J/A+A/637/A89ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/637/A89doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36370089CDSGoicoechea L.J.Artamonov B.P.Shalyapin V.N.Sergeyev A.V.,Burkhonov O.A.Akhunov T.A.Asfandiyarov I.M.Bruevich V.V.,Ehgamberdiev S.A.Shimanovskaya E.V.Zheleznyak A.P.2020-10-07T16:58:03Z2020-05-21T08:05:45ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsgravitational-lensingccd-photometryQuasar microlensing offers a unique opportunity to resolve tiny sources in distant active galactic nuclei and study compact object populations in lensing galaxies. We therefore searched for microlensing-induced variability of the gravitationally lensed quasar QSO 2237+0305 (Einstein Cross) using 4374 optical frames taken with the 2.0m Liverpool Telescope and the 1.5m Maidanak Telescope. These gVrRI frames over the 2006-2019 period were homogeneously processed to generate accurate long-term multi-band light curves of the four quasar images A-D. Through difference light curves, we found strong microlensing signatures. We then focused on the analytical modelling of two putative caustic-crossing events in image C, finding compelling evidence that this image experienced a double caustic crossing. Additionally, our overall results indicate that a standard accretion disc accounts reasonably well for the brightness profile of UV continuum emission sources and for the growth in source radius when the emission wavelength increases: R_{lambda}_{prop.to}{lambda}^{alpha}^, {alpha}=1.33+/-0.09. However, we caution that numerical microlensing simulations are required before firm conclusions can be reached on the UV emission scenario because the VRI-band monitoring during the first caustic crossing and one of our two {alpha} indicators lead to a few good solutions with {alpha}~~1.2020A&A...637A..89Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/637/A89CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+A/616/A118 : Lensed QSOs light curves & spectral monitoringhttps://grupos.unican.es/glendama/LQLM_results.htm : Project Home Pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/637/A89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/637/A89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/637/A89https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/637/A89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/637/A89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/637/A89GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/A+A/637/A89/table5Photometry in the V bandrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateCivil date_frame number (yymmdd_no)time.epochcharMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoubleTexpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintPSFfwhmFull width at half-maximum of the Point Spread Function (PSF)arcsecspect.line.widthfloatPSFellipEllipticity of the PSFsrc.ellipticityfloatS/NSignal-to-noise ratio (alpha star)stat.snrintmAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloatmB? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloatnullablemC? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloatnullablemD? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloatnullablembetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloatchi2/dofReduced chi-square value on the QSO subframe using IMFITFITS software (1)stat.fit.chi2floatQuality[*] Poor-quality frames are marked with an asteriskmeta.code.qualcharJ/A+A/637/A89/table6Photometry in the r bandrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateCivil date_frame number (yymmdd_no)time.epochcharMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoubleTexpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintPSFfwhmFull width at half-maximum of the Point Spread Function (PSF)arcsecspect.line.widthfloatPSFellipEllipticity of the PSFsrc.ellipticityfloatS/NSignal-to-noise ratio (alpha star)stat.snrintmAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloatmB? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloatnullablemC? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloatnullablemD? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloatnullablembetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloatchi2/dofReduced chi-square value on the QSO subframe using IMFITFITS software (1)stat.fit.chi2floatQuality[*] Poor-quality frames are marked with an asteriskmeta.code.qualcharJ/A+A/637/A89/table7Photometry in the R bandrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateCivil date_frame number (yymmdd_no)time.epochcharMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoubleTexpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintPSFfwhmFull width at half-maximum of the Point Spread Function (PSF)arcsecspect.line.widthfloatPSFellipEllipticity of the PSFsrc.ellipticityfloatS/NSignal-to-noise ratio (alpha star)stat.snrintmAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloatmB? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloatnullablemC? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloatnullablemD? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloatnullablembetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloatchi2/dofReduced chi-square value on the QSO subframe using IMFITFITS software (1)stat.fit.chi2floatQuality[*] Poor-quality frames are marked with an asteriskmeta.code.qualcharJ/A+A/637/A89/table8Photometry in the I bandrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateCivil date_frame number (yymmdd_no)time.epochcharMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoubleTexpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintPSFfwhmFull width at half-maximum of the Point Spread Function (PSF)arcsecspect.line.widthfloatPSFellipEllipticity of the PSFsrc.ellipticityfloatS/NSignal-to-noise ratio (alpha star)stat.snrintmAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloatmB? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloatnullablemC? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloatnullablemD? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloatnullablembetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloatchi2/dofReduced chi-square value on the QSO subframe using IMFITFITS software (1)stat.fit.chi2floatQuality[*] Poor-quality frames are marked with an asteriskmeta.code.qualcharJ/A+A/637/A89/table10Light curves in the g band (479.5nm)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoublemAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloate_mAError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagstat.errorfloatmBMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloate_mBError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagstat.errorfloatmCMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloate_mCError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagstat.errorfloatmDMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloate_mDError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagstat.errorfloatmbetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloate_mbetaError in magnitude of the beta starmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/637/A89/table11Light curves in the V band (539.6nm)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoublemAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloate_mAError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagstat.errorfloatmBMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloate_mBError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagstat.errorfloatmCMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloate_mCError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagstat.errorfloatmDMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloate_mDError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagstat.errorfloatmbetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloate_mbetaError in magnitude of the beta starmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/637/A89/table12*Light curves in the r band (618.7nm)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoublemAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloate_mAError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagstat.errorfloatmBMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloate_mBError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagstat.errorfloatmCMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloate_mCError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagstat.errorfloatmDMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloate_mDError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagstat.errorfloatmbetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloate_mbetaError in magnitude of the beta starmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/637/A89/table13Light curves in the R band (646.2nm)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoublemAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloate_mAError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagstat.errorfloatmBMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloate_mBError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagstat.errorfloatmCMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloate_mCError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagstat.errorfloatmDMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloate_mDError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagstat.errorfloatmbetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloate_mbetaError in magnitude of the beta starmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/637/A89/table14Light curves in the I band (839.1nm)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoublemAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloate_mAError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagstat.errorfloatmBMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloate_mBError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagstat.errorfloatmCMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloate_mCError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagstat.errorfloatmDMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloate_mDError in magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagstat.errorfloatmbetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloate_mbetaError in magnitude of the beta starmagstat.errorfloatJ/A+A/637/A89/table4Photometry in the g bandS/NSignal-to-noise ratio (alpha star)stat.snrintmAMagnitude of QSO 2237+0305Amagphot.magfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateCivil date_frame number (yymmdd_no)time.epochcharMJDModified Julian Date (MJD-50000)dtime.epochdoubleTexpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintPSFfwhmFull width at half-maximum of the Point Spread Function (PSF)arcsecspect.line.widthfloatPSFellipEllipticity of the PSFsrc.ellipticityfloatmB? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Bmagphot.magfloatnullablemC? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Cmagphot.magfloatnullablemD? Magnitude of QSO 2237+0305Dmagphot.magfloatnullablembetaMagnitude of the beta starmagphot.magfloatchi2/dofReduced chi-square value on the QSO subframe using IMFITFITS software (1)stat.fit.chi2floatQuality[*] Poor-quality frames are marked with an asteriskmeta.code.qualchar