J/A+A/630/A110ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/630/A110doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36300110CDSGanci V.Marziani P.D'Onofrio M.del Olmo A.Bon E.Bon N.,Negrete C.A.2021-01-08T16:54:19Z2019-09-30T08:30:19ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsactive-galactic-nucleiradio-sourcesredshiftedWhen can an active galactic nucleus (AGN) be considered radio-loud? Following the established view of the AGNs inner workings, an AGN is radio-loud if associated with relativistic ejections emitting a radio synchrotron spectrum (i.e., it is a "jetted" AGN). In this paper we exploit the AGN main sequence that offers a powerful tool to contextualize radio properties. If large samples of optically-selected quasars are considered, AGNs are identified as radio-loud if their Kellermann's radio loudness ratio R_K_>10. Our aims are to characterize the optical properties of different classes based on radioloudness within the main sequence and to test whether the condition R_K_>10 is sufficient for the identification of RL AGNs, since the origin of relatively strong radio emission may not be necessarily due to relativistic ejection. A sample of 355 quasars was selected by cross-correlating the FIRST survey with the SDSS DR14 quasar catalog. We classified the optical spectra according to their spectral types along the main sequence of quasars. For each spectral type, we distinguished compact and extended morphology (providing a FIRST-based atlas of radio maps in the latter case), and three classes of radio-loudness: detected (specific flux ratio in the g band and at 1.4GHz, R_K'_<10), intermediate (10R_K'_<70), and radio loud (R_K'_>=70). The analysis revealed systematic differences between radio-detected (i.e., radio-quiet), radio-intermediate, and radio-loud in each spectral type along the main sequence. We show that spectral bins that contain the extreme Population A sources have radio power compatible with emission by mechanisms ultimately due to star formation processes. Radio-loud sources of Population B are characteristically jetted. Their broad H{beta} profiles can be interpreted as due to a binary broad-line region. We suggest that RL Population B sources should be preferential targets for the search of black hole binaries, and present a sample of binary black hole AGN candidates. The validity of the Kellermann's criterion may be dependent on the source location along the quasar main sequence. The consideration of the MS trends allowed to distinguish between sources whose radio emission mechanisms is "jetted" from the ones where the mechanism is likely to be fundamentally different.2019A&A...630A.110Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/630/A110CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/279 : SDSS quasar catalog: twelfth data release (Paris+, 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/630/A110https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/630/A110http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/630/A110https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/630/A110https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/630/A110http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/630/A110GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/630/A110/tablea1 (CD AGNs sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/630/A110/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/630/A110/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/630/A110/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.71666676.25255560.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/630/A110/tablea2 (FRII coordinates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/630/A110/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/630/A110/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/630/A110/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true15.73210.61747220.0055555555555555566/11 32 4200 4217 4289 4339 4350 4355 4367 4383 4394 4464 4466 4502 4542 4572 4598 4657 4659 4805 4812 4825 4863 4887-4888 4993-4994 5006 5133 5151 5153 5167 5169 5180 5189 5226 5264 5289 5342 5366 5376 5435 5456 5469 5473 5477-5478 5524 5526 5570 5597-5598 5607 5620 5713 5727 5749 5843 5848 5857 5865 5894 5909 5927 6004 6010 6017 6030-6031 6045 6064 6095 6108 6110 6121 6131 6149 6364 6486 6495 6497 6515 6625 6654 6739 7192 7201 7205 7229 7236 7238 7272-7273 7310 7329 7342 7348 7351 7371 7404 7426 7432 7488 7492-7493 8224 8249 8272 8286 8340 8388 8415 8479 8499 8555 8657 8819 8866 8887 8934 9033 9035 9098 9240 9296 9344 9355 9492 9497 9503 9505 9510 9619 9628 9631 9641 9655 9799 9809 9812 9853 9862 9886 9893 9955 9968 9998 10035 10117 10124 10148 10269 10298 10307-10308 10318 10335 10337 10352 10400 10412 10516 10520 10558 10572 10576 10586 10592 10641 10650 10688 10707 10715 10721 10748 10761 10764 10865 10868 10878-10879 10905 10908 10941 10976-10977 10983-10984 10986 11011 11014 11027 11035 11038 11042 11048 11050 11082 11111 11132 11156 11167 11181 11222 11243 11286 11314 11326 11406 11432 11533 11566 11812 12340 17273 17356 17383 17391 17655 17685 17690 17700 17702 17730 17754 17756 17772 17844 17925 17958 17985 17988 18023 18082 18171 18175 18201 18237 18251 18272 18299 18316 18331 18333 18354 18655 18670 18678 18766 18810 18821 18865 18933 19076 19088 19090 19097 19101 19109 19135 19182 19317 19372 19459 19486 19508 19532-19534 19627-19628 26072 26079 26227 26301 26324 26379 26386 26457 26472 26554 26873 26977 26984 27014 27188 27194 27196 27217 27255 27370 27520 27536 27578 27599 27602 27607 27617 27635 27646 27671 27684 27789 27793 27843 27867 27906 27908 27963 28040 28058 28092 28102 28132 28146 28162 28257 28276 28289 28318-28319 28335 28356 28359 28368 28394 28396 28400 28444 28453 28478 28495 28544 28642 31477 31528 31599 31617 31626 31728 32417 32497 32684 36788-3.4771685954054845e-18 4.139003408266671e-18https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/630/A110?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/630/A110/tablea1CD AGNs samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSDSSSDSS identification (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharzRedshiftsrc.redshiftdoubleFgg-band specific flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.VfloatFpeak1.41.4GHz peak specific flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzdoubleFint1.4? 1.4GHz integrated specific flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzdoublenullablelogRKDecimal log. of Kellerman's parameterphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatlogL5100Decimal logarithm of luminosity at 5100{AA}log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloatlogP14Decimal log. of 1.4 GHz radio powerlog(W.s**-1)phot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatFWHMHbFull width half maximum of H{beta}km/sspect.line.width;em.line.Hbetafloatl_RFeIILimit flag on RFeIImeta.code.errorcharRFeIIRatio of the integrated flux of the FeII {lambda}4570 blend of multiplets and that of the H{beta} full broad component.phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatClassClassification codemeta.code.classcharNote[*] * indicates a note (1)meta.notecharSDSS-QSODisplay the SDSS-QSO DR2 data (Paris et al., 2017, Cat. VII/279meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SDSS name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SDSS name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/630/A110/tablea2FRII coordinatesDE1deg1 lobe declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSDSSSDSS identification (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharRAdegCore right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDEdegCore declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decRA1deg1 lobe right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raSep11 lobe separation from corearcsecpos.angDistancefloatRA2deg2 lobe right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDE2deg2 lobe declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decSep22 lobe separation from corearcsecpos.angDistancefloatAngleOpening angle between the 2 lobes as seen from the SDSS coredegpos.angDistancefloatSDSS-QSODisplay the SDSS-QSO DR2 data (Paris et al., 2017, Cat. VII/279meta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from SDSS name (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SDSS name (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/630/A110/tablea3FRII parametersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSDSSSDSS identification (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharzRedshiftsrc.redshiftdoubleFgg-band specific flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.VfloatFint1.41.4GHz integrated specific flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatlogRKDecimal logarithm of Kellerman's parameterphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatlogL5100Decimal logarithm of luminosity at 5100{AA}log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloatlogP1.4decimal log. of 1.4GHz radio powerlog(W.s**-1)phot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatFWHMHbFull width half maximum of H{beta}km/sspect.line.width;em.line.Hbetadoublel_RFeIILimit flag on RFeIImeta.code.errorcharRFeIIRatio of the integrated flux of the FeII {lambda}4570 blend of multiplets and that of the H{beta} full broad componentphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatClassClassification codemeta.code.classchar