J/A+A/662/A71ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/662/A71doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36620071CDSFerrais M.Jorda L.Vernazza P.Carry B.Broz M.Rambaux N.Hanus J.,Dudzinski G.Bartczak P.Vachier F.Aristidi E.Beck P.Marchis F.,Marsset M.Viikinkoski M.Fetick R.Drouard A.Fusco T.Birlan M.,Podlewska-Gaca E.Burbine T.H.Dyar M.D.Bendjoya P.Benkhaldoun Z.,Berthier J.Castillo-Rogez J.Cipriani F.Colas F.Dumas C.Durech J.,Fauvaud S.Grice J.Jehin E.Kaasalainen M.Kryszczynska A.Lamy P.,Le Coroller H.Marciniak A.Michalowski T.Michel P.Prieur J.-L,Reddy V.Rivet J.-P.Santana-Ros T.Scardia M.Tanga P.Vigan A.,Witasse O.Yang B.2022-11-25T13:17:43Z2022-06-20T11:51:59ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-systemasteroidsgalaxy-classification-systemsAsteroid (22) Kalliope is the second largest M-type asteroid in the main belt and is orbited by a satellite, Linus. Whereas the mass of Kalliope is already well constrained thanks to the presence of a moon, its volume is still poorly known, leading to uncertainties on its bulk density and internal structure. We aim at refining the shape of (22) Kalliope and thus its diameter and bulk density, as well as the orbit of its moon to better constrain its mass, hence density and internal structure. We acquired disk-resolved observations of (22) Kalliope using the VLT/SPHERE/ZIMPOL instrument to reconstruct its three-dimensional (3D) shape using three different modeling techniques. These images were also used together with new speckle observations at the C2PU/PISCO instrument as well as archival images from other large ground-based telescopes to refine the orbit of Linus. The volume of (22) Kalliope given by the shape models, corresponding to D=150+/-5km, and the mass constrained by its satellite's orbit yield a density of {rho}=4.40+/-0.46g/cm^3^. This high density potentially makes (22) Kalliope the densest known small body in the solar system. A macroporosity in the 10-25% range (as expected for such mass/size), implies a grain density in the 4.8-5.9g/cm^3^ range. Kalliope's high bulk density, along with its silicate-rich surface implied by its low radar albedo, implies a differentiated interior with metal contributing to most of the mass of the body. Kalliope's high metal content (40-60%) along with its metal-poor mantle makes it the smallest known Mercury-like body. A large impact at the origin of the formation of the moon Linus is likely the cause of its high metal content and density.2022A&A...662A..71Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/662/A71CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/618/A154 : (89) Julia SPHERE/ZIMPOL images (Vernazza+, 2018)J/A+A/619/L3 : (16) Psyche images (Viikinkoski+, 2018)J/A+A/623/A6 : Vesta VLT/SPHERE/ZIMPOL images (Fetick+, 2019)J/A+A/623/A132 : (41) Daphne SPHERE/ZIMPOL images (Carry+, 2019)J/A+A/624/A121 : (7) Iris Deconvolved disk-resolved images (Hanus+, 2019)J/A+A/633/A65 : (704) Interamnia images (Hanus+, 2020)J/A+A/638/L15 : (16) Psyche. VLT/SPHERE images & shape models (Ferrais+, 2020)J/A+A/641/A80 : (31) Euphrosyne R-band images (Yang+, 2020)J/A+A/650/A129 : (87) Sylvia SPHERE images (Carry+, 2021)J/A+A/653/A57 : (216) Kleopatra images (Marchis+, 2021)http://astro.troja.mff.cuni.cz/projects/asteroids3D/web.php : DAMIT Home Pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/662/A71https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/662/A71http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/662/A71https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/662/A71https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/662/A71http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/662/A71GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/662/A71/list (List of fits images)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/662/A71/list?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/662/A71/list?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/662/A71/list?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true200.303629.627030.0055555555555555566/26518 27906 27908 28842 28848 42836https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/662/A71?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/662/A71/spadamSpin parameter of the ADAM modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLongPEcliptic longitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.londoubleLatPEcliptic latitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.latfloatPeriodSidereal rotation periodhtime.perioddoublet0Reference epoch (Julian date, JD)dmeta.ref;time.epochdoublephi0Initial rotation angle for t0degpos.posAngfloatJ/A+A/662/A71/spmpadamSpin parameter of the MPCD-ADAM modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLongPEcliptic longitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.londoubleLatPEcliptic latitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.latfloatPeriodSidereal rotation periodhtime.perioddoublet0Reference epoch (Julian date, JD)dmeta.ref;time.epochdoublephi0Initial rotation angle for t0degpos.posAngfloatJ/A+A/662/A71/spmpsageSpin parameter of the MPCD-SAGE modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLongPEcliptic longitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.londoubleLatPEcliptic latitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.latfloatPeriodSidereal rotation periodhtime.perioddoublet0Reference epoch (Julian date, JD)dmeta.ref;time.epochdoublephi0Initial rotation angle for t0degpos.posAngfloatJ/A+A/662/A71/spsageSpin parameter of the SAGE modelrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLongPEcliptic longitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.londoubleLatPEcliptic latitude of the pole (J2000)degpos.ecliptic.latfloatPeriodSidereal rotation periodhtime.perioddoublet0Reference epoch (Julian date, JD)dmeta.ref;time.epochdoublephi0Initial rotation angle for t0degpos.posAngfloatJ/A+A/662/A71/listList of fits imagesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right Ascension of center (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination of center (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainscaleScale of the imagearcsec/pixinstr.scaledoubleNxNumber of pixels along X-axismeta.numberintNyNumber of pixels along Y-axismeta.numberintObs.dateObservation datestime.epoch;obsnullablesizeSize of FITS fileKibytephys.size;meta.fitsintFileNameName of FITS file, in subdirectory fitsmeta.id;meta.fitschar