J/A+A/669/A22ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/669/A22doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36690022CDSPelayo-Baldarrago M.E.Sicilia-Aguilar A.Fang M.Roccatagliata V.,Kim J.S.Garcia-Alvarez D.2024-11-28T20:01:48Z2022-12-22T16:24:01ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frh-ii-regionspre-main-sequence-starsspectroscopyvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionsWe investigate the star formation history of the IC1396 region by studying its kinematics and completing the population census. We use multiwavelength data, combining optical spectroscopy (to identify and classify new members), near-infrared photometry (to trace shocks, jets, and outflows and the interactions between the cluster members and the cloud), along with Gaia EDR3 to identify new potential members in the multidimensional proper motion/parallax space. The revised Gaia EDR3 distance is 925+/-73pc, slightly closer than previously obtained with DR2. The Gaia data reveal four distinct subclusters in the region. These subclusters are consistent in distance but display differences in proper motion. This, with their age differences, hints towards a complex and varied star formation history. Gaia data also unveil the intermediate-mass objects that tend to evade spectroscopic and disk surveys. Our analysis allows us to identify 334 new members. We estimate an average age of ~4Myr, confirming previous age estimates. With the new members added to our study, we estimate a disk fraction of 28%, lower than previous values, due to our method detecting mainly new, diskless intermediate-mass stars. We find age differences between the subclusters, which evidences a complex star formation history with different episodes of star formation.2023A&A...669A..22Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/669/A22CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/669/A22https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/669/A22http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/669/A22https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/669/A22https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/669/A22http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/669/A22GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/669/A22/tablea1 (Total collection of known members from the literature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true323.5407188957.498640.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/669/A22/tabled1 (Subcluster probabilities for known members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tabled1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tabled1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tabled1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true323.8178357.472808060.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/669/A22/tablee1 (New members found from the Mahalanobis distance analysis, using the Gaia EDR3)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tablee1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tablee1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A22/tablee1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true326.06313559.360206110.0055555555555555565/3869 3871 6/15454-15455 15473 15475 15481 15483 15626 15648 15650 15656https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/669/A22?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/669/A22/tablea1Total collection of known members from the literaturerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaEDR3? Gaia EDR3 number identifiermeta.id;meta.mainnullableRA_ICRSRight Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (1)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (1)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRefReferences (bibcode)meta.refcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/A+A/669/A22/tabled1Subcluster probabilities for known membersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainplxParallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxUncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRAProper motion in Right Ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRAUncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in Declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDEUncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatRUWEThe Re-normalized Unit Weight Error (1)stat.errorfloatPA[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to A subcluster (2)%statfloatPB[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to B subcluster (2)%statfloatPC[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to C subcluster (2)%statfloatPD[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to D subcluster (2)%statfloatPE[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to E subcluster (2)%statfloatPF[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to F subcluster (2)%statfloatPG[0/1] Probability of a source to belong to G subcluster (2)%statfloatSubclusterSubcluster to which the source belongsmeta.id.parentcharMembMembership (3)meta.code.membercharRefsReferences of previous studies (4)meta.ref;pos.framecharGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 number identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedJ/A+A/669/A22/tablee1New members found from the Mahalanobis distance analysis, using the Gaia EDR3pmRAProper motion in Right Ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRAUncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in Declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDEUncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaEDR3Gaia EDR3 number identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainRUWEThe Re-normalized Unit Weight Error (1)stat.errorfloatPA? Probability of a source to belong to A subcluster (2)%statfloatnullablePB? Probability of a source to belong to B subcluster (2)%statfloatnullablePE? Probability of a source to belong to E subcluster (2)%statfloatnullablePF? Probability of a source to belong to F subcluster (2)%statfloatnullableSubclusterSubcluster to which the source belongsmeta.id.parentcharDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainplxParallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxUncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloat