J/A+A/623/A105ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/623/A105doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36230105CDSGao X.Y.Reich P.Hou L.G.Reich W.Han J.L.2019-03-21T10:51:58Z2019-03-12T07:53:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frh-ii-regionsradio-sourcesLarge-scale radio continuum surveys provide data to get insights into the physical properties of radio sources. HII regions are prominent radio sources produced by thermal emission of ionised gas around young massive stars. We identify and analyse HII regions in the Sino-German {lambda}6cm polarisation survey of the Galactic plane. Objects with flat radio continuum spectra together with infrared and/or H{alpha} emission were identified to be HII regions. For HII regions with small apparent sizes, we cross-matched the {lambda}6cm small-diameter source catalogue with the radio HII region catalogue compiled by Paladini and the infrared HII region catalogue based on the WISE data. Effelsberg {lambda}21cm and {lambda}11cm continuum survey data were used to determine source spectra. High angular resolution data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey and the NVSS were used to solve the confusion when low angular resolution observations are not sufficient. Extended HII regions were identified by overlaying the Paladini and the WISE HII regions onto the {lambda}6cm survey images for coincidences by eye. The TT-plot method was employed for spectral index verification. 401 HII regions were identified and their flux densities were determined with the Sino-German {lambda}6cm survey data. In the surveyed area, 76 pairs of sources are found to be duplicated in the Paladini HII region catalogue mainly due to the non-distinction of previous observations with different angular resolutions, and 78 objects in their catalogue are misclassified as HII regions, being actually planetary nebulae, supernova remnants or extragalactic sources that have steep spectra. More than 30 HII regions and HII region candidates from our {lambda}6cm survey data, especially extended ones, do not have counterparts in the WISE HII region catalogue, among which 9 are identified for the first time. Our results imply that some more Galactic HII regions still await to be discovered and the combination of multi-domain observations is important for HII region identification. Based on the newly derived radio continuum spectra and the evidence of infrared emission, the previously identified SNRs G11.1-1.0, G20.4+0.1 and G16.4-0.5 are believed to be HII regions.2019A&A...623A.105Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/623/A105CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/397/213 : Galactic HII regions (Paladini+, 2003)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/623/A105https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/623/A105http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/623/A105https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/623/A105https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/623/A105http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/623/A105GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/623/A105/table2 (Small-diameter HII regions identified in the Urumqi {lambda}6cm survey by comparing with the Paladini HII region catalogue)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true272.36249-20.426020.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/623/A105/table3 (Small-diameter HII regions that have WISE HII region counterparts but not in Paladini catalogue)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true273.18501-18.388710.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/623/A105/table4 (Extended HII regions in the Urumqi {lambda}6cm survey)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true274.4273-19.64220.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/623/A105/table5 (78 misclassifications found in the Paladini HII region catalogue with the Urumqi {lambda}6cm data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/623/A105/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true271.312-19.855960.0055555555555555565/7278 7377 7383 7564 7604 7654 7661 6/1287 1293 1297 1303 1329-1330 1335-1336 1354 1379 1386 1390 1631 1653 1781 1789 1791 1808 1811 1814 1839 1848 1930 1933 1953 1956 1963 2935 3031 3052 3058-3059 3067-3068 3070-3071 3156 3175 3188 3190 3267-3268 3272 3289-3290 3299-3301 3309 3314 3320 3339 3601 3606 3618 3630 3644 3648-3649 3716 3718-3719 3722 3724 3727 3730 3746 12942 12971 12975 13291 13306 14063 14077 14251 14255 14263 14267 14275 14280 14293 14299-14300 14306-14308 14310-14311 14314 14317 14321 14337 14341 14344 14353-14355 14358-14359 14364-14366 14389 14400 14403 14406 14408-14409 14411 14413 14415 14418-14419 14426 14430-14431 14453 14603 14605 14607 14620-14622 14624 14633 14640-14641 14644 14649 14666-14667 14670-14671 14682-14683 14687-14688 14690-14694 14696-14698 14704 14706 14709 14711 14716 14719 14741 14784 15368 15370 15379 15385 15390-15391 15394 15405 15408-15410 15412 15429 15431 15435 15442 15448 15451 15456 15458 15460-15461 15465 15469 15473-15474 15478 15621 15626-15627 15629 15632 15634 15642 15646 15680 15682-15683 15697 21550 21641 21643 21646 21650 21657 21671 21679 22022 22038-22039 22041 22045 22075 22078 22080 22115 22167 22208 22216 22240 22259 23645 23674 23762 23764 23766 23768 23774-23775 23795 23797 23938 23963 23968-23969 23982 23995 24158 24325 24378 24425-24426 24554-24555 29090-29091 29093-29097 29101-29103 29111 29116 29118-29119 29161-29162 29176 29444 29452 29463 29467 29469 29505 29513 29515 29519 29522 29528-29529 29556 30210 30218-30219 30222 30241 30243-30245 30247 30262-30263 30267-30269 30271 30312-30313 30315 30317-30319 30328-30330 30341 30405 30420 30423 30428 30505-30507 30511 30592 30594-30595 30600-30602 30604-30605 30622 30624 30628 30640 30648 30656 30669 30682 30688 30691 30694-30695 30701 30706-30708 30712 30715-30716 30718-30719 32081 32085 320929.276497240453405e-25 3.180513520130092e-24https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/623/A105?