J/A+A/676/A24ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/676/A24doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36760024CDSEdler H.W.de Gasperin F.Shimwell T.W.Hardcastle M.J.Boselli A.,Heesen V.McCall H.Bomans D.J.Brueggen M.Bulbul E.Chyzy K.T.,Ignesti A.Merloni A.Pacaud F.Reiprich T.H.Roberts I.D.,Rottgering H.J.A.van Weeren R.J.2024-11-06T20:05:23Z2023-08-01T09:15:53ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxy-clustersradio-galaxiesradio-continuum-emissionThe Virgo cluster is the nearest (d=16.5Mpc) massive (M>=1*19^14^M_{sun}_) galaxy cluster and thus a prime target to study astrophysical processes in dense large-scale environments. In the radio band, we can probe the non-thermal components of the inter-stellar medium (ISM), intracluster-medium (ICM) and of active galactic nuclei (AGN). This allows an investigation of the impact of the environment on the evolution of galaxies and the contribution of AGN to the ICM-heating. With the ViCTORIA (Virgo Clustermulti-Telescope Observations in Radio of Interacting galaxies and AGN) project, we are carrying out multiple wide-field surveys of the Virgo cluster at different frequencies. We aim to investigate the impact of the environment on the evolution of galaxies and the contribution of AGN to the ICM-heating, from the inner cluster regions out to beyond the virial radius. We perform a survey of the cluster at 120-168MHz using the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR). We image a 132deg^2^ region of the cluster, reaching an order of magnitude greater sensitivity than existing wide-field radio surveys of this field at three times higher spatial resolution compared to other low-frequency observations. We developed a tailored data processing strategy to subtract the bright central radio galaxy M 87 from the data. This allowed us to correct for the systematic effects due to ionospheric variation as a function of time and direction. In the final mosaic with a resolution of 9"x5", we reach a median noise level of 140uJy/beam inside the virial radius and 280uJy/beam for the full area. We detect 112 Virgo member galaxies and 114 background galaxies. In at least 18 cases, the radio morphology of the cluster member galaxies shows clear signs of ram-pressure stripping. This includes three previously unreported candidates. In addition, we reveal for the first time 150kpc long tails from a previous epoch of AGN activity for NGC 4472 (M 49).While no cluster-scale diffuse radio sources are discovered, we find the presence of an extended radio signature of the W'-group. This feature is coincident with an X-ray filament detected with SRG/eROSITA in the outskirts of the cluster. We speculate that this emission is synchrotron radiation which could be related to shocks or turbulence from accretion processes. The data published in this paper serve as a valuable resource for future studies. In the follow-up work of the ViCTORIA project, we will rely on them for an analysis of environmental effects on the radio-properties of star-forming galaxies in Virgo.2023A&A...676A..24Ehttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/676/A24CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/AJ/90/1681 : The Virgo Cluster Catalog (VCC) (Binggeli+, 1985)J/ApJS/215/22 : The Extended Virgo Cluster Catalog (EVCC) (Kim+, 2014)J/A+A/570/A69 : GALEX Ultraviolet Virgo Cluster Survey. IV. (Boselli+, 2014)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/676/A24https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/676/A24http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/676/A24https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/676/A24https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/676/A24http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/676/A24GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/676/A24/table3 (Catalog of Virgo cluster galaxies detected at 144MHz in the LOFAR HBA Virgo cluster survey, members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true192.412615.16570.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/676/A24/table4 (Catalog of Virgo cluster galaxies detected at 144MHz in the LOFAR HBA Virgo cluster survey, background)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true183.282912.91820.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/676/A24/list (List of fits images)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/list?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/list?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/676/A24/list?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true193.0516413.24570.0055555555555555564/1735 1746 5/6584-6586 6590 6928-6929 6931-6932 6934 6937 6976 6978 6/26295 26300 26302-26303 26318 26331 26349-26353 26357-26358 26366-26367 26536 26538 26542 27670 27677 27721-27723 27733-27735 27741 27743 27745 27757 27857 27860-27861 27863 27909-27910 27917-27918 27922 27928 27930-27931 27953-27954 27960 27962 28032-28033 28035-28036 28038-28039 280489.54153977050123e-26 9.54153977050123e-26https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/676/A24?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/676/A24/table3Catalog of Virgo cluster galaxies detected at 144MHz in the LOFAR HBA Virgo cluster survey, membersSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableNGCID in the NGC catalogmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintVCC? ID in the Virgo Cluster Catalog (Binggeli et al., 1985AJ.....90.1681B, Cat. J/AJ/90/1681)meta.id;meta.mainintnullableICID in the IC catalogmeta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) in the optical catalog of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) in the optical catalog of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainMType1Primary morphology of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22src.morphcharrmagr-band magnitude of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatSlow144MHz flux density in the low-resolution imageJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.100-200MHzdoublee_SlowUncertainty of the 144 MHz flux densityJystat.errordoubleAreaRadio source areaarcsec**2phys.areaintDist? Distance (1)Mpcpos.distancefloatnullableL144144MHz spectral luminosityW/Hzphys.luminosity;em.radio.100-200MHzdoublee_L144Uncertainty on the 144MHz spectral luminosityW/Hzstat.errordoubleImghighFilename of high resolution image, in subdirectory fits, for membersmeta.id;meta.filecharImglowFilename of low resolution image, in subdirectory fits, for membersmeta.id;meta.filecharJ/A+A/676/A24/table4Catalog of Virgo cluster galaxies detected at 144MHz in the LOFAR HBA Virgo cluster survey, backgroundSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintVCC? ID in the Virgo Cluster Catalog (Binggeli et al., 1985AJ.....90.1681B, Cat. J/AJ/90/1681)meta.id;meta.mainintnullableNGCID in the NGC catalogmeta.idcharICID in the IC catalogmeta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) in the optical catalog of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) in the optical catalog of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainMType1Primary morphology of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22src.morphcharrmagr-band magnitude of Kim et al. (2014ApJS..215...22K, Cat. J/ApJS/215/22magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatSlow144MHz flux density in the low-resolution imageJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.100-200MHzdoublee_SlowUncertainty of the 144 MHz flux densityJystat.errordoubleAreaRadio source areaarcsec**2phys.areaintDist? Distance (1)Mpcpos.distancefloatnullableL144144MHz spectral luminosityW/Hzphys.luminosity;em.radio.100-200MHzdoublee_L144Uncertainty on the 144MHz spectral luminosityW/Hzstat.errordoubleImghighFilename of high resolution image, in subdirectory fits, for membersmeta.id;meta.filecharImglowFilename of low resolution image, in subdirectory fits, for membersmeta.id;meta.filecharJ/A+A/676/A24/listList of fits imagesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right Ascension of center (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination of center (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainNxNumber of pixels along X-axismeta.numberintNyNumber of pixels along Y-axismeta.numberintsizeSize of FITS fileKibytephys.size;meta.fitsintFileNameName of FITS file, in subdirectory fitsmeta.id;meta.fitscharTitleTitle of the FITS filemeta.title;meta.fitschar