J/A+A/606/A130ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/606/A130doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36060130CDSin't Zand J.J.M.Visser M.E.B.Galloway D.K.Chenevez J.Keek L.,Kuulkers E.Sanchez-Fernandez C.Worpel H.2017-11-03T12:57:04Z2017-10-24T10:40:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frx-ray-binary-starsWhen the upper layer of an accreting neutron star experiences a thermonuclear runaway of helium and hydrogen, it exhibits an X-ray burst of a few keV with a cool-down phase of typically 1 minute. When there is a surplus of hydrogen, hydrogen fusion is expected to simmer during that same minute due to the rp process, which consists of rapid proton captures and slow {beta}-decays of proton-rich isotopes. We have analyzed the high-quality light curves of 1254 X-ray bursts, obtained with the Proportional Counter Array on the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer between 1996 and 2012, to systematically study the cooling and rp process. This is a follow-up of a study on a selection of 37 bursts from systems that lack hydrogen and show only cooling during the bursts.We find that the bolometric light curves are well described by the combination of a power law and a one-sided Gaussian. The power-law decay index is between 1.3 and 2.1 and similar to that for the 37-bursts sample. There are individual bursters with a narrower range. The Gaussian is detected in half of all bursts, with a typical standard deviation of 50s and a fluence ranging up to 60% of the total fluence. The Gaussian appears consistent with being due to the rp process. The Gaussian fluence fraction suggests that the layer where the rp process is active is underabundant in H by a factor of at least five with respect to cosmic abundances. Ninety-four percent of all bursts from ultracompact X-ray binaries lack the Gaussian component, and the remaining 6% are marginal detections. This is consistent with a hydrogen deficiency in these binaries. We find no clear correlation between the power law and Gaussian light-curve components.2017A&A...606A.130Ihttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/606/A130CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+AS/130/233 : WATCH Solar X-Ray Burst Catalogue (Crosby+ 1998)J/PAZh/32/508 : INTEGRAL hard X-ray Bursts in 2003-2004 (Chelovekov+, 2006)J/ApJS/179/360 : Thermonuclear X-ray bursts observed by RXTE (Galloway+ 2008)J/ApJS/180/192 : BeppoSAX/GRBM gamma-ray Burst Catalog (Frontera+, 2009)J/ApJ/693/1484 : Early optical afterglow catalog (Cenko+, 2009)J/ApJ/701/824 : Afterglows of short & long-duration GRBs (Nysewander+, 2009)J/PAZh/37/651 : INTEGRAL hard X-ray bursts in 2003-2009 (Chelovekov+, 2011)J/ApJ/749/21 : AGNs detected by 60 month Swift/BAT survey (Ajello+, 2012)J/A+A/553/A33 : AGILE Mini-Calorimeter gamma-ray burst catalog (Galli+, 2013J/A+A/557/A12 : Optical light curves of gamma-ray bursts (Zaninoni+, 2013)J/A+A/581/A125 : UV/Optical/NIR spectroscopy GRB hosts (Kruehler+, 2015)J/ApJ/774/157 : Swift GRBs with X-ray afterglows and z<9.5 (Dainotti+, 2013)J/ApJS/209/20 : Swift GRB catalog with X-ray data (Grupe+, 2013)J/ApJS/224/20 : 10yr of Swift/XRT obs. of GRBs (Yi+, 2016)J/MNRAS/428/729 : GRB Swift X-ray light curves analysis (Margutti+, 2013)J/ApJ/788/30 : Gamma-ray burst flares: X-ray flaring (Swenson+, 2014)J/ApJ/826/45 : GRB X-ray afterglows light curves analysis (Racusin+, 2016)J/ApJS/218/11 : 5 year Fermi/GBM magnetar burst catalog (Collazzi+, 2015)J/MNRAS/449/L6 : Gamma-ray burst Eiso/Lopt (Coward+, 2015)J/MNRAS/464/4545 : Gamma Ray Bursts detected by Swift 2004-2015 (Buchner+ 2017)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/606/A130https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/606/A130http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/606/A130https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/606/A130https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/606/A130http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/606/A130GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/606/A130/table1 (2288 bursts detected with RXTE-PCA from 60 sources (a) and of the selection of 1254 bursts employed in the current study (b))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/606/A130/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/606/A130/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/606/A130/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true78.5274583-40.04361110.0055555555555555566/12405 13875 23652 28690 28701 28705 28707 28751 28808 28817 28825 28827-28828 28830 28835 28849 28853 28860 28862 28880 28896 28899 28905 28916 28921 28950 28971 29100-29101 29185 29192 29195 29267 29463 29870 29923 30299 30439 34242 37475 37732 39247 41530 41697 41802 42140 42159 42315 42370 42384 42387 42450 42841 47866 49023https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/606/A130?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/606/A130/table12288 bursts detected with RXTE-PCA from 60 sources (a) and of the selection of 1254 bursts employed in the current study (b)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharNaNumber of bursts detected by RXTE-PCAmeta.numberintNbNumber of bursts employed in the current studymeta.numberintComCommentsmeta.notecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/606/A130/tablec1List of all 1254 bursts included in our analysisrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharMINBAR? MINBAR identification number (-1 if not yet established)meta.idintnullableMJDTime of burst start in MJD-UTCdtime.epochdoubleFlag[0/2] Analysis flag (1)meta.code.errorcharalpha2Best fit alpha2 value and uncertaintyspect.indexfloate_alpha2rms uncertainty on alpha2stat.errorfloatchi2rReduced chi-squared for fit with power-law modelstat.fit.chi2floatalpha3Best fit alpha3 value and uncertaintyspect.indexfloate_alpha3rms uncertainty on alpha3stat.errorfloatf? Fluence fraction f contained in Gaussian componentphot.fluence;arith.ratiodoublenullablee_f? rms uncertainty on fstat.errordoublenullableSGaussian widthsstat.fit.paramdoublee_Srms uncertainty on Ssstat.errordoublechi2rG? Reduced chi-squared for fit with power-law plus Gaussian modelstat.fit.chi2floatnullableTimeSCorr? Manual correction to burst start time (s), if applicablestime.epochintnullableTimeS? Start time of data included in model fit, in s since burst start time, if different from 55% criterionstime.epochintnullableTimeE? End time of data included in model fit, in s since burst time, if different from 300sstime.epochintnullable