J/A+A/654/A143ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/654/A143doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36540143CDSChrbolkova K.Brunetto R.Durech J.Kohout T.Mizohata K.Maly P.,Dedic V.Lantz C.Penttila A.Trojanek F.Maturilli A.2022-01-19T13:08:25Z2021-10-22T12:24:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-systemthe-suninfrared-astronomyspectroscopySpace weathering is a process that changes the surface of airless planetary bodies. Prime space weathering agents are solar wind irradiation and micrometeoroid bombardment. These processes alter planetary reflectance spectra and often modify their compositional diagnostic features. In this work we focused on simulating and comparing the spectral changes caused by solar wind irradiation and by micrometeoroid bombardment to gain a better understanding of these individual space weathering processes. We used olivine and pyroxene pellets as proxies for planetary materials. To simulate solar wind irradiation we used hydrogen, helium, and argon ions with energies from 5 to 40keV and fluences of up to 10^18^particles/cm^2^. To simulate micrometeoroid bombardment we used individual femtosecond laser pulses. We analysed the corresponding evolution of different spectral parameters, which we determined by applying the Modified Gaussian Model, and we also conducted principal component analysis. The original mineralogy of the surface influences the spectral evolution more than the weathering agent, as seen from the diverse evolution of the spectral slope of olivine and pyroxene upon irradiation. The spectral slope changes seen in olivine are consistent with observations of A-type asteroids, while the moderate to no slope changes observed in pyroxene are consistent with asteroid (4) Vesta. We also observed some differences in the spectral effects induced by the two weathering agents. Ions simulating solar wind have a smaller influence on longer wavelengths of the spectra than laser irradiation simulating micrometeoroid impacts. This is most likely due to the different penetration depths of ions and laser pulses. Our results suggest that in some instances it might be possible to distinguish between the contributions of the two agents on a weathered surface.2021A&A...654A.143Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/654/A143CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/654/A143https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/654/A143http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/654/A143https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/654/A143https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/654/A143http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/654/A143GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-hvnSpectra of olivine irradiated by H-ions, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.0/2500.0] wavelengthnmem.wlintR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e14 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 1e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 2e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 5e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 1e18 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-hevnSpectra of olivine irradiated by He-ions, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[540.8/2501.3] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 3e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 6e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-armSpectra of olivine irradiated by Ar-ions, MIRlambda[400.2/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-arvnSpectra of olivine irradiated by Ar-ions, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[540.8/2501.3] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 3e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 6e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 2e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 6e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-lvnSpectra of olivine irradiated by laser, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.2/2498.9] wavelengthnmem.wlfloatR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1.7 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 2.4 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 3.8 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 4.6 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 6.7 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 10.4 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 15.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR9Reflectance, 23.4 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR10Reflectance, 30.6 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR11Reflectance, 60.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR12Reflectance, 93.8 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR13Reflectance, 375.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-hmSpectra of olivine irradiated by H-ions, MIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.2/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e14 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 1e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 5e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 1e18 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-hemSpectra of olivine irradiated by He-ions, MIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.1/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/ol-lmSpectra of olivine irradiated by laser, MIRR3Reflectance, 2.4 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.1/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1.7 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 3.8 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 4.6 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 6.7 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 10.4 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 15.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR9Reflectance, 23.4 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR10Reflectance, 30.6 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR11Reflectance, 60.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR12Reflectance, 93.8 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR13Reflectance, 375.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-hvnSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by H-ions, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.0/2500.0] wavelengthnmem.wlintR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 2e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 5e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 1e18 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-hevnSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by He-ions, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[540.8/2501.3] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 3e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 6e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-arvnSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by Ar-ions, VIS-NIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[540.8/2501.3] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 3e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 6e15 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 2e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 6e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-lvnSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by laser, VIS-NIRR13Reflectance, 1800.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.2/2498.9] wavelengthnmem.wlfloatR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 4.5 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 5.6 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 12.5 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 18.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 28.1 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 36.7 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 50.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR9Reflectance, 72.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR10Reflectance, 112.5 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR11Reflectance, 200.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR12Reflectance, 450.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-hmSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by H-ions, MIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.2/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e16 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 2e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 5e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 1e18 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-hemSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by He-ions, MIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.2/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-armSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by Ar-ions, MIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.2/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 1e17 ions/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleJ/A+A/654/A143/opx-lmSpectra of pyroxene irradiated by laser, MIRrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[400.1/101670.0] wavelengthnmem.wldoubleR1Reflectance, freshphys.albedodoubleR2Reflectance, 4.5 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR3Reflectance, 5.6 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR4Reflectance, 12.5 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR5Reflectance, 18.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR6Reflectance, 28.1 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR7Reflectance, 36.7 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR8Reflectance, 50.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR9Reflectance, 72.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR10Reflectance, 112.5 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR11Reflectance, 200.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR12Reflectance, 450.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodoubleR13Reflectance, 1800.0 J/cm^2^phys.albedodouble