J/A+A/623/A116ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/623/A116doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36230116CDSKervella P.Gallenne A.Evans N.R.Szabados L.Arenou F.Merand A.,Proto Y.Karczmarek P.Nardetto N.Gieren W.Pietrzynski G.2019-03-21T11:35:23Z2019-03-14T07:56:02ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyvariable-starsmultiple-starsproper-motionsClassical Cepheids (CCs) and RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) are important classes of variable stars used as standard candles to estimate galactic and extragalactic distances. Their multiplicity is imperfectly known, particularly for RRLs. Astoundingly, only one RRL is convincingly demonstrated to be a binary as of today, TU UMa, out of tens of thousands of known RRLs. We aim at detecting the binary and multiple stars present in a sample of Milky Way CCs and RRLs. In the present article, we combine the Hipparcos and Gaia DR2 positions to determine the mean proper motion of the targets, and we search for proper motion anomalies (PMa) caused by close-in orbiting companions. We identify 57 CC binaries from PMa out of 254 tested stars, and 75 additional candidates, confirming the high binary fraction of these massive stars. For 28 binary CCs, we determine the companion mass by combining their spectroscopic orbital parameters and astrometric PMa. We detect 13 RRLs showing a significant PMa out of 198 tested stars, and 61 additional candidates. We determine that the binarity fraction of CCs is likely above 80%, while that of RRLs is at least 7%. The newly detected systems will be useful to improve our understanding of their evolutionary states. The discovery of a significant number of RRLs in binary systems also resolves the long-standing mystery of their extremely low apparent binarity fraction.2019A&A...623A.116Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/623/A116CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)J/A+A/623/A117 : Galactic Cepheids & RR Lyrae multiplicity II (Kervella+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/623/A116https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/623/A116http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/623/A116https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/623/A116https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/623/A116http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/623/A116GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/623/A116/ceppma (Proper motion anomalies of Cepheids)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A116/ceppma?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A116/ceppma?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A116/ceppma?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true143.4619147-36.61576170.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/623/A116/rrlyrpma (Proper motion anomalies of RR Lyrae stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A116/rrlyrpma?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A116/rrlyrpma?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A116/rrlyrpma?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.929540829.40100920.0055555555555555565/9482 6/110 1239 1294 1340 1388 1426 1431-1432 1445 1625 1663 1679 1858 1920 1985 2058 2089 2484 2629 3000 3005 3033 3045 3049 3239 3263 3309 3342 3361 3599-3600 3616 3632 3641 3712 3714 3731 3849 4037 4286 4479 4762 4942 5503 6301 6567 6744 6934 7174 7518 7900 8064 8294 8466 8523 8773 9027 9138 9363 9509 9769 9845 9938 10169 10328 10362 10541 10584 10602 10638 10898 10985 11098 11123 11492 11538 11961 12512 12685 12695 12743 12773 12846 12934 12971 12987 13166 13201 13205 13288 13309-13310 13680 13931 13933 13961 13990 14009 14047 14205 14217 14238-14239 14260 14262 14267 14271 14283 14291 14295 14303 14323-14324 14328 14373 14404 14409 14424 14436 14533 14601 14607 14625 14637 14718 14770 15220 15360 15388 15396 15414 15429 15618 15633 15660 16018 16022 16126 16602 16820 16849 16867 16923 17158 17328 18177 19110 19169 19333 19998 20097 20267 20303 20497 20541 21127 21146 21182 21514 21533 21542 21632 21648 21671 21700 21961 22069 22071 22106 22111 22115-22116 22219 22221 22267 22913 23619 23622 23662 23778 23841 23846 23852 23922 23936 24002 24146 24226 24326 24372 24411 24772 24866 25199 25491 25611 25803 25953 26079 26097 26131 26281 26435 26487 26515 26756 26981 27333 27824 27833 27998 28040 28143 28155 28227 28582 28674 28701 28717 28779 28808 28813 28819 28831 28893 28991 29032 29081 29095 29104 29110 29126 29166 29216 29468 29533 29665 29772 29875 29897 30055 30128 30211 30222-30223 30245 30258 30307 30311 30321-30322 30333 30580 30609 30641 30868 30923 31390 31456 31648 31743 31866 32012 32074 32254 32636 32663 33342 33465 33804 33996 34240 34285 34537 35151 35423 35514 35611 35686 36363 36535 36605 36704 36781 37203 37223 37235 37303 37332 37334 37336 37340 37357 37364 37544 37674 37713 37723 37729 37741 37745 37757 37789 37829 37856 37867 37870 37888 37903-37904 37917 37923 37926-37927 37938-37939 37963 37970 38020 38022-38024 38026 38029 38049 38087 38456 38627 38809 38947 39125 39152 39217 39232 39244 39348 39374 39410 39475 39766 39771 39790 39886 39889 39891-39892 39908 39933 39935 40491 40494 40608 40627 40651 40806 40988 40998 41022 41191 41318 41375 41383 41385 41461 41556 41599 41605 41608 41667 41673 41697-41698 41721-41722 41737 41761-41762 41810 41813 41842 41862 42053 42138 42155-42156 42185 42260 42297 42352 42378 42500 42672 42820 43017 43022 43028 43041 43047 43060 43405 43764 44296 44326 44498 44900 45040 45086 45164 45215 45286 45676 45796 46069 46373 46520 47273 47419 47618 47821 47962 48113 48194 48228 48459 48911 48916 49086https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/623/A116?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/623/A116/ceppmaProper motion anomalies of CepheidsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameCepheid namemeta.id;meta.maincharPeriodPulsation perioddtime.periodfloatPlxParallaxmaspos.parallaxfloatr_Plx[GHB] Origin of parallax (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharpmRAHGHip-Gaia proper motion in RA direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAHGStandard error of Hip-Gaia PM in right ascension directionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEHGHip-Gaia proper motion in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEHGStandard error of Hip-Gaia PM in declination directionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatdpmRAHHGHip-HG proper motion anomaly in RA direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmRAHHGStandard error of differential Hip-HG PM in right ascension directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatdpmDEHHGHip-HG proper motion anomaly in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmDEHHGStandard error of differential Hip-HG PM in declination directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatHHGSNRHip-HG proper motion anomaly SNRmas/yrpos.pm;stat.snrfloatdpmRAGHGGDR2-HG proper motion anomaly in RA direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmRAGHGStandard error of differential GDR2-HG PM in right ascension directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatdpmDEGHGGDR2-HG proper motion anomaly in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmDEGHGStandard error of differential GDR2-HG PM in declination directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatGHGSNRGDR2-HG proper motion anomaly SNRmas/yrpos.pm;stat.snrfloatbinflagBinarity flagmeta.codeintQflagQuality flag on Arenou et al. (2018A&A...616A..17A) criteriameta.code.qualintRUWEGaia DR2 renormalized unit weight errorstat.errorfloatRflagQuality flag on RUWE<1.4 criterionmeta.code.qualintbintypeBinary type from Szabados database (2)src.classcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAExplain (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEExplain (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/623/A116/rrlyrpmaProper motion anomalies of RR Lyrae starsRflagQuality flag on RUWE<1.4 criterionmeta.code.qualintRRtypeRR lyrae variable subtypemeta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameRR Lyrae star namemeta.id;meta.maincharPeriodPulsation perioddtime.periodfloatPlxParallaxmaspos.parallaxfloatr_Plx[G] Origin of parallax (G=Gaia DR2, Cat. I/345)meta.ref;pos.framecharpmRAHGHip-Gaia proper motion in RA direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAHGStandard error of Hip-Gaia PM in right ascension directionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDEHGHip-Gaia proper motion in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEHGStandard error of Hip-Gaia PM in declination directionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatdpmRAHHGHip-HG proper motion anomaly in RA direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmRAHHGStandard error of differential Hip-HG PM in right ascension directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatdpmDEHHGHip-HG proper motion anomaly in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmDEHHGStandard error of differential Hip-HG PM in declination directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatHHGSNRHip-HG proper motion anomaly SNRmas/yrpos.pm;stat.snrfloatdpmRAGHGGDR2-HG proper motion anomaly in RA direction (pmRA*cosDE)mas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmRAGHGStandard error of differential GDR2-HG PM in right ascension directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatdpmDEGHGGDR2-HG proper motion anomaly in declination directionmas/yrpos.pm;arith.diffdoublee_dpmDEGHGStandard error of differential GDR2-HG PM in declination directionmas/yrstat.errorfloatGHGSNRGDR2-HG proper motion anomaly SNRmas/yrpos.pm;stat.snrfloatbinflagBinarity flagmeta.codeintQflagQuality flag on Arenou et al. (2018A&A...616A..17A) criteriameta.code.qualintRUWEGaia DR2 renormalized unit weight errorstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAExplain (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEExplain (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main