPZero point of the imagemagarith.zpfloatzRedshift of the galaxysrc.redshiftdoubleExpTime? Total exposure timehtime.duration;obs.exposurefloatnullableFOVField of View of the imagedeg**2instr.offsetfloatBreak[I II III] Break type of the galaxy (2)meta.codecharBreakRad? Radius where the break occurskpcphys.size.radiusfloatnullablee_BreakRad? Error of BreakRadiuskpcstat.errorfloatnullableBreakMag? Surface Brightness where the break occursmag.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbfloatnullablee_BreakMag? Error of BreakMagmag.arcsec**-2stat.error;phot.magfloatnullableQ-Kar-p? Tidal strength estimate Q_Kar,p_ of similar-size neighbours (3)spect.line.widthfloatnullableeta-k-p? Local number density {eta}_k,p_ of similar-size neighbours (3)meta.number;phys.densityfloatnullableClassClassification of galaxy (4)meta.code.classcharplotShow the intensity profilemeta.ref.urlcharFileNameName of the surface brightness profile files in subdirectory profiles (5)meta.idcharJ/A+A/677/A117/listList of fits imagesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalaxyGalaxy CIG (Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies) Numbermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right Ascension of center (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination of center (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainNxNumber of pixels along X-axismeta.numberintNyNumber of pixels along Y-axismeta.numberintObs.dateObservation datestime.epoch;obsnullablesizeSize of FITS fileKibytephys.size;meta.fitsintFileNameName of FITS file, in subdirectory fitsmeta.id;meta.fitscharTitleTitle of the FITS filemeta.title;meta.fitschar