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/A+A/623/A105/table2Small-diameter HII regions identified in the Urumqi {lambda}6cm survey by comparing with the Paladini HII region cataloguel_SUpper limit flag for Smeta.code.errorcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNo[129/932] HII region number in Paladini HII region catalogue, Cat. J/A+A/397/213meta.idintNameName based on Galactic coordinatesmeta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic Longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic Latitudedegpos.galactic.latr_GLONReference for coordinates, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharDist? Distancekpcpos.distancefloatnullablee_Dist? rms uncertainty on Distkpcstat.errorfloatnullabler_DistReference for distance, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharS1.4GHz? Effelsberg 1.4GHz flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatnullableS2.7GHz? Effelsberg 2.7GHz flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.1500-3000MHzfloatnullableS4.8GHz? Urumqi 4.8GHz flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloatnullableS? Multi-frequency flux densities in literatureJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatnullableFreqObserving frequency for SGHzem.freqfloatr_SReferences for multi-frequency flux densities in literature, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharRemNotes for the sourcephot.flux.density;em.radiochar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/623/A105/table3Small-diameter HII regions that have WISE HII region counterparts but not in Paladini cataloguerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/74] HII region numbermeta.id;obs.fieldintNameName based on Galactic coordinatesmeta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic Longitude of the Urumqi 6cm sourcedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic Latitude of the Urumqi 6cm sourcedegpos.galactic.latl_ThetamajUpper limit flag on Thetamajmeta.code.errorcharThetamajMajor axis of the intrinsic sizearcminphys.angSizefloatl_ThetaminUpper limit flag on Thetaminmeta.code.errorcharThetaminMinor axis of the intrinsic sizearcminphys.angSizefloatS4.8GHzUrumqi 4.8GHz flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloatGLONWGalactic longitude of the WISE sourcedegpos.galactic.lonGLATWGalactic latitude of the WISE sourcedegpos.galactic.latfloatThetaSize of the WISE sourcearcminphys.angSizefloatType[KCQG] WISE typesrc.classcharNote[*] Note on WISE type (1)meta.notecharDist? Distance for the HII regionkpcpos.distancefloatnullablee_Dist? rms uncertainty on Distkpcstat.errorfloatnullabler_DistReference for distance, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharRemNotes for the sourcephot.flux.density;em.radiochar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/623/A105/table4Extended HII regions in the Urumqi {lambda}6cm surveyrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/107] HII region number (1)meta.id;obs.fieldintNameName based on Galactic coordinatesmeta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic Longitude of the Urumqi 6cm sourcedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic Latitude of the Urumqi 6cm sourcedegpos.galactic.latThetamajMajor axis of the apparent sizearcminphys.angSizefloatThetaminMinor axis of the apparent sizearcminphys.angSizefloatS4.8GHzUrumqi 4.8GHz flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloatGLONW? Galactic longitude of the WISE sourcedegpos.galactic.lonnullableGLATW? Galactic latitude of the WISE sourcedegpos.galactic.latfloatnullableTheta? Size of the WISE sourcearcminphys.angSizefloatnullableDist? Distance for the HII regionkpcpos.distancefloatnullablee_Dist? rms uncertainty on Distkpcstat.errorfloatnullabler_DistReference for distance, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharRemNotes for the sourcephot.flux.density;em.radiochar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/623/A105/table578 misclassifications found in the Paladini HII region catalogue with the Urumqi {lambda}6cm datarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNo[130/900] HII region number in Paladini HII region catalogue, Cat. J/A+A/397/213meta.idintNameName based on Galactic coordinatesmeta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latRefReference for coordinatesmeta.ref;pos.framecharS1.4GHz? Effelsberg 1.4GHz flux density (except No. 848)Jyphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatnullableS2.7GHz? Effelsberg 2.7GHz flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.1500-3000MHzfloatnullableS4.8GHz? Urumqi 4.8GHz Flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.3-6GHzfloatnullableSMulti-frequency flux densities in literatureJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatFreqObserving frequencyGHzem.freqfloatr_SReference for multi-frequency flux densities in literature, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharRemNotes for the sources not being HII regionsphot.flux.density;em.radiochar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/623/A105/refsReferencesAtuAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorcharComCommentsmeta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.notecharBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodechar