J/A+A/635/A45ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/635/A45doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36350045CDSCastro-Ginard A.Jordi C.Luri X.Alvarez Cid-Fuentes J.Casamiquela L.,Anders F.Cantat-Gaudin T.Monguio M.Balaguer-Nunez L.Sola S.,Badia R.M.2022-09-05T13:57:54Z2020-03-04T07:43:15ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveysopen-star-clustersvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionsradial-velocityOpen clusters are key targets for studies of Galaxy structure and evolution, and stellar physics. Since the Gaia data release 2 (DR2), the discovery of undetected clusters has shown that previous surveys were incomplete. Our aim is to exploit the Big Data capabilities of machine learning to detect new open clusters in Gaia DR2, and to complete the open cluster sample to enable further studies of the Galactic disc. We use a machine-learning based methodology to systematically search the Galactic disc for overdensities in the astrometric space and identify the open clusters using photometric information. First, we used an unsupervised clustering algorithm, DBSCAN, to blindly search for these overdensities in Gaia DR2 (l, b, varpi, mu_alpha_*, mu_delta_), then we used a deep learning artificial neural network trained on colour-magnitude diagrams to identify isochrone patterns in these overdensities, and to confirm them as open clusters. We find 570 new open clusters distributed along the Galactic disc in the region |b|<20{deg}. We detect substructure in complex regions, and identify the tidal tails of a disrupting cluster UBC 274 of ~3Gyr located at ~2kpc. Adapting the mentioned methodology to a Big Data environment allows us to target the search using the physical properties of open clusters instead of being driven by computational limitations. This blind search for open clusters in the Galactic disc increases the number of known open clusters by 45%.2020A&A...635A..45Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/635/A45CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/A+A/627/A35 : New open clusters in Galactic anti-centre (Castro-Ginard+ 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/635/A45https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/635/A45http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/635/A45https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/635/A45https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/635/A45http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/635/A45GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/635/A45/table1 (Mean parameters for the reported UBC clusters (updated, 07-Apr-2020))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/635/A45/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/635/A45/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/635/A45/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true267.4221150559616-28.75897623680330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/635/A45/table2 (Members for the reported UBC clusters (updated, 07-Apr-2020))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/635/A45/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/635/A45/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/635/A45/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true267.4191903859876-28.73171724187190.0055555555555555565/725 905 3321 3436 3557 3565 3575 3661 3679 3843 3848-3849 3895 3919 3926 5204-5205 7200-7201 7378 7555 7561 7658 8004 9290 9333 9426 9438 9482 9504 9508 9608 9809 10122 10366 10413 10424 10537 10539 10542-10543 10557 10595 10598 6/1072 1074 1302 1334-1335 1340-1341 1355 1358 1427 1432-1433 1444 1446 1466 1754-1755 1757 1759 1800 1802-1803 1818-1819 1825 1840-1841 1931 1934 1953 1956 2462-2463 2517 2807 2899 2908 2978 2985 2994 3029 3032 3043 3050-3051 3054-3055 3059-3062 3065-3066 3068 3102-3103 3145 3251 3253-3255 3259-3260 3262-3263 3282 3296 3302 3304-3306 3308 3329 3601 3604-3605 3611 3614 3628 3631 3633-3634 3636 3643 3654-3655 3657 3659-3660 3662 3684 3712 3721-3724 3726 3729 3745-3747 3752 3875 3877-3879 3881 3884 3910 3916 6330 6894-6895 7086 12890-12891 12912-12913 12941 12943 12962-12963 12968 12972-12973 12984-12985 12988 13052-13054 13219 13225 13230-13231 13559 13730 13874-13875 13880 13994-13995 14043-14044 14046 14060 14065 14067 14073 14078 14103 14107 14109 14129 14143 14146 14186 14203-14204 14206-14207 14238-14239 14242-14243 14246 14258 14264 14267 14270 14272 14280-14282 14285-14287 14294-14296 14298-14299 14306 14309 14311-14312 14320 14322 14325 14370 14401 14403-14404 14406-14407 14409 14412-14413 14427 14430 14449 14452 14455 14596-14598 14602 14606-14607 14617 14619-14621 14623 14626-14629 14631 14638 14640-14642 14648 14653 14686-14687 14689 14691 14696-14698 14709 14711 14715 14725 14773 14798 14816-14817 14820 15327 15365 15367 15378-15379 15385-15387 15389-15391 15404 15424 15441 15444 15448 15471 15479 15482 15485 15557 15568 15576-15577 15616-15617 15622 15633 15636 15650 15684 15686 15722-15723 15745 15747 15765 15808-15809 20784 20786 20800 20802 20828 20951 21266-21267 21273 21438-21439 21514 21517 21519 