J/A+A/671/L8ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/671/L8doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36719008CDSBonfanti A.Gandolfi D.Egger J.A.Fossati L.Cabrera J.Krenn A.,Alibert Y.Benz W.Billot N.Floren H.-G.Lendl M.Adibekyan V.,Salmon S.Santos N.C.Sousa S.G.Wilson T.G.Barragan O.,Collier Cameron A.Delrez L.Esposito M.Goffo E.Osborne H.,Osborn H.P.Serrano L.M.Van Eylen V.Alarcon J.Alonso R.Anglada G.,Barczy T.Barrado Navascues D.Barros S.C.C.Baumjohann W.Beck M.,Beck T.Bedell M.Bonfils X.Borsato L.Brandeker A.Broeg C.,Charnoz S.Corral Van Damme C.Csizmadia Sz.Cubillos P.E.Davies M.B.,Deleuil M.Demangeon O.D.S.Demory B.-O.Ehrenreich D.Erikson A.,Fortier A.Fridlund M.Gillon M.Guedel M.Hoyer S.Isaak K.G.,Kerschbaum F.Kiss L.L.Laskar J.Lecavelier des Etangs A.,Lorenzo-Oliveira D.Lovis C.Magrin D.Marafatto L.Maxted P.F.L.,Melendez J.Mordasini C.Nascimbeni V.Olofsson G.Ottensamer R.,Pagano I.Palle E.Peter G.Piazza D.Piotto G.Pollacco D.Queloz D.,Ragazzoni R.Rando N.Rauer H.Ribas I.Scandariato G.Segransan D.,Simon A.E.Smith A.M.S.Steller M.Szabo Gy.M.Thomas N.Udry S.,Ulmer B.Van Grootel V.Venturini J.Walton N.A.2024-11-06T20:03:20Z2023-03-08T08:41:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsphotometryvisible-astronomyTOI-1055 is a Sun-like star known to host a transiting Neptune-sized planet on a 17.5-day orbit (TOI-1055 b). Radial velocity (RV) analyses carried out by two independent groups using nearly the same set of HARPS spectra have provided measurements of planetary masses that differ by ~2{sigma}. Our aim in this work is to solve the inconsistency in the published planetary masses by significantly extending the set of HARPS RV measurements and employing a new analysis tool that is able to account and correct for stellar activity. Our further aim was to improve the precision on measurements of the planetary radius by observing two transits of the planet with the CHEOPS space telescope. We fit a skew normal function to each cross correlation function extracted from the HARPS spectra to obtain RV measurements and hyperparameters to be used for the detrending. We evaluated the correlation changes of the hyperparameters along the RV time series using the breakpoint technique. We performed a joint photometric and RV analysis using a Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme to simultaneously detrend the light curves and the RV time series. We firmly detected the Keplerian signal of TOI-1055 b, deriving a planetary mass of Mb=20.4_-2.5_^+2.6^M_{Earth}_ (~12%). This value is in agreement with one of the two estimates in the literature, but it is significantly more precise. Thanks to the TESS transit light curves combined with exquisite CHEOPS photometry, we also derived a planetary radius of Rb=3.490_-0.064^+0.070^R_{Earth}_ (~1.9%). Our mass and radius measurements imply a mean density of {rho}b=2.65_-0.35_^+0.37^g/cm^-3^ (~14%). We further inferred the planetary structure and found that TOI-1055 b is very likely to host a substantial gas envelope with a mass of 0.41_-0.20_^+0.34^M_{Earth}_ and a thickness of 1.05_-0.29_^+0.30^R_{Earth}_. Our RV extraction combined with the breakpoint technique has played a key role in the optimal removal of stellar activity from the HARPS time series, enabling us to solve the tension in the planetary mass values published so far for TOI-1055 b.2023A&A...671L...8Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/671/L8CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/671/L8https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/671/L8http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/671/L8https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/671/L8https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/671/L8http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/671/L8GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/671/L8/dtg12301Detrended TG12301 light curveBJDBarycentric Julain date (BJD-2450000)dtime.epochdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNFluxNormalised fluxphot.fluxdoublee_NFluxNormalised flux errorstat.errordoubleJ/A+A/671/L8/dtg12302Detrended TG12302 light curverecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julain date (BJD-2450000)dtime.epochdoubleNFluxNormalised fluxphot.fluxdoublee_NFluxNormalised flux errorstat.errordoubleJ/A+A/671/L8/lc12301TG012301 light curverecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTimeUTC time, middle of the measurements (UTC_TIME)stime.epochnullableMJDModified Julian Day, middle of the measurements (MJD_TIME)dtime.epochdoubleBJDBarycentric date, middle of measurements (BJD_TIME)dtime.epochdoubleFluxStar flux measurement, corresponding to time measurements (FLUX)phot.flux.density;em.optdoublee_FluxError on the star flux measurement, corresponding to time measurements (FLUXERR)stat.error;phot.fluxdoubleStatus[0/1] Flags indicating the status of the measurements (STATUS)meta.code.errorintEventFlags indicating the possible events that might be of bad quality (EVENT)meta.codeintDarkDark light curve (DARK)phot.flux.density;em.optfloatBckgBackground light curve (BACKGROUND)phot.flux.density;em.optdoubleContaLCContamination of the target, corresponding to time measurements (CONTA_LC)phot.flux.density;em.optdoublee_ContaLCContamination error for the target, corresponding to time measurements (CONTA_LC_ERR)stat.errordoubleSmearLCSmearing of the target, corresponding to time measurements (SMEARING_LC)stat.fit.paramfloatRollAngleComputed mean roll angle of the CCD (i.e. of th (ROLL_ANGLE)deginstr.offsetdoubleCentXcalculated X position of target on CCD [SOC coo (CENTROID_X)pixpos.cartesian.x;instr.detfloatLocX[280] intended X position of target on CCD [SOC coordinates] (LOCATION_X)pixpos.cartesian.x;instr.detintLocY[828] intended Y position of target on CCD [SOC coordinates] (LOCATION_Y)pixpos.cartesian.y;instr.detintCentYcalculated Y position of target on CCD [SOC coo (CENTROID_Y)pixpos.cartesian.y;instr.detfloatJ/A+A/671/L8/lc12302TG012302 light curveDarkDark light curve (DARK)phot.flux.density;em.optfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. 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