J/A+A/651/A71ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/651/A71doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36510071CDSLanglois M.Gratton R.Lagrange A.-M.Delorme P.Boccaletti A.,Bonnefoy M.Maire A.-L.Mesa D.Chauvin G.Desidera S.Vigan A.,Cheetham A.Hagelberg J.Feldt M.Meyer M.Rubini P.Le Coroller H.,Cantalloube F.Biller B.Bonavita M.Bhowmik T.Brandner W.,Daemgen S.D'Orazi V.Flasseur O.Fontanive C.Galicher R.Girard J.,Janin-Potiron P.Janson M.Keppler M.Kopytova T.Lagadec E.,Lannier J.Lazzoni C.Ligi R.Meunier N.Perreti A.Perrot C.,Rodet L.Romero C.Rouan D.Samland M.Salter G.Sissa E.Schmidt T.,Zurlo A.Mouillet D.Denis L.Thiebaut E.Milli J.Wahhaj Z.,Beuzit J.-L.Dominik C.Henning Th.Menard F.Mueller A.Schmid H.M.,Turatto M.Udry S.Abe L.Antichi J.Allard A.Baruolo F.Baudoz P.,Baudrand J.Bazzon A.Blanchard P.Carbillet M.Carle M.Cascone E.,Charton J.Claudi R.Costille A.De Caprio V.Delboulbe A.Dohlen K.,Fantinel D.Feautrier P.Fusco T.Gigan P.Giro E.Gisler D.Gluck L.,Gry C.Hubin N.Hugot E.Jaquet M.Kasper M.Le Mignant D.Llored M.,Madec F.Magnard Y.Martinez P.Maurel D.Messina S.,Moeller-Nilsson O.Mugnier L.Moulin T.Origne A.Pavlov A.Perret D.,Petit C.Pragt J.Puget P.Rabou P.Ramos J.Rigal F.Rochat S.,Roelfsema R.Rousset G.Roux A.Salasnich B.Sauvage J.-F.Sevin A.,Soenke C.Stadler E.Suarez M.Weber L.Wildi F.Rickman E.2021-09-29T11:50:45Z2021-07-14T09:51:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsphotometryIn recent decades, direct imaging has confirmed the existence of substellar companions (exoplanets or brown dwarfs) on wide orbits (>10 au) around their host stars. In striving to understand their formation and evolution mechanisms, in 2015 we initiated the SPHERE infrared survey for exoplanets (SHINE), a systematic direct imaging survey of young, nearby stars that is targeted at exploring their demographics. We aim to detect and characterize the population of giant planets and brown dwarfs beyond the snow line around young, nearby stars. Combined with the survey completeness, our observations offer the opportunity to constrain the statistical properties (occurrence, mass and orbital distributions, dependency on the stellar mass) of these young giant planets. In this study, we present the observing and data analysis strategy, the ranking process of the detected candidates, and the survey performances for a subsample of 150 stars that are representative of the full SHINE sample. Observations were conducted in a homogeneous way between February 2015 and February 2017 with the dedicated ground-based VLT/SPHERE instrument equipped with the IFS integral field spectrograph and the IRDIS dual-band imager, covering a spectral range between 0.9 and 2.3m. We used coronographic, angular, and spectral differential imaging techniques to achieve the best detection performances for this study, down to the planetary mass regime. We processed, in a uniform manner, more than 300 SHINE observations and datasets to assess the survey typical sensitivity as a function of the host star and of the observing conditions. The median detection performance reached 5-contrasts of 13mag at 200mas and 14.2mag at 800mas with the IFS (YJ and YJH bands), and of 11.8mag at 200mas, 13.1mag at 800mas, and 15.8mag at 3as with IRDIS in H band, delivering one of the deepest sensitivity surveys thus far for young, nearby stars. A total of sixteen substellar companions were imaged in this first part of SHINE: seven brown dwarf companions and ten planetary-mass companions. These include two new discoveries, HIP 65426 b and HIP 64892 B, but not the planets around PDS70 that had not been originally selected for the SHINE core sample. A total of 1483 candidates were detected, mainly in the large field of view that characterizes IRDIS. The color-magnitude diagrams, low-resolution spectrum (when available with IFS), and follow-up observations enabled us to identify the nature (background contaminant or comoving companion) of about 86% of our subsample. The remaining cases are often connected to crowded-field follow-up observations that were missing. Finally, even though SHINE was not initially designed for disk searches, we imaged twelve circumstellar disks, including three new detections around the