Gaia DR2 open clusters in the Milky Way. II J/A+A/633/A99 ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/633/A99 doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36330099 CDS Cantat-Gaudin T. Anders F. 2022-03-02T11:45:02Z 2020-01-20T08:48:56Z CDS support team CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France cds-question@unistra.fr open-star-clusters milky-way-galaxy Many of the open clusters listed in modern catalogues were first reported by visual astronomers as apparent over-densities of bright stars. As observational techniques and analysis methods improved, some of them have been shown to be chance alignments of stars and are not true clusters. Recent publications making use of Gaia DR2 data provided membership list for over a thousand clusters, but many nearby objects listed in the literature have so far evaded detection. We update the Gaia DR2 cluster census by performing membership determinations for known clusters that had been missed by previous studies, and for recently discovered clusters. We investigate a subset of non-detected clusters that according to their literature parameters should be easily visible in the Gaia . Confirming or disproving the existence of old, inner-disc, high-altitude clusters is especially important as their survival or disruption is linked to the dynamical processes that drive the evolution of the Milky Way. We employ the Gaia DR2 catalogue and a membership assignment procedure, as well as visual inspection of spatial, proper motion, and parallax distributions. We use membership lists provided by other authors when they are available. We derive membership lists for 150 objects, including 10 that were known prior to Gaia . We compile a final list of members for 1481 clusters. Among the objects that we are still unable to identify with Gaia data, we argue that many (mostly putative old, relatively nearby, high-altitude objects) are not true clusters. At present, the only confirmed cluster located further than 500pc away from the Galactic plane within the Solar circle is NGC 6791. It is likely that the objects discussed in this study only represent a fraction of the non-physical groupings erroneously listed in the catalogues as genuine open clusters, and that those lists need further cleaning. 2020A&A...633A..99C https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/633/A99 Catalog Research IsServedBy TAP VizieR generic service IsServedBy Conesearch service related-to I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018) J/A+A/618/A93 : Gaia DR2 open clusters in the Milky Way (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2018) J/A+A/623/A108 : Age of 269 GDR2 open clusters (Bossini+, 2019) https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/633/A99 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/633/A99 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/633/A99 https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/633/A99 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/633/A99 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/633/A99 GET text/xml+votable https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap Cone search capability for table J/A+A/633/A99/table1 (Mean parameters of the identified clusters) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/633/A99/table1? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/633/A99/table1? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/633/A99/table1? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 51.87 34.981 0.005555555555555556 Cone search capability for table J/A+A/633/A99/members (*Members) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/633/A99/members? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/633/A99/members? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/633/A99/members? GET text/xml+votable 180.0 50000 true 52.7565575323148 34.6895307008798 0.005555555555555556 4/28 110 193 196 206 225 882 888 891 897 961 1794-1795 1800 1882 1941 1984 1986 2333 2355 2363 2383 2449 2471 2489 2582 2609 2650-2651 2654 5/116 118 120-121 123-124 126 251 299-300 302-303 319-320 323-324 327 329 331 334-336 338-339 345-348 353 361-365 368 370 389 394-395 411-412 422 426 429 431 434-435 445-446 448 463 478 480 482 485-487 492 494 587 595-596 598-599 604-605 609 615 735 761-762 764-765 777-781 783 792 794 800 813-815 818-819 821-823 829 840 865 867-868 870 883 891 898-899 905 908 910 912 914-915 921 928 931 935-936 948-949 1019 1171 1174 1177 1180 1679 1690 1720 3229 3231 3235 3242 3246 3272 3274-3275 3279 3290 3298-3299 3323 3326 3436 3438 3490 3495 3497 3503 3508 3514-3515 3521 3523-3524 3532-3534 3540 3545 3556 3558 3560 3563 3570 3573 3575-3578 3581-3582 3585-3586 3593 3596-3597 3600 3602-3603 3606 3608-3609 3613 3638 3642-3643 3650-3651 3655-3657 3659-3662 3666-3667 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41642-41643 41646 41648-41649 41651-41652 41655 41658 41668 41670-41673 41675-41678 41681-41682 41684 41686-41689 41691-41694 41707 41712 41714 41720 41728-41730 41737 41739-41742 41765 41767 41772-41773 41775 41782 41785-41786 41788-41789 41791-41792 41794 41797 41799 41805-41807 41816-41818 41820-41821 41840 41842-41844 41846-41847 41849 41852 41856 41858 41861-41864 41868-41869 41871-41872 41874 41877-41878 41885 41892-41893 41920-41922 41928 41933 41935 41938 41944 41946 42003 42008-42010 42016-42017 42019 42034-42035 42038 42077 42079 42088 42090 42101 42103 42112-42114 42116 42120 42128-42129 42139 42145-42147 42153-42157 42159 42164-42166 42168-42170 42172-42173 42175 42177-42178 42181 42186 42190-42192 42197 42202-42203 42206-42207 42212-42213 42216-42218 42220 42225 42227-42229 42231 42233 42239 42247-42248 42250-42251 42253 42255 42257-42260 42262-42263 42276-42278 42280 42282 42284 42288-42289 42296 42303 42316 42318 42321 42323-42324 42327 42329 42331 42333-42335 42340-42341 42351 42353 42361 42363 42370-42371 42374-42375 42380 42383 42387 42390 42393-42396 42398-42399 42437-42439 42442-42443 42445-42447 42449-42451 42456 42458 42462 42480 42482 42486-42488 42492 42496-42497 42500 42502-42503 42505 42508-42509 42511 42514 42516 42521-42523 42526 42532-42533 42544 42548 42579 42585 42587 42760-42762 42764-42766 42776 42778 42805-42807 42813 42838 42840-42841 42843 42848 42850-42851 42856-42858 42865 42868-42869 43009-43013 43021-43023 43030-43034 43036-43037 43040-43042 43052 43054 43056 43059 43062 43065 43068 43073 43076 43119 43123 43132 43134 43136-43138 43140 43159 43163 43185 43187 43202-43203 43220 43222 43228 43236-43237 43240 43242 43279 43285 43287 43290-43291 43300-43301 43312 43316 43319 43328 43330 43360-43361 43441-43443 43448-43450 43452 43536 43539-43541 43777 43781-43783 43792 43794-43795 47270-47271 47280 47282-47283 47286 47617 47619 47625 47640-47642 47648-47650 47652 47657-47658 47744 47746-47747 47753-47755 47776-47778 47784 47786 47791 47802-47803 47807 47849-47852 47854-47855 48111 49097 49099-49100 49102 49121 49124 https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/633/A99?format=ascii default J/A+A/633/A99/table1 Mean parameters of the identified clusters SimbadName Simbad column added by the CDS meta.id char nullable recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int Cluster Cluster name (cluster) meta.id.parent char RA_ICRS [] Mean right ascension of members (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5 (ra) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main DE_ICRS Mean declination of members (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5 (dec) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main GLON Mean Galactic longitude of members (l) deg pos.galactic.lon _RA.icrs Right ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into account deg pos.eq.ra nullable indexed _DE.icrs Declination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into account deg pos.eq.dec nullable indexed GLAT Mean Galactic latitude of members (b) deg pos.galactic.lat float r50 Radius containing half the members (r50) deg phys.angSize float N Number of members (probability over 0.5) (nbstars) meta.number int pmRA Mean proper motion along RA of members, pmRA*cosDE (pmra) mas/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra float s_pmRA Standard deviation of pmRA of members (sigpmra) mas/yr stat.stdev;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra float e_pmRA Standard deviation of pmRA of members over square root of nbstars (uncertpmra) mas/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra float pmDE Mean proper motion along DE of members (pmdec) mas/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec float s_pmDE Standard deviation of pmdec of members (sigpmdec) mas/yr stat.stdev float e_pmDE Standard deviation of pmdec of members over square root of nbstars (uncertpmdec) mas/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec float Plx Mean parallax of members (par) mas pos.parallax;stat.mean float s_Plx Standard deviation of parallax of members (sigpar) mas stat.stdev;pos.parallax float e_Plx Standard deviation of parallax of members over square root of nbstars (uncertpar) mas stat.error;pos.parallax float dmode05 5th percentile distance confidence