J/A+A/671/A157ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/671/A157doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36710157CDSHocde V.Smolec R.Moskalik P.Ziolkowska O.Singh Rathour R.2023-12-21T16:00:06Z2023-03-17T09:32:15ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxymagellanic-cloudsvariable-starsmetallicityvisible-astronomyEstimating the metallicity of classical Cepheids is of prime importance for studying metallicity effects on stellar evolution and the chemical evolution of galaxies, as well as on the period-luminosity relation used on the extragalactic distance scale. Our first aim is to establish new empirical relations for estimating the iron content of classical Cepheids for short and long periods based on Fourier parameters from the V- and I-band light curves. We go on to apply these relations to Cepheids from data on the Milky Way (MW) as well as the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds (SMC and LMC) from the literature. We retrieved the metallicities of 586 fundamental-mode Cepheids from spectroscopic determinations in the literature and we found well-sampled light curves for 545 of them in different V-band catalogs. We then described the shape of these light curves by applying a Fourier decomposition and we fit the empirical relations between the Fourier parameters and the spectroscopic metallicities individually, for short-period (2.5<P<6.3-days) and long-period Cepheids (12<P<40-days). We verified the accuracy of these relations by applying them to V-band light curves of Cepheids from the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds and comparing these derived metallicities to literature values. We calibrated new interrelations of Fourier parameters to convert these empirical relations into the I band. We then used these I-band relations to derive the metallicity of fundamental-mode Cepheids from OGLE-IV for MW, SMC, and LMC (486, 695, and 1697 stars, respectively). Finally, we mapped the metallicity distribution in these galaxies for the purpose of investigating potential applications in galactic archeology. For short-period Cepheids, our best fit is given for a relation based on explicit amplitude terms A_1_ and A_2_ of the first and second harmonic, respectively. In the V and I bands, these empirical relations are found with an intrinsic scatter (rms) of 0.12dex. This relation performs well for estimations of [Fe/H] between about -0.5 and 0.1dex, but it remains uncertain outside this range because of the lack of a spectroscopic metallicity required for the calibration. For long-period Cepheids, we found a metallicity dependence on the Fourier parameters A_1_, phi_21_, and R_41_. We found an intrinsic scatter of 0.25dex when using this relation. The empirical relations in the V and I bands allow us to derive the mean metallicity of a sample of MW, SMC, and LMC Cepheids that is in agreement with literature values within 1{sigma}. We also show that these relations are precise enough to reconstruct the radial metallicity gradients within the MW from OGLE data. The empirical relations in the V and I bands that are calibrated in this work for short- and long-period Cepheids provide a useful new tool for estimating the metallicity of Cepheids that are not accessible via spectroscopy. The calibration can be improved with further high-resolution spectroscopic observations of metal-poor Cepheids and homogeneous photometries in the V and I bands.2023A&A...671A.157Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/671/A157CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/671/A157https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/671/A157http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/671/A157https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/671/A157https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/671/A157http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/671/A157GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/671/A157/tablea1 (Calibration the V-band empirical 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curves)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/671/A157/tablea3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/671/A157/tablea3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/671/A157/tablea3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true68.8813333-69.73494440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/671/A157/tablea4 (Metallicity estimations of 695 SMC Cepheids from OGLE I-band light curves)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/671/A157/tablea4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/671/A157/tablea4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/671/A157/tablea4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.6685-73.51683330.0055555555555555564/2068 2333 5/8261 8263 8269 8276 8278-8281 8284 8323 8326 8329 8448 9311 9341 9429-9430 9473 9480 9482 9807 9841 10414 10418 10538 10754 6/1331 1340 1348 1388 1402 1411 1426 1429 1431-1432 1441 1445 1467 1625 1765 1824 1829 1836 1858 1935 1985 3000 3005 3033 3045 3050 3052 3054 3059-3060 3070 3157 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Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharSourceV-band light curve reference (1)meta.notecharPeriodPeriod derived using Lomb-Scargled methoddtime.periodfloat[Fe/H]High-resolution spectroscopy scaled to solar abundance A(Fe)=7.50phys.abundfloatRefReference of [Fe/H] value (2)meta.ref;phys.abund.FecharA1Amplitude of the first harmonic from Fourier decompositionmagphot.magfloatphi21Fourier phase phi21=phi2-2phi1radstat.Fourierfloatphi31Fourier phase phi31=phi3-3phi1radstat.Fourierfloatphi41Fourier phase phi41=phi4-4phi1radstat.FourierfloatR21Amplitude ratio R21=A2/A1src.var.amplitude;arith.ratiofloatR31Amplitude ratio R31=A3/A1src.var.amplitude;arith.ratiofloatR41Amplitude ratio R41=A4/A1src.var.amplitude;arith.ratiofloatSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablesigmaFourier fit uncertainty of the V-bandmagstat.errorfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/671/A157/tablea2Metallicity estimations of 486 MW Cepheids from OGLE I-band (Galactic Disk + Bulge)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. 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