J/A+A/622/A120ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/622/A120doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36220120CDSUttenthaler S.McDonald I.Bernhard K.Cristallo S.Gobrecht D.2019-03-11T08:05:34Z2019-02-07T09:42:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvariable-starsinfrared-photometryWe follow-up on a previous finding that AGB Mira variables containing the third dredge-up indicator technetium (Tc) in their atmosphere form a different sequence of K-[22] colour as a function of pulsation period than Miras without Tc. A near- to mid-infrared colour such as K-[22] is a good probe for the dust mass-loss rate of the stars. Contrary to what might be expected, Tc-poor Miras show redder K-[22] colours (i.e. higher dust mass-loss rates) than Tc-rich Miras at a given period. Here, the previous sample is extended and the analysis is expanded towards other colours and dust spectra. The most important aim is to investigate if the same two sequences can be revealed in the gas mass-loss rate. We analysed new optical spectra and expanded the sample by including more stars from the literature. Near- and mid-IR photometry and ISO dust spectra of our stars were investigated where available. Literature data of gas mass-loss rates of Miras and semi-regular variables were collected and analysed. Our results show that Tc-poor Miras are redder than Tc-rich Miras in a broad range of the mid-IR, suggesting that the previous finding based on the K-[22] colour is not due to a specific dust feature in the 22-micron band. We establish a linear relation between K-[22] and the gas mass-loss rate. We also find that the 13 micron feature disappears above K-[22]~2.17mag, corresponding to dM/dt}_g_~2.6x10^-7^M_{sun}/yr. No similar sequences of Tc-poor and Tc-rich Miras in the gas mass-loss rate vs. period diagram are found, most probably owing to limitations in the available data. Different hypotheses to explain the observation of two sequences in the P vs. K-[22] diagram are discussed and tested, but so far, none of them convincingly explains the observations. Nevertheless, we might have found an hitherto unknown but potentially important process influencing mass loss on the TP-AGB.2019A&A...622A.120Uhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/622/A120CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/125 : IRAS catalogue of Point Sources, Version 2.0 (IPAC 1986)II/177 : Sample of IRAS Point Sources NIR Photometry (Fouque+ 1992)II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)J/A+A/317/761 : Miras temperatures, distances + magnitudes (Alvarez+ 1997)J/A+A/384/925 : Compiled catalog of stellar data of Miras (Kharchenko+ 2002)J/ApJ/620/961 : Diameters of Mira stars in JHK' bands (Millan-Gabet+, 2005)J/MNRAS/386/313 : IR observations of Mira variables (Whitelock+, 2008)J/MNRAS/399/1709 : Near-infrared survey of Miras (Matsunaga+, 2009)J/ApJS/190/203 : 3.6 years of DIRBE NIR stellar light curves (Price+, 2010)J/A+A/531/A88 : Optical spectra of 12 Miras (Uttenthaler+, 2011)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/622/A120https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/622/A120http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/622/A120https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/622/A120https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/622/A120http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/622/A120GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/622/A120/tablea1 (Data of Tc content, pulsation properties, and IR photometry of stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/622/A120/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/622/A120/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/622/A120/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.008114238.5770350.