J/A+A/657/A53ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/657/A53doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36570053CDSBohn A.J.Ginski C.Kenworthy M.A.Mamajek E.E.Meshkat T.Pecaut M.J.,Reggiani M.Seay C.R.Brown A.G.A.Cugno G.Henning T.Launhardt R.,Quirrenbach A.Rickman E.L.Segransan D.2022-03-17T14:41:58Z2022-01-07T07:59:56ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starspre-main-sequence-starsk-starsThe detection of low-mass companions to stellar hosts is important for testing the formation scenarios of these systems. Companions at wide separations are particularly intriguing objects as they are easily accessible for variability studies of the rotational dynamics and cloud coverage of these brown dwarfs or planetary-mass objects. We aim to identify new low-mass companions to young stars using the astrometric measurements provided by the Gaia space mission. When possible, we use high-contrast imaging data collected with VLT/SPHERE. We identified companion candidates from a sample of K-type, pre-main-sequence stars in the Scorpius Centaurus association using the early version of the third data release of the Gaia space mission. Based on the provided positions, proper motions, and magnitudes, we identified all objects within a predefined radius, whose differential proper motions are consistent with a gravitationally bound system. As the ages of our systems are known, we derived companion masses through comparison with evolutionary tracks. For seven identified companion candidates we used additional data collected with VLT/SPHERE and VLT/NACO to assess the accuracy of the properties of the companions based on Gaia photometry alone. We identify 110 comoving companions that have a companionship likelihood of more than 95%. Further color-magnitude analysis confirms their Sco-Cen membership. We identify ten especially intriguing companions that have masses in the brown dwarf regime down to 20M_{Jup}_. Our high-contrast imaging data confirm both astrometry and photometric masses derived from Gaia alone. We discovered a new brown dwarf companion, TYC 8252-533-1 B, with a projected separation of approximately 570au from its Sun-like primary. It is likely to be located outside the debris disk around its primary star and SED modeling of Gaia, SPHERE, and NACO photometry provides a companion mass of 52^+17^_-11_M_{Jup}_. We show that the Gaia database can identify low-mass companions at wide separations from their host stars. For K-type Sco-Cen members, Gaia can detect sub-stellar objects at projected separations larger than 300au and with a sensitivity limit beyond 1000 and a lower mass limit down to 20M_{Jup}_. A similar analysis of other star-forming regions could significantly enlarge the sample size of such objects and facilitate testing of the formation and evolution theories of planetary systems.2022A&A...657A..53Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/657/A53CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/461/794 : Scorpius-Centaurus K-Type Stars (Pecaut+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/657/A53https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/657/A53http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/657/A53https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/657/A53https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/657/A53http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/657/A53GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/657/A53/tablec1 (Identifiers and properties of all identified candidate companions to K type Sco-Cen members from Pecaut & Mamajek (2016).)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/657/A53/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/657/A53/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/657/A53/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true157.9045833-69.03297220.0055555555555555566/29348 37179 37222 37237 37892 37968 38255 41530 41569 41603 41643 41658 41664 41821 41827 41880 41917 41949 41963 42171 42223 42402 42512 42521 42611 42613-42614 42620 42635 42658 42663 42683 42700 42727-42729 42735-42736 42739 42792 42808-42809 42858 42886 42900-42901 42912 42931-42933 42941 42957 42964 42968 42977 42980 42982 42984 42986 42988 42992 42994 43031 43040 43065 43068 43113 43137 43152 43158 43161-43162 43164 43167 43169 43171 43182 43187 43192-43193 43196 43203 43206-43207 43219 43227 43258 43287 43304 43308 43341 43355 43392 43411 43435 43446 43461 43520 43532 43535 43553 43555 44055 44063 44080-44081 44083 44106 44111 44113-44114 44121 44129 44146 44297 44308 44311-44312 44337 44352-44353 44356 44359 44361 44365 44378-44379 44391 44397 44400-44402 444081.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/657/A53?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/657/A53/tablec1Identifiers and properties of all identified candidate companions to K type Sco-Cen members from Pecaut & Mamajek (2016).recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2MASS1Primary 2MASS identifier, 2MASSJHHMMSSss+DDMMSSsmeta.idcharGaia1Primary Gaia EDR3 identifiermeta.id.part;meta.mainPlx1Primary parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloate_Plx1Primary parallax uncertaintymasstat.errorfloatAge1Primary ageMyrtime.ageintMass1Primary masssolMassphys.massfloatGaia2Secondary Gaia EDR3 identifiermeta.id.part;meta.mainSepAngular separation (arcsec)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatSepauAngular separation (au)aupos.angDistanceintDpmRADifferential proper motion RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.ra;arith.difffloate_DpmRADifferential proper motion uncertainty RAmas/yrstat.errorfloatDpmDEDifferential proper motion DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.dec;arith.difffloate_DpmDEDifferential proper motion uncertainty DEmas/yrstat.errorfloatGmag2Secondary G-band magnitude (Gaia EDR3)magphot.mag;em.optfloat(GBP-GRP)2? Secondary GBP-GRP color (Gaia EDR3)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_(GBP-GRP)2? Secondary GBP-GRP color uncertainty (Gaia EDR3)magstat.errorfloatnullableMass2Secondary mass(1.898187x10+27kg)phys.massfloate_Mass2? Secondary mass uncertainty(1.898187x10+27kg)stat.errorfloatnullablevproj/vmaxRatio of differential projected velocity and maximal allowed velocity for a bound orbit between primary and secondaryphys.velocfloate_vproj/vmaxLower uncertainty of the ratio of differential projected velocity and maximal allowed velocity for a bound orbit between primary and secondarystat.errorfloatE_vproj/vmaxUpper uncertainty of the ratio of differential projected velocity and maximal allowed velocity for a bound orbit between primary and secondarystat.error;stat.maxfloatpCCompanionship probability%statfloat_RAPosition fron 2MASS1 name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition fron 2MASS1 name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main