J/A+A/656/A113ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/656/A113doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36560113CDSAmarsi A.M.Grevesse N.Asplund M.Collet R.2022-09-30T20:59:12Z2021-12-09T09:32:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frthe-sunspectroscopychemical-abundancesCarbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are the fourth, sixth, and third most abundant elements in the Sun. Their abundances remain hotly debated due to the so-called solar modelling problem that has persisted for almost 20 years. We revisit this issue by presenting a homogeneous analysis of 408 molecular lines across 12 diagnostic groups, observed in the solar intensity spectrum. Using a realistic 3D radiative-hydrodynamic model solar photosphere and local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) line formation, we find log{epsilon}C=8.47+/-0.02, log{epsilon}N=7.89+/-0.04, and log{epsilon}O=8.70+/-0.04. The stipulated uncertainties mainly reflect the sensitivity of the results to the model atmosphere; this sensitivity is correlated between the different diagnostic groups, which all agree with the mean result to within 0.03dex. For carbon and oxygen, the molecular results are in excellent agreement with our 3D non-LTE analyses of atomic lines. For nitrogen, however, the molecular indicators give a 0.12dex larger abundance than the atomic indicators, and our best estimate of the solar nitrogen abundance is given by the mean: 7.83dex. The solar oxygen abundance advocated here is close to our earlier determination of 8.69dex, and so the present results do not significantly alleviate the solar modelling problem.2021A&A...656A.113Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/656/A113CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/656/A113https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/656/A113http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/656/A113https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/656/A113https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/656/A113http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/656/A113GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/A+A/656/A113/table2Line information and abundancesBandBandmeta.code;instr.bandpasscharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpeciesSpecies (12C16O, C2, CH, CN, NH or OH)meta.notecharSystemSystem (Swan, A-X or X-X)meta.notechar|dnu|[0/2] Energy level separationmeta.numberintlambdavacWavelength in vacuumnmem.wldoubleElowExcitation energy of the lower leveleVphys.energy;phys.atmol.excitationfloatloggfOscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatWEquivalent width measured at disc-centrepmspect.line.eqWidthfloatParamParameter (logepsC, logepsN or logepsO)meta.notecharAbund3D3D abundance for Parameterphys.abundfloatAbund<3D><3D> abundance for Parameterphys.abundfloatAbundATMOATMO abundance for Parameterphys.abundfloatAbundMARCSMARCS abundance for Parameterphys.abundfloatAbundHM74HM74 abundance for Parameterphys.abundfloat