J/A+A/586/A81ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/586/A81doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35860081CDSHaberl F.Sturm R.2018-02-06T09:30:55Z2016-01-28T08:47:05ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmagellanic-cloudsx-ray-binary-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryThe last comprehensive catalogue of high-mass X-ray binaries in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) was published about ten years ago. Since then new such systems were discovered, mainly by X-ray observations with Chandra and XMM-Newton. For the majority of the proposed HMXBs in the SMC no X-ray pulsations were discovered as yet, and unless other properties of the X-ray source and/or the optical counterpart confirm their HMXB nature, they remain only candidate HMXBs. From a literature search we collected a catalogue of 148 confirmed and candidate HMXBs in the SMC and investigated their properties to shed light on their real nature. Based on the sample of well-established HMXBs (the pulsars), we investigated which observed properties are most appropriate for a reliable classification. We defined different levels of confidence for a genuine HMXB based on spectral and temporal characteristics of the X-ray sources and colour-magnitude diagrams from the optical to the infrared of their likely counterparts. We also took the uncertainty in the X-ray position into account. We identify 27 objects that probably are misidentified because they lack an infrared excess of the proposed counterpart. They were mainly X-ray sources with a large positional uncertainty. This is supported by additional information obtained from more recent observations. Our catalogue comprises 121 relatively high-confidence HMXBs (the vast majority with Be companion stars). About half of the objects show X-ray pulsations, while for the rest no pulsations are known as yet. A comparison of the two subsamples suggests that long pulse periods in excess of a few 100s are expected for the "non-pulsars", which are most likely undetected because of aperiodic variability on similar timescales and insufficiently long X-ray observations. The highest X-ray variability together with the lowest observed minimum fluxes for short-period pulsars indicate that in addition to the eccentricity of the orbit, its inclination against the plane of the Be star circum-stellar disc plays a major role in determining the outburst behaviour. The large population of HMXBs in the SMC, in particular Be X-ray binaries, provides the largest homogeneous sample of such systems for statistical population studies.2016A&A...586A..81Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/586/A81CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/586/A81https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/586/A81http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/586/A81https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/586/A81https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/586/A81http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/586/A81GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/586/A81/table5 (Catalogue of 148 High-Mass-X-ray Binaries and candidates in the Small Magellanic Cloud)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/586/A81/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/586/A81/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/586/A81/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true19.271667-73.4433330.0055555555555555566/32927 32951 32955 32957 32959 32967 33293-33295 33297-33299 33304 33306 33316-33317 33319 333281.1166583743361574e-19 6.118840631666147e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/586/A81?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/586/A81/table5Catalogue of 148 High-Mass-X-ray Binaries and candidates in the Small Magellanic CloudSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeqSource numbermeta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000X-ray, Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000X-ray, Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.maine_PosUncertainty of X-ray positionarcsecstat.errorfloatXobsOrigin of the X-ray coordinate (1)meta.bibchardbibReference (bibcode) for source discoverymeta.ref;pos.framecharMA93? Emission-line star (2)meta.idintnullableps[ps: ] X-ray modulation indicates NS spin periodmeta.codecharpx[px: ] Long-term X-ray period suggests orbital periodmeta.codecharpo[po: ] Period in optical suggests orbital periodmeta.codecharxv[xv ] Variability in X-rays larger than a factor 30meta.codecharxs[xs: ] Typical X-ray spectrum (3)meta.codecharoi[oi: ] Optical id with high confidencemeta.codecharem[em: nem] Optical/near-IR spectral information (4)meta.codecharos[oxs: ] Orbital information (5)meta.codecharconf[1/6] Confidence class, values 1-6meta.codeintRAO? Optical, Right ascension (J2000) (6)pos.eq.ranullableDEO? Optical, Declination (J2000)pos.eq.decnullableUmag? U magnitude from MCPS (7)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag? rms uncertainty on Umagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullableBmag? B magnitude from MCPS (7)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? rms uncertainty on Bmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag? V magnitude from MCPS (7)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? rms uncertainty on Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableImag? I magnitude from MCPS (7)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag? rms uncertainty on Imagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableU-B? U-B colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.U;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_U-B? rms uncertainty on U-Bmagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.UfloatnullableB-V? B-V colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_B-V? rms uncertainty on B-Vmagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.BfloatnullableV-I? V-I colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.V;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_V-I? rms uncertainty on V-Imagstat.error;phot.color;em.opt.VfloatnullableQ? Reddening-free Q-value (8)magphot.color.reddFreefloatnullablee_Q? rms uncertainty on Qmagstat.errorfloatnullable2MASS2MASS name (9)meta.idcharJmag? J magnitude from 2MASS (10)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag? rms uncertainty on Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag? H magnitude from 2MASS (10)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag? rms uncertainty on Hmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag? K magnitude from 2MASS (10)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag? rms uncertainty on Kmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableJ-H? 2MASS J-H colour indexmagphot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_J-H? rms uncertainty on J-Hmagstat.error;phot.color;em.IR.JfloatnullableH-K? 2MASS H-K colour indexmagphot.color;em.IR.H;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_H-K? rms uncertainty on H-Kmagstat.error;phot.color;em.IR.HfloatnullableF3.6? Spitzer IRAC flux at 3.6 micrometer (11)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_F3.6? Error flux at 3.6 micrometermagstat.errorfloatnullableF4.5? Spitzer IRAC flux at 4.5 micrometer (11)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_F4.5? Error flux at 4.5 micrometermagstat.errorfloatnullableF5.8? Spitzer IRAC flux at 5.8 micrometer (11)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_F5.8? Error flux at 5.8 micrometermagstat.errorfloatnullableF8.0? Spitzer IRAC flux at 8.0 micrometer (11)magphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_F8.0? Error flux at 8.0 micrometermagstat.errorfloatnullabledXO? Angular distance, X-ray to optical positionarcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullabledOIR? Angular distance, optical to near-IR positionarcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullablePspin? Neutron star spin period, inferred from X-rayssmeta.iddoublenullablePorb? Orbital period (see flags for origin)dtime.periodfloatnullableFmax? Maximum observed X-ray flux (12)mW.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-ray;stat.maxdoublenullableFmin? Minimum observed X-ray flux (12)mW.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-raydoublenullablel_Fmin[-1/1] Flag for minimum flux, 1 for upper limit (13)meta.code.errorintr_FmaxReferences for maximum X-ray fluxmeta.ref;pos.framecharr_FminReferences for minimum X-ray fluxmeta.ref;pos.framecharVar? X-ray variability factor (14)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullableHa1? Equivalent width of the Halpha line (15)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableHa2? Maximum equivalent width of the Halpha line0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullabler_HaReferences for the Halpha measurementsmeta.ref;pos.framecharComComments with key references (bibcode)meta.bib.bibcodechar