J/A+A/642/A164ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/642/A164doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36420164CDSVillenave M.Menard F.Dent W.R.F.Duchene G.Stapelfeldt K.R.,Benisty M.Boehler Y.van der Plas G.Pinte C.Telkamp Z.Wolff S.,Flores C.Lesur G.Louvet F.Riols A.Dougados C.Williams H.,Padgett D.2021-01-11T08:38:22Z2020-10-15T12:22:04ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frpre-main-sequence-starsradio-sourcesWe aim to study vertical settling and radial drift of dust in protoplanetary disks from a different perspective: an edge-on view. An estimation of the amplitude of settling and drift is highly relevant to understanding planet formation. We analyze a sample of 12 HST-selected edge-on protoplanetary disks for which the vertical extent of the emission layers can be constrained directly. We present ALMA high angular resolution continuum images (0.1arcsec) of these disks at two wavelengths, 0.89mm and 2.06mm (respectively ALMA bands 7 and 4), supplemented with archival band 6 data (1.33mm) where available. For most sources, the millimeter continuum emission is more compact than the scattered light, both in the vertical and radial directions. Six sources are resolved along their minor axis in at least one millimeter band, providing direct information on the vertical distribution of the millimeter grains. For the second largest disk of the sample, the significant difference in vertical extent between band 7 and band 4 suggests efficient size-selective vertical settling of large grains. Furthermore, the only Class I object in our sample shows evidence of flaring in the millimeter. Along the major axis, all disks are well resolved. Four of them are larger in band 7 than in band 4 in the radial direction, and three have a similar radial extent in all bands. For all disks, we derive the millimeter brightness temperature and spectral index maps. We find that the disks are likely optically thick and that the dust emission reveals low brightness temperatures in most cases (<10K). The integrated spectral indices are similar to those of disks at lower inclination. The comparison of a generic radiative transfer disk model with our data shows that at least 3 disks are consistent with a small millimeter dust scale height, of a few au (measured at r=100au). This is in contrast with the more classical value of h_g_~10au derived from scattered light images and from gas line measurements. These results confirm, by direct observations, that large (millimeter) grains are subject to significant vertical settling in protoplanetary disks.2020A&A...642A.164Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/642/A164CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/642/A164https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/642/A164http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/642/A164https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/642/A164https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/642/A164http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/642/A164GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/642/A164/list (List of fits images)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/642/A164/list?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/642/A164/list?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/642/A164/list?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true167.79514-76.699290.005555555555555556Associated datahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/assocdata/?obs_collection=J/A+A/642/A1646/1037 1050 1054 1082-1083 1168 23549 36956-36957 37128 42970https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/642/A164?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/642/A164/listList of fits imagesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharNxNumber of pixels along X-axismeta.numberintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right Ascension of center (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination of center (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainNyNumber of pixels along Y-axismeta.numberintObs.dateObservation datestime.epoch;obsnullableFreq? Observed frequencyGHzem.freqfloatnullablesizeSize of FITS fileKibytephys.size;meta.fitsintFileNameName of FITS file, in subdirectory fitsmeta.id;meta.fitscharTitleTitle of the FITS filemeta.title;meta.fitscharAssocDataAssociated Data web pagemeta.ref.urlchar