HIP 73145, HIP 86598, and HD106906 systems. Nowadays, direct imaging provides a unique opportunity to probe the outer part of exoplanetary systems beyond 10au to explore planetary architectures, as highlighted by the discoveries of: one new exoplanet, one new brown dwarf companion, and three new debris disks during this early phase of SHINE. It also offers the opportunity to explore and revisit the physical and orbital properties of these young, giant planets and brown dwarf companions (relative position, photometry, and low-resolution spectrum in near-infrared, predicted masses, and contrast in order to search for additional companions). Finally, these results highlight the importance of finalizing the SHINE systematic observation of about 500 young, nearby stars for a full exploration of their outer part to explore the demographics of young giant planets beyond 10au and to identify the most interesting systems for the next generation of high-contrast imagers on very large and extremely large telescopes.2021A&A...651A..71Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/651/A71CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/651/A70 : SHINE sample definition (Desidera+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/651/A71https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/651/A71http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/651/A71https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/651/A71https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/651/A71http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/651/A71GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/651/A71/tablea1 (Detected point sources parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/651/A71/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/651/A71/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/651/A71/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true226.8122358-29.50448220.0055555555555555566/12436 12592 20125 20505 21180 21788 22146 22773 22964 23895 26924 28784 28810 29569 29993 30419 30477 30655 30793 30826 32844 33312 34054 34909 34930 36036 36308 36969 37006 37012 37175 37414 37968 37973 38272 38489 38687 38800 38950 39019 39044 39123 39162 39284 39579 39735 40717 41641 41652 41759 42072 42096 42252 42401 42425 42493 42601 42677 42708 42714 42754 42808 42913 42923 43014 43073 43097 43130 43177 43259 43276 43377 43402 43677 44069 44139 44319 44363 45927 47120 47205 47209 47287 47366 47626 47703 47863 47941 48045 48627https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/651/A71?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/651/A71/tablea1Detected point sources parametersSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharStatusFinal status (2)meta.codecharNameHost star IDmeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObs.dateObservation datetime.epoch;obsnullableFiltFilter pair (Filter0Filter1) used for the observations (1)instr.setup;instr.filtercharNNCID1Unique candidate companion ID (NNCID1 NNCID2)meta.idintNNCID2Unique candidate companion ID (NNCID1 NNCID2)meta.idintSepCandidate companion separation from host starmaspos.angDistancedoublee_Sep? rms uncertainty on Sepmasstat.errorfloatnullablePACandidate companion position angle from host stardegpos.posAngfloate_PA? rms uncertainty on PAdegstat.errorfloatnullabledm0Candidate companion relative magnitude from host star (filter 0)magphot.mag;arith.difffloate_dm0? rms uncertainty on dm0magstat.errorfloatnullabledm1Candidate companion relative magnitude from host star (filter 1)magphot.mag;arith.difffloate_dm1? rms uncertainty on dm1magstat.errorfloatnullableabsm0Candidate companion absolute magnitude (filter 0)magphys.magAbsfloate_absm0? rms uncertainty on absm0magstat.errorfloatnullableabsm1Candidate companion absolute magnitude (filter 1)magphys.magAbsfloate_absm1? rms uncertainty on absm1magstat.errorfloatnullablesnr0Candidate companion signal to noise ratio (filter 0)stat.snrfloatsnr1Candidate companion signal to noise ratio (filter 1)stat.snrfloatProb? Standard ranking probabilitystat.probabilityfloatnullableProbColorRanking probability based on color-magnitude diagramstat.fit.goodnessfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main