J/A+A/646/A99ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/646/A99doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36460099CDSRamos P.Antoja T.Mateu C.Anders F.Laporte C. F. P.,Carballo-Bello J.A.Famaey B.Ibata R.2022-12-31T09:37:33Z2021-02-15T07:28:47ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxygiant-starsproper-motionsThe Gaia astrometric sample allows us to study the outermost Galactic disc, the halo, and their interface. It is precisely at the very edge of the disc where the effects of external perturbations are expected to be the most noticeable. Our goal is to detect the kinematic substructure present in the halo and at the edge of the Milky Way (MW) disc and provide observational constraints on their phase-space distribution. We download, one HP at a time, the proper motion histogram of distant stars, to which we apply a wavelet transformation to reveal the significant overdensities. We then analyse the large coherent structures that appear in the sky. We reveal a sharp yet complex anticentre dominated by Monoceros (MNC) and the Anticentre Stream (ACS) in the north - which we find have intensities comparable to the Magellanic Clouds and the Sagittarius stream - and by MNC South and TriAnd at negative latitudes. Our method allows us to perform a morpho-logical analysis of MNC and the ACS, both of which span more than 100{deg} in longitude, and to provide a high purity sample of giants with which we track MNC down to latitudes as low as ~5{deg}. Their colour-magnitude diagram is consistent with extended structures at a distance of ~10-11kpc that originated in the disc, with a very low ratio of RR-Lyrae over M giants, and with kinematics compatible with the rotation curve at those distances or slightly slower. We present a precise characterisation of MNC and the ACS, two previously known structures that our method reveals naturally, allowing us to detect them without limiting ourselves to a particular stellar type and, for the first time, using only kinematics. Our results will allow future studies to model their chemo-dynamics and evolution, thus constraining some of the most influential processes that shaped the MW.2021A&A...646A..99Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/646/A99CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/646/A99https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/646/A99http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/646/A99https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/646/A99https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/646/A99http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/646/A99GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/646/A99/acs (ACS Gaia DR2 sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/646/A99/acs?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/646/A99/acs?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/646/A99/acs?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true128.157185399933326.58871402487810.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/646/A99/mnc (Monoceros Gaia DR2 sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/646/A99/mnc?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/646/A99/mnc?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/646/A99/mnc?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true116.293775062975243.75922479112420.0055555555555555563/111 4/294 301 387 389 399-400 406 408 410-411 423 433-435 438-439 441 443 459 485 488-489 491 494 496 499 503 5/501 503 509 511 853 857-858 863 880-881 883 885 887 1165 1167-1169 1171 1182 1201 1203 1209 1212-1213 1215 1250 1256-1258 1553 1555 1560 1562 1564-1565 1567 1589-1591 1605-1608 1610 1612-1613 1615 1619 1622 1628 1630-1631 1638 1648-1649 1652-1653 1655 1685 1728-1729 1731 1744 1746-1747 1750 1760-1761 1763 1769 1802 1824-1826 1828 1831-1833 1835 1850-1851 1854 1928 1930 1934 1949 1961-1963 1968 1970-1971 1990 1992-1993 2002 2006-2009 2011 2032-2033 2036-2037 2039 2044 2046-2047 3051 3055 3066 6/5036-5037 5039-5042 5048-5050 5052-5054 6416 6418-6419 6464-6465 6467 6472-6474 6517-6519 7213-7214 7224 7226-7227 7308-7310 7317 7319-7320 7322-7323 7361-7362 7369-7371 7382 7392-7394 7397-7399 7410 7413-7415 7420-7422 7561 7592 7594-7596 7615 7656-7657 7952 7954-7956 7958 7964 7966-7967 8013 8015 8017 8040-8042 12200-12202 12217-12219https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/646/A99?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/646/A99/acsACS Gaia DR2 samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source IDmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRA*Proper motion in right ascension direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRA*Standard error of pmRA*mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEStandard error of pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatGmagG-band mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RPBP-RP colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt;em.optdoubleAGEstimated extinction in G-bandmagphys.absorptiondoubleSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/646/A99/mncMonoceros Gaia DR2 samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 source IDmeta.id;meta.mainSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexedRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedpmRA*Proper motion in right ascension direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRA*Standard error of pmRA*mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEProper motion in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEStandard error of pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatGmagG-band mean magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RPBP-RP colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt;em.optdoubleAGEstimated extinction in G-bandmagphys.absorptiondouble