J/A+A/669/A124ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/669/A124doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36690124CDSHarre J.-V.Smith A.M.S.Barros S.C.C.Boue G.Csizmadia Sz.,Ehrenreich D.Floren H.-G.Fortier A.Maxted P.F.L.Hooton M.J.,Akinsanmi B.Serrano L.M.Rosario N.M.Demory B.-O.Jones K.,Laskar J.Adibekyan V.Alibert Y.Alonso R.Anderson D.R.Anglada G.,Asquier J.Barczy T.Barrado y Navascues D.Baumjohann W.Beck M.,Beck T.Benz W.Billot N.Biondi F.Bonfanti A.Bonfils X.,Brandeker A.Broeg C.Cabrera J.Cessa V.Charnoz S.,Collier Cameron A.Davies M.B.Deleuil M.Delrez L.Demangeon O.D.S.,Erikson A.Fossati L.Fridlund M.Gandolfi D.Gillon M.Guedel M.,Hellier C.Heng K.Hoyer S.Isaak K.G.Kiss L.L.,Lecavelier des Etangs A.Lendl M.Lovis C.Luntzer A.Magrin D.,Nascimbeni V.Olofsson G.Ottensamer R.Pagano I.Palle E.,Persson C.M.Peter G.Piotto G.Pollacco D.Queloz D.Ragazzoni R.,Rando N.Rauer H.Ribas I.Ricker G.R.Salmon S.Santos N.C.,Scandariato G.Seager S.Segransan D.Simon A.E.Sousa S.G.,Steller M.Szabo Gy.M.Thomas N.Udry S.Ulmer B.Van Grootel V.,Walton N.A.Wilson T.G.Winn J.N.Wohler B.2024-11-06T20:02:07Z2023-01-23T07:54:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsphotometryTidal orbital decay is suspected to occur especially for hot Jupiters, with the only observationally confirmed case of this being WASP-12 b. By examining this effect, information on the properties of the host star can be obtained using the so-called stellar modified tidal quality factor Q_*_', which describes the efficiency with which kinetic energy of the planet is dissipated within the star. This can help to get information about the interior of the star. In this study, we aim to improve constraints on the tidal decay of the KELT-9, KELT-16 and WASP-4 systems, to find evidence for or against the presence of this particular effect. With this, we want to constrain each star's respective Q_*_' value. In addition to that, we also aim to test the existence of the transit timing variations (TTVs) in the HD 97658 system, which previously favoured a quadratic trend with increasing orbital period. Making use of newly acquired photometric observations from CHEOPS (CHaracterising ExOplanet Satellite) and TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite), combined with archival transit and occultation data, we use MCMC (Markov chain Monte Carlo) algorithms to fit three models, a constant period model, an orbital decay model, and an apsidal precession model, to the data. We find that the KELT-9 system is best described by an apsidal precession model for now, with an orbital decay trend at over 2{sigma} being a possible solution as well. A Keplerian orbit model with a constant orbital period fits the transit timings of KELT-16 b the best due to the scatter and scale of their error bars. The WASP-4 system is represented the best by an orbital decay model at a 5{sigma} significance, although apsidal precession cannot be ruled out with the present data. For HD 97658 b, using recently acquired transit observations, we find that a weak quadratic trend with a 1{sigma} deviation from a linear ephemeris describes the data best, ruling out a previously suspected strong quadratic trend.2023A&A...669A.124Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/669/A124CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/666/A118 : KELT-9b light curves (Jones+, 2022)J/AcA/68/371 : WASP and KELT planet transits (Maciejewski+, 2018)J/MNRAS/509/1447 : Light curves of KELT-16 (Mancini+, 2022)J/ApJ/786/2 : Spitzer photometric time series of HD 97658J/AJ/159/239 : Transmission Spectroscopy Metric of exoplanets (Guo+, 2020)J/MNRAS/514/77 : CHEOPS Early Science observations (Maxted+, 2022)https://exofop.ipac.caltech.edu/tess/target.php?id=16740101 : Gaudi+17 lighthttps://osf.io/p298n/ : ExoClock datahttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/669/A124https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/669/A124http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/669/A124https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/669/A124https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/669/A124http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/669/A124GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/669/A124/stars (List of studied stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A124/stars?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A124/stars?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/669/A124/stars?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true307.859791739.93883330.0055555555555555566/13250 14667 28400 46437https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/669/A124?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/669/A124/starsList of studied starsNameSystem namemeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Simbad right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Simbad declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainLCShow the light curvesmeta.ref.urlcharJ/A+A/669/A124/transitsRaw and detrended photometry of all four systemsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSystem namemeta.id;meta.maincharTrnumTransit numbermeta.idintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (TDB, BJD-2450000)dtime.epochdoubleFluxNormalized fluxphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_FluxNormalized flux errorstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleExpTimeExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposurefloatRollRoll angle of the satellitedegsrc.orbitaldoubleFluxcorNormalized corrected flux from TLCMphot.flux;arith.ratiodoubleJ/A+A/669/A124/ttsTransit timings for all four systems (tables 4 + 6 + 7 + B1)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSystem namemeta.id;meta.maincharBJDMid-transit time (TDB, BJD-2450000)dtime.epochdoublee_BJDMid-transit time errordstat.errordoubleEpochEpoch of transit from reference epochtime.epochintSourceSource of light curve or timing (G1)meta.bibcharJ/A+A/669/A124/otsOccultation timings for KELT-9 (table 5)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSystem namemeta.id;meta.maincharBJDMid-occultation time (TDB, BJD-2450000)dtime.epochdoublee_BJDMid-occultation time errordstat.errordoubleEpochEpoch of occultation from reference epochtime.epochfloatSourceSource of light curve or timing (G1)meta.bibchar