J/A+A/579/A91ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/579/A91doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35790091CDSWienen M.Wyrowski F.Menten K.M.Urquhart J.S.Csengeri T.,Walmsley C.M.Bontemps S.Russeil D.Bronfman L.Koribalski B.S.,Schuller F.2017-10-05T08:06:36Z2016-02-09T13:24:13ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveysmilky-way-galaxystellar-associationsstellar-distancegalaxy-kinematicsThe formation of high mass stars and clusters occurs in giant molecular clouds. Objects in evolved stages of massive star formation such as protostars, hot molecular cores, and ultracompact HII regions have been studied in more detail than earlier, colder objects. Further progress thus requires the analysis of the time before massive protostellar objects can be probed by their infrared emission. With this in mind, the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the whole inner Galactic plane at 870{mu}m (ATLASGAL) has been carried out to provide a global view of cold dust and star formation at submillimetre wavelengths. We derive kinematic distances to a large sample of massive cold dust clumps from their measured line velocities. We estimate masses and sizes of ATLASGAL sources, for which the kinematic distance ambiguity is resolved. The ATLASGAL sample is divided into groups of sources, which are located close together, mostly within a radius of 2pc, and have velocities in a similar range with a median velocity dispersion of ~1km/s. We use NH_3_, N_2_H^+^, and CS velocities to calculate near and far kinematic distances to those groups. We obtain 296 groups of ATLASGAL sources in the first quadrant and 393 groups in the fourth quadrant, which are coherent in space and velocity. We analyse HI self-absorption and HI absorption to resolve the kinematic distance ambiguity to 689 complexes of submm clumps. They are associated with ^12^CO emission probing large-scale structure and ^13^CO (1-0) line as well as the 870{mu}m dust continuum on a smaller scale. We obtain a scale height of ~28+/-2pc and displacement below the Galactic midplane of ~-7+/-1pc. Within distances from 2 to 18kpc ATLASGAL clumps have a broad range of gas masses with a median of 1050M_{sun}_ as well as a wide distribution of radii with a median of 0.4pc. Their distribution in galactocentric radii is correlated with spiral arms. Using a statistically significant ATLASGAL sample we derive a power-law exponent of -2.2+/-0.1 of the clump mass function. This is consistent with the slope derived for clusters and with that of the stellar initial mass function. Examining the power-law index for different galactocentric distances and various source samples shows that it is independent of environment and evolutionary phase. Fitting the mass-size relationship by a power law gives a slope of 1.76+/-0.01 for cold sources such as IRDCs and warm clumps associated with HII regions.2015A&A...579A..91Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/579/A91CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+A/544/A146 : ATLASGAL cold high-mass clumps with NH_3_ (Wienen+, 2012)J/A+A/549/A45 : ATLASGAL Compact Source Catalog: 330<l<21 (Contreras+, 2013)J/A+A/568/A41 : ATLASGAL Compact Source Catalog: 280<l<60 (Urquhart+, 2014)J/A+A/570/A65 : ATLASGAL massive clumps CO depletion (Giannetti+, 2014)J/MNRAS/443/1555 : ATLASGAL massive star forming clumps sample (Urquhart+ 2014)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/579/A91https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/579/A91http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/579/A91https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/579/A91https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/579/A91http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/579/A91GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/579/A91/table2 (Properties of complexes)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/579/A91/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/579/A91/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/579/A91/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true269.356224-24.3688270.0055555555555555565/3588 7229 7275 7377 7383 7564 7578-7579 7604-7605 7678-7679 10413 10415 10420 10444-10445 10453 10543 10553 10556 10598 10609 10624 6/12968 12970-12971 12974 14337 14341 14343 28807-28810 28812-28814 28824 28890 28901 28912-28913 28915 29090-29091 29094-29097 29112 29114-29116 29118-29119 29160 29162 29457 29460-29461 29463 29504-29505 29507 29522 29526 29528-29529 30218-30219 30222-30223 30240-30241 30244-30245 30247 30260 30262-30263 30268-30269 30330 30405 30592 30594-30595 30600-30601 30618-30619 30622-30623 30641 30644-30645 30688 30691-30692 30694-30695 30701 30707 30710 32085 41595 41597-41599 41657-41658 41671 41673 41675-41678 41684-41686 41688 41696-41697 41706 41758-41759 41763 41765-41770 41772-41773 41799 41801-41805 41807 41809 41811 41816-41817 41820 41824-41825 42155 42158-42159 42170-42171 42206-42207 42210-42211 42216 42228-42229 42376 42378-42379 42381-42383 42387-42388 42390-42391 42396-42398 42434-42435 42440-42442 42444-42446 42449-42451 42454 42456-42457 42460-42462 42484 42500-42502 42512 43013-43015 43021 43024 43026https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/579/A91?format=asciidefaultJ/A+A/579/A91/table2Properties of complexesNNumber of sources per complexmeta.numberintComplexComplex numbermeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGLONMean of Galactic longitude of sources in the complexdegpos.galactic.lonGLATMean of Galactic latitude of clumps in the complexdegpos.galactic.lat<Vel>Mean of velocities of sources in the complexkm/sphys.veloc;stat.meanfloatsigma? Velocity dispersion of clumps in the complexkm/sphys.veloc.dispersionfloatnullableSize? Size of the complexpcphys.size.diameterintnullable_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/579/A91/table3Kinematic distances, masses and radii of ATLASGAL sources with observed radial velocitiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintATLASGALATLASGAL name associated with the measurementmeta.id;meta.maincharSourceObservation namemeta.idcharVlsrLSR velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrfloatKDA[nft] Solution of the kinematic distance ambiguity (1)meta.codecharDist? Kinematic distance calculated from the LSR velocity of each sourcekpcpos.distancefloatnullableDistcplx? Distance of the complex computed from the mean of all source coordinates and velocities inside the complexkpcpos.distancefloatnullablee_Distcplx? Error in the distance of the complex (lower value)kpcstat.errorfloatnullableE_Distcplx? Error in the distance of the complex (upper value)kpcstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablelog(Mgas)? logarithm of the gas masslog(solMass)phys.massfloatnullableRad? Radiuspcphys.size.radiusfloatnullableComplexName of complex, where the source is locatedmeta.idcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar