J/A+A/650/A167ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/650/A167doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36500167CDSDe Luca A.Salvaterra R.Belfiore A.Carpano S.D'Agostino D.,Haberl F.Israel G.L.Law-Green D.Lisini G.Marelli M.Novara G.,Read A.M.Rodriguez-Castillo G.Rosen S.R.Salvetti D.Tiengo A.,Vianello G.Watson M.G.Delvaux C.Dickens T.Esposito P.Greiner J.,Hammerle H.Kreikenbohm A.Kreykenbohm S.Oertel M.Pizzocaro D.,Pye J.P.Sandrelli S.Stelzer B.Wilms J.Zagaria F.2021-12-03T12:40:23Z2021-10-01T13:30:00ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frx-ray-sourcesTemporal variability in flux and spectral shape is ubiquitous in the X-ray sky and carries crucial information about the nature and emission physics of the sources. The EPIC instrument on board the XMM-Newton observatory is the most powerful tool for studying variability even in faint sources. Each day, it collects a large amount of information about hundreds of new serendipitous sources, but the resulting huge (and growing) dataset is largely unexplored in the time domain. The project called Exploring the X-ray transient and variable sky (EXTraS) systematically extracted all temporal domain information in the XMM-Newton archive. This included a search and characterisation of variability, both periodic and aperiodic, in hundreds of thousands of sources spanning more than eight orders of magnitude in timescale and six orders of magnitude in flux, and a search for fast transients that were missed by standard image analysis. All results, products, and software tools have been released to the community in a public archive. A science gateway has also been implemented to allow users to run the EXTraS analysis remotely on recent XMM datasets. We give details on the new algorithms that were designed and implemented to perform all steps of EPIC data analysis, including data preparation, source and background modelling, generation of time series and power spectra, and search for and characterisation of different types of variabilities. We describe our results and products and give information about their basic statistical properties and advice on their usage. We also describe available online resources. The EXTraS database of results and its ancillary products is a rich resource for any kind of investigation in almost all fields of astrophysics. Algorithms and lessons learnt from our project are also a very useful reference for any current and future experiment in the time domain.2021A&A...650A.167Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/650/A167CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-tohttps://www88.lamp.le.ac.uk/extras/archive : EXTraS Home Pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/650/A167https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/650/A167http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/650/A167https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/650/A167https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/650/A167http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/650/A167GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/650/A167/tableb1 (136 new transient sources discovered by the dedicated analysis described in Sect. 5)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/650/A167/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/650/A167/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/650/A167/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true37.895585-60.6287070.0055555555555555566/206 1115 1169 2342 2622 2709 2752 3042-3043 3157 4831 5576 6033 7477 7873 8912 9168 11375 13875 14057 14175 14227 14305 14322 14641 14692-14693 15592-15593 17683 18592 18607 20553 20764 21432 21438-21439 21643 22253 23717 23995 26125 26650 28230 28813 28830 28843 28862 28868 28912-28913 28915 28919 29004 29081 29091 29192 29463 29537 30218 30222 30363 30505-30506 31812 32500 33004 33094 33099 33193 33578 37252 37789 37871 37901 37924 37926 38016 39118 39236 39241 39327 39978 40332 41423 41586 41655 41697 41746 41761 41823 42137 42169 42196 42206-42207 42215 42336 42391 42394 42405 42444 42453 42666 42841 42981 44356 45485https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/650/A167?format=asciiX-raydefaultJ/A+A/650/A167/tableb1136 new transient sources discovered by the dedicated analysis described in Sect. 5ObsIDXMM observation IDmeta.id;obsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintEXMMEXTraS transient ID, JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS (1)meta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.late_posOverall uncertainty on the positionarcsecstat.errorfloatDurTransient durationstime.durationfloatCtEPIC counts (0.1-12keV)ctphot.count;em.X-rayinte_CtEPIC counts (0.1-12keV) errorctstat.errorint_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexed