J/A+A/636/A74ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/636/A74doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36360074CDSTrifonov T.Tal-Or L.Zechmeister M.Kaminski A.Zucker S.Mazeh T.2023-11-20T13:19:38Z2020-04-20T08:27:01ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsexoplanetsradial-velocityThe High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) spectrograph is mounted since 2003 at the ESO 3.6m telescope in La Silla and provides state-of-the-art stellar radial velocity (RV) measurements with a precision down to ~1m/s. The spectra are extracted with a dedicated data-reduction software (DRS) and the RVs are computed by cross correlating with a numerical mask. The aim of this study is three-fold: (i) Create an easy access to the public HARPS RV data set. (ii) Apply the new public SpEctrum Radial Velocity AnaLyser (SERVAL) pipeline to the spectra, and produce a more precise RV data set. (iii) Check whether the precision of the RVs can be further improved by correcting for small nightly systematic effects. For each star observed with HARPS, we downloaded the publicly available spectra from the ESO archive, and recomputed the RVs with SERVAL. This was based on fitting each observed spectrum with a high signal-to-noise ratio template created by co-adding all the available spectra of that star. We then computed nightly zero points (NZPs) by averaging the RVs of quiet stars. Analysing the RVs of the most RV-quiet stars, whose RV scatter is <5m/s, we find that SERVAL RVs are on average more precise than DRS RVs by a few percent. Investigating the NZP time series, we find three significant systematic effects, whose magnitude is independent of the software used for the RV derivation: (i) stochastic variations with a magnitude of ~1m/s; (ii) longterm variations, with a magnitude of ~1m/s and a typical timescale of a few weeks; and (iii) 20-30NZPs significantly deviating by few m/s. In addition, we find small (<~1m/s) but significant intra-night drifts in DRS RVs before the 2015 intervention, and in SERVAL RVs after it. We confirm that the fibre exchange in 2015 caused a discontinuous RV jump, which strongly depends on the spectral type of the observed star: from ~14m/s for late F-type stars, to ~-3m/sx for M dwarfs. The combined effect of extracting the RVs with SERVAL and correcting them for the systematics we find is an improved average RV precision: ~5% improvement for spectra taken before the 2015 intervention, and ~15% improvement for spectra taken after it. To demonstrate the quality of the new RV data set, we present an updated orbital solution of the GJ 253 two-planet system. Our NZP-corrected SERVAL RVs can be retrieved from a user-friendly, public database. It provides more than 212000 RVs for about 3000 stars along with many auxiliary information, such as the NZP corrections, various activity indices, and DRS-CCF products.2020A&A...636A..74Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/636/A74CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-tohttp://archive.eso.org/wdb/wdb/adp/phase3_main/form : ESO data Productshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/636/A74https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/636/A74http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/636/A74https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/636/A74https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/636/A74http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/636/A74GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/636/A74/list (List of target)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/636/A74/list?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/636/A74/list?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/636/A74/list?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true279.27172755.2921166670.0055555555555555566/22 30 49 60 75 79 115 120 131 137 151 161 185 222 284 297 322 328 340-341 413 457 461 464 472-473 484 513 524 535 546 548 706 2051 4103 4128 4142-4143 4147 4157 4190 4206 4224 4250-4251 4261 4263 4268 4277 4289 4313 4316 4366 4376 4388 4438 4444 4460 4495 4641 4645 4651 4665 4672 4691 4706 4755 5009 6146 8197 8208 8237 8240 8244 8249 8286 8296 8343 8355 8389 8394 8440 8463 8476 8614 8617 8704-8705 8723 8733 8739 8767 8792 8803 8845 8935 9048 9125 12312 12340-12341 12352 12396 12421 12424 12435 12440 12482 12491 12498 12502 12512 12540 12556 12575 12592 12644 12814 12848 12865 12890 12899 12915 12976 12983 13025 13440 16391 16393 16408 16417 16432 16462-16463 16491 16496 16502 16514-16515 16518-16519 16528 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48567 48572 48581 48607 48613 48627 48647 48651-48652 48658 48664-48665 48679 48705 48707 48711 48727 48731 48736 48747 48752 48755 48757 48768 48773 48788 48792 48807 48821 48846 48865 48870-48871 48900 48902 48906 48926 48943 48945 48980 49001 49010 49028 49036 49042 49060 49064 49097 49101 49103 49114 49125 49128 491441.