J/A+A/643/A116ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/643/A116doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36430116CDSde Burgos A.Simon-Diaz S.Lennon D.J.Dorda R.Negueruela I.,Urbaneja M.A.Patrick L.R.Herrero A.2022-10-04T14:25:04Z2020-11-11T15:31:06ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstellar-associationsspectroscopysupergiant-starsThe Perseus OB1 association, including the h and chi Persei double cluster, is an interesting laboratory for the investigation of massive star evolution as it hosts one of the most populous groupings of blue and red supergiants (Sgs) in the Galaxy at a moderate distance and extinction. We discuss whether the massive O-type, and blue and red Sg stars located in the Per OB1 region are members of the same population, and examine their binary and runaway status. We gathered a total of 405 high-resolution spectra for 88 suitable candidates around 4.5 deg from the center of the association, and compiled astrometric information from Gaia DR2 for all of them. This was used to investigate membership and identify runaway stars. By obtaining high-precision radial velocity (RV) estimates for all available spectra, we investigated the RV distribution of the global sample (as well as different subsamples) and identified spectroscopic binaries (SBs). Most of the investigated stars belong to a physically linked population located at d=2.5+/-0.4kpc. We identify 79 confirmed or likely members, and 5 member candidates. No important differences are detected in the distribution of parallaxes when stars in h and chi Persei or the full sample are considered. In contrast, most O-type stars seem to be part of a differentiated population in terms of kinematical properties. In particular, the percentage of runaways among them (45%) is considerable higher than for the more evolved targets (which is lower than ~5% in all cases). A similar tendency is also found for the percentage of clearly detected SBs, which already decreases from 15% to 10% when the O star and B Sg samples are compared, respectively, and practically vanishes in the cooler Sgs. Concerning this latter result, our study illustrates the importance of taking the effect of the ubiquitous presence of intrinsic variability in the blue-to-red Sg domain into account to avoid the spurious identification of pulsating stars as SBs. All but 4 stars in our working sample (including 10 O giants/Sgs, 36 B Sgs, 9 B giants, 11 A/F Sgs, and 18 red Sgs) can be considered as part of the same (interrelated) population. However, any further attempt to describe the empirical properties of this sample of massive stars in an evolutionary context must take into account that an important fraction of the O stars is or likely has been part of a binary/multiple system. In addition, some of the other more evolved targets may have also been affected by binary evolution. In this line of argument, it is also interesting to note that the percentage of spectroscopic binaries within the evolved population of massive stars in Per OB1 is lower by a factor 4-5 than in the case of dedicated surveys of O-type stars in other environments that include a much younger population of massive stars.2020A&A...643A.116Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/643/A116CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/643/A116https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/643/A116http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/643/A116https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/643/A116https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/643/A116http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/643/A116GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/643/A116/tablea1 (stars within 4.5 degrees of Per OB1)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/643/A116/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/643/A116/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/643/A116/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true38.2059166761.378358330.0055555555555555565/814-815 6/3231 3239 3243 3245 3247 3249-3251 3253-3255 3272 3274-3275 3296 3298-3299 3305-3308 3598 3600-3601 3603-3604 3608-36091.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/643/A116?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/643/A116/tablea1stars within 4.5 degrees of Per OB1SimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharn_Name[*] Note (3)meta.notecharSpTypeSpectral classificationsrc.spTypecharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) (1)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmagG magnitude from Gaia DR2magphot.mag;em.optfloatBP-RPBP-RP colour from Gaia DR2magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatpmRA*Proper motion along RA (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA*rms uncertainty on pmRA*mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatn_pmRA*[)] ) if RUWE value is higher than 1.4meta.notecharpmDEProper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDErms uncertainty on pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatn_pmDE[)] ) if RUWE value is higher than 1.4meta.notecharplxParallax (2)maspos.parallax.trigfloate_plxrms uncertainty on plx (2)masstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatn_plx[)] ) if RUWE value is higher than 1.4meta.notecharRV? Radial velocity of best S/N spectrumkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV? Uncertainty on RVelkm/sstat.errorfloatnullableNotesNotes for the targetmeta.notecharJ/A+A/643/A116/tablea2Radial velocities for stars with >=5 spectra (no SB1/SB2)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral classificationsrc.spTypecharTimeSpanTime-span of the spectradtime.intervalintNspectraNumber of spectrameta.numberintRVmeanAverage radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;stat.meanfloate_RVmeanUncertainty of RVmeankm/sstat.errorfloatRVppPeak-to-peak radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVppUncertainty of RVppkm/sstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/643/A116/tablea3Radial velocities for confirmed SB1 stars with multi-epochrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral classificationsrc.spTypecharTimeSpanTime-span of the spectradtime.intervalintNspectraNumber of spectrameta.numberintRVmeanAverage radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;stat.meanfloate_RVmeanUncertainty of RVmeankm/sstat.errorfloatRVppPeak-to-peak radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVppUncertainty of RVppkm/sstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/643/A116/tablea4Membership and features of investigated starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintVCShow the Radial Velocity curvesmeta.ref.urlcharNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharfPlx[ocx] Flag for parallax (1)meta.codecharn_fPlx[)] Bad astrometry (see column Comments)meta.notecharfPM[ocx] Flag for total proper motion (1)meta.codecharn_fPM[)] Bad astrometry (see column Comments)meta.notecharfRVbest[ocx] Flag for RV of the best spectrum (1)meta.codecharfRVmulti[ocx-] Flag for RV from multiepoch data (1)meta.codecharfRVfinal[ocx] Flag for final RV (1)meta.codecharn_fRVfinal[)] Binaries or potential binaries (2)meta.notecharSpecVarCause of spectral variabilitymeta.notecharMember[YLCN] Membership to Per OB1 (3)meta.code.membercharCommentsComments (4)meta.notecharJ/A+A/643/A116/tablea5Radial velocity measurements for individual epochs for the 88 stars of table 4n_Name[*] Note (1)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharSpTypeSpectral classificationsrc.spTypecharNlinesNumber of lines used for determine the RVmeta.numberintMBJDModified Barycentric Julian Datedtime.epochfloatRVRadial velocity measurementkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVUncertainty of RVkm/sstat.errorfloat