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/622/A120/tablea2 (CO mass-loss rates and other data of Miras)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/622/A120/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/622/A120/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/622/A120/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.719813343.08398780.0055555555555555566/220 254 592 883 958 1064 1285 1345 1350 1716 1727 1844 1889 1892 1986 2056 2094 2203 2464 2500 2694 2732 2773 2920 2994 3026 3432 3446 3801 3856 4355 4614 4798 4892 4972 5647 6399 6451 6885 7105 7119 7152 7531 7623 8475 8532 9074 9091 9258 9589 9755 9783 9968 10039 10103 10570 11214 11227 11823 11997 12501 12556 12833 12875 12882 12925 13080 13454 13500 13566 13677 13711 13813 13861 13867 13968 14042 14048 14175 14391 14434 14457 14468 14620 14636 14641 14738 14809 14834 14898 15111 15170 15359 15401 15415 15449 16132 16144 16233 16267 16783 17178 17192 17716 17763 18364 18379 19112 19232 19293 19427 19624 19629 20022 20102 20212 20272 20636 20715 20753 20768 21050 21224 21580 21698 22161 22239 22241 22304 22333 22369 22415 22434 22448 22483 22497 22507 22806 22847 22941 23367 23423 23471 23488 23606 23932 24151 24384 24497 24500-24501 24563 24572 25798 26070 26319 26360 26654 26665 26889 28689 28703 28736 28740 28742-28744 28746-28747 28752 28796 28872 29017 29019 29045 29222 29387 29832 29855 29877 29963 30062 30087 30119 30183 30185 30207 30212 30283 30606 30649 30661 30777 31308 31370 31764 31828 32022 32062 32162 32189 32234 32331 32334 32384 32527 32622 33089 33098 33140 33233 33589 33739-33740 33919 34077 34292 34580 34792 36028 36120 36124 36320 36369 36738 36910 37023 37216 37249 37263 37326-37328 37334 37336 37348-37349 37400 37405 37479 37484 37835 37994 38047 38080 38171 38185 38679 38802 38862 39161 39315 39398 39504 39599 39762 39771 39833 39966 40046 40094 40162 40240 40422 40450 41001 41204 41522 41687 41690 41704 41765 41791 41849 41945 41965 42052 42123 42345 42377 42467 42483 42485 42530 42667 42840 43132 43150 43181 43494 43890 44018 44309 44396 44417 44485 44546 44774 44784 45009 45285 45524 45790 46313 46318 46387 46729 46932 47293 47414 47469 47508 47749 47807 47843 47845 47847-47849 47852-47854 47866 47963 48006 48133 48575 48715 48869 491232.2071636714906224e-21 1.7778042830267053e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/622/A120?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/622/A120/tablea1Data of Tc content, pulsation properties, and IR photometry of starsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharVTVariability type (2)meta.code;src.varcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameObject namemeta.id;meta.maincharTc[0/1] Tc content (G1)meta.codeintr_TcReference(s) of Tc content (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharPerPeriod (days)dtime.periodfloatSpT[CMS ] Spectral (chemical) type (G2)src.spTypecharKmagMean K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Kmag? uncertainty of the K-band magnitudemagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableJ-KMean J-K colourmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Kfloate_J-K? uncertainty of the J-K colourmagstat.error;phot.color;em.IR.Jfloatnullabler_J-KReference(s) of J and K magnitudes (3)meta.ref;phot.color;em.IR.JcharD1.25? Mean COBE/DIRBE 1.25um magnitude, see Price et al. (2010ApJS..190..203P)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableD2.20? Mean COBE/DIRBE 2.20um magnitude, see Price et al. (2010ApJS..190..203P)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableIRAS12? IRAS 12um magnitude (4)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableIRAS25? IRAS 25um magnitude (4)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableIRAS60? IRAS 60um magnitude (4)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umfloatnullableAkari9? Akari 9um magnitude (5)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullableAkari18? Akari 18um magnitude (5)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableAkari65? Akari 65um magnitude (5)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umfloatnullableAkari90? Akari 90um magnitude (5)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.60-100umfloatnullableWISE22WISE 22um magnitude (6)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/622/A120/tablea2CO mass-loss rates and other data of MirasTc[0/1]? Tc content (G1)meta.codeintnullablePerPeriod (days)dtime.periodfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameObject namemeta.id;meta.maincharSpT[CMS ] Spectral (chemical) type (G2)src.spTypecharKmagMean K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatWISE22WISE 22um magnitude, see Wright et al., 2010AJ....140.1868Wmagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatMLRCO mass-loss ratesolMass/yrphys.mass.lossdoubler_MLRReference of mass-loss rate (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main