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/636/A74?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/636/A74/listList of targetSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNrvmeta.numberintnullableVCShow the Radial Velocity curvesmeta.ref.urlcharNameTarget namemeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Rihgt ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpTypeMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharTeff? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivefloatnullableBmag? B magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag? V magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableGmag? Gaia magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatnullableDist? Distancepcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableFileName1Name of the ascii file with RV data in original site (1)meta.id;meta.filecharFileName2Name of the csv file with RV data in original site (1)meta.id;meta.filecharJ/A+A/636/A74/rvbankIndividual radial velocity measurements and auxiliary data for all targetse_CRXChromatic index errorm/sstat.errordoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDRVmlcnzp? Differential RV from SERVAL corrected for BERV, SA, drift, NZP, NZPdrift, -pre and -post calculated separately) (RV_mlc_nzp)m/sphys.veloc;arith.diffdoublenullablee_DRVmlcnzp? Differential radial velocity error (e_RV_mlc_nzp)m/sstat.errordoublenullableRVdrsnzp? Radial velocity from DRS corrected for BERV, SA, drift, NZP, NZPdrift, corrected, -pre and -post calculated separately) (RV_drs_nzp)m/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_RVdrsnzp? Radial velocity error (e_RV_drs_nzp)m/sstat.errordoublenullableDRVmlcDifferential RV from SERVAL corrected for BERV, SA, drift, (non-NZP corrected), -pre and -post calculated separately (RV_mlc)m/sphys.veloc;arith.diffdoublee_DRVmlc? Differential SERVAL radial velocity error (e_RV_mlc)m/sstat.errordoublenullableRVdrs? RV from DRS corrected for BERV, SA, drift, (non-NZP corrected), -pre and -post calculated separately) (RV_drs)m/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_RVdrs? DRS radial velocity error (e_RV_drs)m/sstat.errordoublenullableDRVmlcjDifferential RV from SERVAL corrected for BERV, SA, drift, (non-NZP corrected, joint RV calculation with -pre and -post fibre upgrade data) (RV_mlc_j)m/sphys.veloc;arith.diffdoublee_DRVmlcj? Differential radial velocity error (e_RV_mlc_j)m/sstat.errordoublenullableCRXChromatic index from SERVALm/sspect.indexdoubledLWDifferential line width from SERVALm.s**-1.km.s**-1spect.line.widthdoublee_dLWDifferential line width errorm.s**-1.km.s**-1stat.errordoubleHalphaHalpha index from SERVALspect.indexdoublee_Halpha[] Halpha index errorstat.error;spect.linefloatNaD1NaD1 indexspect.indexdoublee_NaD1[] NaD1 index errorstat.errorfloatNaD2NaD2 indexspect.indexdoublee_NaD2[] NaD2 index errorstat.errorfloatFlag[0/128] SERVAL flag bitwise flag (1)meta.code.errorintFWHMDRS? Full width half maximum from DRSkm/sspect.line.widthdoublenullableContrast? Constrast from DRS (CONTRAST_DRS)phot.flux;arith.ratiodoublenullableBIS? Bisector span measurement from DRSm/sphys.velocdoublenullableRVguess? User guess for absolute RV from DRSkm/sphys.velocdoublenullableSNRDRSSignal-to-noise ratio in order 55 from DRSm.s**-1.km.s**-1stat.snrfloatBJDDRSBarycentric Julian date from DRSdtime.epochdoubleBERVBarycentric Earth radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.eop;pos.earthdoubleBERVDRSBarycentric Earth radial velocity from DRSkm/sphys.veloc;pos.barycenterdoubleDRIFT? drift measurem/sstat.fit.paramdoublenullableSA? Contribution from secular accelerationm/sstat.fit.paramdoublenullableNZPmlc? NZP for BJD (NZP_mlc)m/sstat.fit.paramdoublenullabledNZPmlc? Contribution from intra-night systematics (dNZP_mlc)m/sstat.fit.paramdoublenullableNZPdrs? NZP for DRS (NZP_drs)stat.fit.paramdoublenullableTMmeanFlux weighted mean pointstat.fit.paramfloatExpTimeExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposuredoubleMLCRXML Chromatic index (Slope over logarithmic wavelength)m/sspect.indexdoubleAIRMASS? Airmassm.s**-1.km.s**-1obs.airMassintnullableBJDBarycentric Julian datedtime.epochdoubleindexedNameTarget namemeta.id;meta.mainchar