21522 21535 21552 21555 21590 21669 21671 21680 21682 21687 21691-21693 21697 21700 21736 21738-21739 21804-21805 21918 21940 22026 22030-22031 22048 22052-22053 22055 22061 22066 22071-22072 22078-22079 22089 22091-22092 22144 22146-22147 22151 22162 22189 22191 22197 22314 22321 22335 22337 22340 22342-22343 22348-22349 22420-22421 22478 22805 22848 22850-22851 22854 23025-23027 23622-23623 23628-23629 23653 23655 23666 23767 23773 23775 23814 23849 23851-23852 23854 23920 23938 24122-24123 24208-24209 24329 24347 24369 24375 24386 24465 24491 28709 28711 28715-28716 28718 28808-28809 28811-28813 28818-28819 28822 28824 28827-28830 28838 28844-28845 28872 28874 28876 28889 28891 28900-28901 28913 28915-28916 28918 28920 28922 28985 28997 29110 29114-29115 29118 29121 29160-29162 29180-29181 29457 29460 29462 29507 29510-29511 29517 29541 29566-29567 29653 29868 29915 29918 29924 29929 29931 29934 29937 29940 30217-30219 30227 30234-30235 30248-30249 30256-30258 30283 30287 30293 30295 30305 30307 30309-30310 30316 30455 30461 30463 30609 30626 30630-30631 30636-30637 30647 30656-30657 30688 30690 30694 30699-30701 32065 32068 32119 32198 37087 37109 37153-37155 37164 37166 37200-37201 37209 37212 37232 37235 37238-37239 37241 37244 37246-37247 37249 37252 37317 37319 37327-37329 37337 37339-37340 37594 37666 37672 37701-37703 37713 37716 37722 37725 37727 37729 37734-37735 37739-37740 37742-37746 37817 37819 37825 37828 37863 37870-37871 37877 37889 37892-37893 37895 37901-37902 37904-37906 37908-37909 37912 37914 37916 37920 37922-37923 37925-37927 37932-37933 37936-37938 37942 37948 37952 38020 38022 38025 38027 38038 38041 38043 38412 38538 38560 38619 38622 38638 38641 39179 39210 39229 39231 39235 39244-39245 39255 39270-39272 39274 39301 39303 39391 39399 39404 39406-39407 39409-39412 39414 39416 39418 39423 39746-39747 39752-39753 39755 39761 39764-39765 39770 39775 39777 39780-39781 39783 39792 39794-39795 39797-39798 39801-39803 39805 39807 39873 39875-39876 39888-39890 39896-39897 39927 39931 39934-39935 39938 39963 39984-39985 40097 40099 40106 40462 40499 40502 40505 40513 40516 40576-40577 40579-40580 40582 40601 40603 40611 40617 40620 40623 40625 40627-40628 40630 41381 41559 41576 41578 41583 41591 41594-41595 41599 41626 41634 41638 41643 41646-41648 41669 41678 41690 41700 41704-41705 41711-41712 41730 41741 41752-41754 41760 41762 41770-41771 41774 41787 41797 41808-41809 41812 41831 41872-41874 41880 42126-42127 42143 42163 42165 42186 42195 42201-42203 42206 42208 42211 42213-42215 42217 42219 42224-42225 42346 42363 42373-42375 42378-42379 42384 42386 42390 42396 42399-42400 42416-42417 42421 42433 42435-42436 42442 42447-42448 42450 42464 42469 42472-42473 42501 42513 42807 42813 42833 42836 42838 42850 42856 42875 42878 42961 42964 43012-43013 43015-43017 43019-43021 43026-43027 43032-43033 43035 43040-43041 43046 43050 43057-43059 43064-43065 431361.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/635/A45?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/635/A45/table1Mean parameters for the reported UBC clusters (updated, 07-Apr-2020)e_plxParallax standard deviationmasstat.error;pos.parallaxdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterCluster name (UBCNNN)meta.id.parentcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexedRA_ICRSRight Ascension mean (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RA_ICRSRight Ascension standard deviationdegstat.error;pos.eq.radoubleDE_ICRSDeclination mean (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DE_ICRSDeclination standard deviationdegstat.error;pos.eq.decdoubleGLONGalactic longitude meandegpos.galactic.lone_GLONGalactic longitude standard deviationdegstat.errordoubleGLATGalactic latitude meandegpos.galactic.latdoublee_GLATGalactic latitude standard deviationdegstat.errordoubleplxParallax meanmaspos.parallax.trigdoublepmRAProper motion in right ascension mean, pmRA*cosDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAProper motion in right ascension standard deviationmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDEProper motion in declination meanmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEProper motion in declination standard deviationmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleNote[ab] Note (1)meta.notecharJ/A+A/635/A45/table2Members for the reported UBC clusters (updated, 07-Apr-2020)SimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decnullableindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSourceGaia source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight Ascension (ICRS) at ep=2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latdoubleplxParallaxmaspos.parallax.trigdoublepmRAProper motion in right ascension, pmRA*cosDEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDEProper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleRV? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableGmagGaia G magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoubleBP-RP? Gaia BP_RPmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RdoublenullableClusterCluster namemeta.id.parentchar