interval (d05) pc stat.error float dmode16 16th percentile distance confidence interval (d16) pc stat.error float dmode Most likely distance (dmode) pc pos.distance float dmode84 84th percentile distance confidence interval (d84) pc stat.error float dmode95 95th percentile distance confidence interval (d95) pc stat.error float dmode+01 Distance if +0.1mas added to parallax (dmodePLUS01) pc pos.distance float dmode-01 ? Distance if -0.1mas added to parallax null if mean parallax under 0.1mas (dmodeMINUS01) pc pos.distance float nullable X X position in Galactic cartesian coordinates (X) pc pos.distance;pos.cartesian.x;pos.galactic double Y Y position in Galactic cartesian coordinates (Y) pc pos.distance;pos.cartesian.y;pos.galactic double Z Z position in Galactic cartesian coordinates (Z) pc pos.distance;pos.cartesian.z;pos.galactic float Rgc Distance from Galactic centre assuming the Sun is at 8340pc (Rgc) pc pos.distance;pos.galactocentric float
J/A+A/633/A99/members *Members SimbadName Simbad column added by the CDS meta.id char nullable Source Gaia DR2 source ID (source_id) meta.id;meta.main GLAT Galactic latitude (b) deg pos.galactic.lat double Plx Absolute stellar parallax (parallax) mas pos.parallax double e_Plx Standard error of parallax (parallax_error) mas stat.error;pos.parallax float pmRA Proper motion in right ascension direction (pmRA*cosDE) (pmra) mas/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra double e_pmRA Standard error of proper motion in right ascension direction (pmra_error) mas/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra float pmDE Proper motion in declination direction (pmdec) mas/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec double _RA.icrs Right ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into account deg pos.eq.ra nullable indexed _DE.icrs Declination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into account deg pos.eq.dec nullable indexed BP-RP ? BP-RP colour (bp_rp) mag phot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.R float nullable recno Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int RA_ICRS Barycentric right ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5 (ra) deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main indexed DE_ICRS Barycentric declination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5 (dec) deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main indexed GLON Galactic longitude (l) deg pos.galactic.lon e_pmDE Standard error of proper motion in declination direction (pmdec_error) mas/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec float RV ? Spectroscopic radial velocity in the solar barycentric reference frame (radial_velocity) km/s phys.veloc;pos.heliocentric double nullable e_RV ? Radial velocity error (radial_velocity_error) km/s stat.error double nullable RADEcor Correlation between right ascension and declination (ra_dec_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.ra;pos.eq.dec RAPlxcor Correlation between right ascension and parallax (ra_parallax_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.ra;pos.parallax RApmRAcor Correlation between right ascension and proper motion in right ascension (ra_pmra_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.ra;pos.pm RApmDEcor Correlation between right ascension and proper motion in declination (ra_pmdec_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.ra;pos.pm DEPlxcor Correlation between declination and parallax (dec_parallax_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.dec;pos.parallax DEpmRAcor Correlation between declination and proper motion in right ascension (dec_pmra_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.dec;pos.pm DEpmDEcor Correlation between declination and proper motion in declination (dec_pmdec_corr) stat.correlation;pos.eq.dec;pos.pm PlxpmRAcor Correlation between parallax and proper motion in right ascension (parallax_pmra_corr) stat.correlation;pos.parallax;pos.pm float PlxpmDEcor Correlation between parallax and proper motion in declination (parallax_pmdec_corr) stat.correlation;pos.parallax;pos.pm float pmRApmDEcor Correlation between proper motion in right ascension and proper motion in declination (pmra_pmdec_corr) stat.correlation;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra float o_Gmag Number of observations contributing to G photometry (phot_g_n_obs) meta.number int Gmag G-band mean magnitude (Vega) (phot_g_mean_mag) mag phot.mag;em.opt float Proba Membership probability (proba) (1) stat.probability float Cluster Cluster name (cluster) meta.id.parent char