J/A+A/676/A126ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/676/A126doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36760126CDSPopescu M.M.Vaduvescu O.de Leon J.de la Fuente Marcos C.,de la Fuente Marcos R.Stanescu M.O.Alarcon M.R.Serra Ricart M.,Licandro J.Bertesteanu D.Predatu M.Curelaru L.Barwell F.Jhass K.,Boldea C.Aznar Macias A.Hudin L.Dumitru B.A.,2024-11-28T20:04:38Z2023-08-23T07:51:11ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-systemasteroidsphotometryspectroscopyNear-Earth asteroids (NEAs) that may evolve into impactors deserve detailed threat assessment studies. Early physical characterization of a would-be impactor may help in optimizing impact mitigation plans. We first detected NEA 2023 DZ2 on 27 February 2023. After that, it was found to have a minimum orbit intersection distance (MOID) with Earth of 0.00005au as well as an unusually high initial probability of becoming a near-term (in 2026) impactor. We perform a rapid but consistent dynamical and physical characterization of 2023 DZ2 as an example of a key response to mitigating the consequences of a potential impact. We used a multi-pronged approach, drawing from various methods (observational-computational) and techniques (spectroscopy-photometry from multiple instruments), and bringing the data together to perform a rapid and robust threat assessment. The visible reflectance spectrum of 2023 DZ2 is consistent with that of an X-type asteroid. Light curves of this object obtained on two different nights give a rotation period P=6.2743+/-0.0005 min with an amplitude A=0.57+/-0.14mag. We confirm that although its MOID is among the smallest known, 2023 DZ2 will not impact Earth in the foreseeable future as a result of secular near-resonant behaviour. Our investigation shows that coordinated observation and interpretation of disparate data provides a robust approach from discovery to threat assessment when a virtual impactor is identified.2023A&A...676A.126Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/676/A126CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/676/A126https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/676/A126http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/676/A126https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/676/A126https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/676/A126http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/676/A126GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/A+A/676/A126/specphotTCS Spectro-photometric datarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPDesignAsteroid designation in the Minor Planet Center packed formatmeta.id;meta.maincharMDesignAsteroid temporary designationmeta.idcharUTstartStart of TCS observations, UT time, in the format YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSstime.epochnullableVmagApparent V magnitude of the asteroid at the start of observations, provided by JPL Horizonsmagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatmuDifferential rate of the asteroid at the start of observationsarcsec/minstat.fit.paramfloatrheliocHeliocentric distance at the start of observations, provided by JPL Horizonsaupos.distance;pos.heliocentricdoublergeoGeocentric distance at the start of observations, provided by JPL Horizonsaupos.distance;pos.geocentricdoubleRAdegRight ascension at the start of observations (UTstart), provided by JPL Horizonsdegpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEdegDeclination at the start of observations, (UTstart) provided by JPL Horizonsdegpos.eq.dec;meta.mainPhiPhase Angle at the start of observations, provided by JPL Horizonsdegsrc.orbitalfloatgTTObshTotal time of observation in g filterhtime.expofloatgNImagsNumber of exposure obtained with g filtermeta.numberintgMeanValAverage magnitude in g filtermagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatgErrPerObsPhotometric error per exposure in g filtermagmeta.numberfloatrTTObshTotal time of observation in r filterhtime.expofloatrNImagsNumber of exposure obtained with g filtermeta.numberintrMeanValAverage magnitude in r filtermagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatrErrPerObsPhotometric error per exposure in r filtermagmeta.numberfloatiTTObshTotal time of observation in i filterhtime.expofloatiNImagsNumber of exposure obtained with i filtermeta.numberintiMeanValAverage magnitude in i filtermagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatiErrPerObsPhotometric error per exposure in i filtermagmeta.numberfloatzTTObshTotal time of observation in z_s_ filterhtime.expofloatzNImagsNumber of exposure obtained with z_s_ filtermeta.numberintzMeanValAverage magnitude in z_s_ filtermagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatzErrPerObsPhotometric error per exposure in z_s_ filtermagmeta.numberfloatg-r(g-r) median color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rfloate_g-r(g-r) median color errormagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.Bdoubler-i(r-i) median color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.R;em.opt.Ifloate_r-i(r-i) median color errormagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.Rfloati-z(i-z_s) median color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.I;em.opt.Ifloate_i-z(i-z_s) median color errormagstat.errordoubleKNN-tax[X] Taxonomic classification using KNN algorithmmeta.code.classcharKNN-prob[1] Probability for the taxonomic class assigned using KNNstat.fit.goodnessintRF-tax[X] Taxonomic classification using RF algorithmmeta.code.classcharRF-prob[0.999] Probability for the taxonomic class assigned using RFstat.fit.goodnessfloatFinal-tax[X] Assigned taxonomic classificationmeta.code.classcharJ/A+A/676/A126/spectrumGTC visible spectroscopy (2023/03/20)e_ReflectReflectance errorstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambdaWavelength in micronsumem.wlfloatReflectReflectance, normalized at 0.55 micronsphys.albedofloatJ/A+A/676/A126/phot-073Lightcurve obtained by 073 ObservatoryJDJulian Daydtime.epochdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintmagApparent magnitudemagphot.magfloate_magApparent magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatJ/A+A/676/A126/phot-l04Lightcurve obtained by L04 ObservatoryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJDJulian Daydtime.epochdoublemagApparent magnitudemagphot.magfloate_magApparent magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatJ/A+A/676/A126/phot-295Lightcurve obtained by 073 ObservatorymagApparent magnitudemagphot.magfloate_magApparent magnitude errormagstat.error;phot.magfloatJDJulian Daydtime.epochdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint