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<ri:Resource created="2015-06-12T09:08:03Z" status="active" updated="2025-05-19T09:50:00Z" version="1.2" xmlns:cs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0" xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/ConeSearch.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VOResource.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VODataService.xsd" xsi:type="vs:CatalogService"><title>Isolated galaxies, pairs and triplets</title><shortName>J/A+A/578/A110</shortName><identifier>ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/578/A110</identifier><altIdentifier>doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35780110</altIdentifier><curation><publisher ivo-id="ivo://CDS">CDS</publisher><creator><name>Argudo-Fernandez M.</name></creator><creator><name>Verley S.</name></creator><creator><name>Bergond G.</name></creator><creator><name>Duarte Puertas S.,Ramos Carmona E.</name></creator><creator><name>Sabater J.</name></creator><creator><name>Fernandez Lorenzo M.</name></creator><creator><name>Espada D.</name></creator><creator><name>Sulentic J.,Ruiz J.E.</name></creator><creator><name>Leon S.</name></creator><date role="Updated">2017-10-13T15:40:49Z</date><date role="Created">2015-06-12T09:08:03Z</date><contact><name>CDS support team</name><address>CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France</address><email>cds-question@unistra.fr</email></contact></curation><content><subject>galaxies</subject><subject>catalogs</subject><description>The construction of catalogues of galaxies and the posterior study of galaxy properties in relation to their environment, have been hampered by the scarce redshift information. The new 3-dimensional (3D) surveys permit to distinguish small, faint, physically bound satellites from a background projected galaxy population, giving a more comprehensive 3D picture of the surroundings. We aim to provide representative samples of isolated galaxies, isolated pairs, and isolated triplets for testing galaxy evolution and secular processes in low density regions of the local Universe, as well as to characterise their local and large-scale environments. We use spectroscopic data from the tenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR10) to automatically and homogeneously compile catalogues of 3,702 isolated galaxies, 1,240 isolated pairs, and 315 isolated triplets in the local Universe (z&lt;=0.080). To quantify the effects of their local and large-scale environments, we compute the projected density and the tidal strength for the brightest galaxy in each sample. We find evidence of isolated pairs and isolated triplets physically bound at projected separation up to d&lt;=450kpc with radial velocity difference {Delta}v&lt;=160km/s, where the effect of the companion typically accounts for more than 98% of the total tidal strength affecting the central galaxy. For galaxies in the catalogues, we provide their positions, redshifts, and degrees of relation with their physical and large-scale environments. The catalogues are publicly available to the scientific community. For isolated galaxies, isolated pairs, and isolated triplets there is no difference in their degree of interaction with the large-scale structure (up to 5Mpc), which may suggest that they have a common origin in their formation and evolution. We find that most of them belong to the outer parts of filaments, walls, and clusters, and generally differ from the void population of galaxies.</description><source format="bibcode">2015A&amp;A...578A.110A</source><referenceURL>https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/578/A110</referenceURL><type>Catalog</type><contentLevel>Research</contentLevel><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/TAP">TAP VizieR generic service</relatedResource></relationship><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource>Conesearch service</relatedResource></relationship><relationship><relationshipType>related-to</relationshipType><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/129/2062">J/AJ/129/2062 : SDSS DR1 isolated galaxies (Allam+, 2005)</relatedResource><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/136/2115">J/AJ/136/2115 : SDSS/CIG galaxies classification (Hernandez-Toledo+, 2008)</relatedResource><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/RMxAA/47.361">J/other/RMxAA/47.361 : AGN activity in isolated SDSS galaxies (Coziol+, 2011)</relatedResource><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/560/A9">J/A+A/560/A9 : AMIGA. Revision of the isolation degree</relatedResource><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/564/A94">J/A+A/564/A94 : CIG sample 3-dimensional environment (Argudo-Fernandez+, 2014)</relatedResource></relationship></content><rights>https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html</rights><capability><interface xsi:type="vr:WebBrowser"><accessURL use="full">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/578/A110</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/578/A110</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/578/A110</mirrorURL></interface></capability><capability><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP"><accessURL use="base">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/578/A110</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, 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19456-19457 19647 19671 19676 19685 19691 19693 19696 19698 19731 19738-19739 19751 19754-19756 19761 19776 19840 19842 19983 19988-19990 19994 19996 20004-20005 20016-20017 21847 21855 21877 21886-21887 21964 21973 21976 21981 22005 22007 22010-22011 22353 22355-22357 22361 22366 22388-22389 22397 22717 22719 23049-23050 23052 23189 23194-23196 23207 23209 23211 23213 23218 25583 25590 25594-25595 25598 25839 25847 25849 25852-25853 25855 25909-25910 25918 25925-25926 25930-25931 25934-25935 25938-25939 25942-25945 25947 25949 25951-25953 25955-25956 25964 25967 25970-25971 25976 25979-25981 25989-25991 25993 25996-25997 26001 26003 26005-26006 26009 26013 26025 26029-26030 26032 26037 26039-26042 26046-26047 26051 26058-26059 26064-26065 26074 26076 26078 26081-26083 26086-26087 26098 26104 26107-26109 26111 26143 26159 26164-26165 26167-26168 26178 26181 26184 26190 26193-26196 26198 26201-26202 26205-26206 26208-26210 26215 26220 26230-26231 26233 26239 26243 26265 26268 26274-26276 26278 26282 26286 26288 26292-26293 26295 26298 26302 26304 26306 26311-26313 26316 26319-26320 26322 26324-26326 26331 26334 26340 26342-26343 26345-26346 26349 26351-26352 26354-26356 26358 26360 26362-26363 26366-26367 26369 26372 26376 26381 26395-26396 26407 26410 26413 26415 26427 26431-26434 26441-26443 26446-26447 26454-26456 26458-26459 26461 26463 26466-26467 26470-26471 26476-26477 26479 26482 26486 26492 26494-26495 26502 26506-26507 26510-26511 26513 26518 26520-26521 26523 26527 26530-26531 26537-26540 26543 26545 26547-26550 26555-26556 26558 26561-26565 26567 26569-26572 26575-26576 26578-26580 26583 26585-26588 26592 26594 26596 26598-26599 26606 26608-26609 26614 26619 26622 26953 26955 26976 26978 26980 26984 26986-26987 26990 26994-26995 26999 27007 27023 27025 27027 27029-27032 27034-27035 27046-27048 27052 27060 27063 27065-27066 27068 27070-27074 27076 27079 27084-27085 27088-27089 27092 27095 27097 27101 27109-27112 27117-27120 27122 27124-27125 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ivo-id="ivo://ivoa.net/std/moc">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/578/A110?format=ascii</footprint></coverage><tableset><schema><name>default</name><table><name>J/A+A/578/A110/table1</name><description>SDSS-based catalogue of 3702 isolated galaxies (SIG) in 3D and relation with the large-scale environment</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><ucd>meta.record</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>SIG</name><description>[1/3702] Isolated galaxy identification</description><ucd>meta.id;meta.main</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>RAJ2000</name><description>J2000.0 Right Ascension in degrees</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.ra;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>DEJ2000</name><description>J2000.0 Declination in degrees</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.dec;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>z</name><description>[0.005/0.08] Redshift of the galaxy</description><ucd>src.redshift</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType></column><column><name>NLSS</name><description>[0/249] Number of LSS associations</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>f_NLSS</name><description>[0/1] Footprint flag: '1' if the galaxy has a 5Mpc field radius in the SDSS footprint</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>dNN</name><description>[1/5]? Distance to the first nearest neighbour from 1Mpc to 5Mpc</description><unit>Mpc</unit><ucd>pos.distance</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>kLSS</name><description>[-3/0]? Projected density estimation of the LSS</description><unit>log(Mpc**-3)</unit><ucd>src.density</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>QQLSS</name><description>[-9.1/-2]? Tidal strength estimation of the LSS</description><ucd>src.morph.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>Sloan</name><description>Display the SDSS data for this galaxy</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="*">char</dataType></column><column><name>SimbadName</name><description>Simbad column added by the CDS</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="24*">char</dataType></column></table><table><name>J/A+A/578/A110/table2</name><description>SDSS-based catalogue of 1240 isolated pairs (SIP) in 3D</description><column><name>SimbadName</name><description>Simbad column added by the CDS</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="24*">char</dataType></column><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><ucd>meta.record</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>SIP</name><description>[1/1240] Isolated pair identification</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>m_SIP</name><description>[1/2] Index of the galaxy in the pair: '1' for the A galaxy, '2' for the B galaxy</description><ucd>meta.code.multip</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>RAJ2000</name><description>J2000.0 Right Ascension in degrees</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.ra;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>DEJ2000</name><description>J2000.0 Declination in degrees</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.dec;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>z</name><description>[0.005/0.08] Redshift of the galaxy</description><ucd>src.redshift</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType></column><column><name>Sloan</name><description>Display the SDSS data for this galaxy</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="*">char</dataType></column></table><table><name>J/A+A/578/A110/table3</name><description>SDSS-based catalogue of 315 isolated triplets (SIT) in 3D</description><column><name>SimbadName</name><description>Simbad column added by the CDS</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="24*">char</dataType></column><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><ucd>meta.record</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>SIT</name><description>[1/315] Isolated triplet identification</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>m_SIT</name><description>[1/3] Index of the galaxy in the pair: '1' for the A galaxy, '2' for the B galaxy, '3' for the C galaxy</description><ucd>meta.code.multip</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>RAJ2000</name><description>J2000.0 Right Ascension in degrees</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.ra;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>DEJ2000</name><description>J2000.0 Declination in degrees</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.dec;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>z</name><description>[0.005/0.08] Redshift of the galaxy</description><ucd>src.redshift</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType></column><column><name>Sloan</name><description>Display the SDSS data for this galaxy</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="*">char</dataType></column></table><table><name>J/A+A/578/A110/table5</name><description>Isolated pairs: relation with their local and large-scale environments</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><ucd>meta.record</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>SIP</name><description>[1/1240] Isolated pair identification</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType><flag>primary</flag></column><column><name>NLSS</name><description>[0/199] Number of LSS associations</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>f_NLSS</name><description>[0/1] Footprint flag: '1' if the A galaxy has a 5Mpc field radius in the SDSS footprint</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>dNN</name><description>[1/5]? Distance from the A galaxy to the first nearest neighbour of the LSS (from 1Mpc to 5Mpc)</description><unit>Mpc</unit><ucd>pos.distance</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>kLSS</name><description>[-2.7/-0.1]? Projected density estimation of the LSS</description><unit>log(Mpc**-3)</unit><ucd>src.density</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>QQLSS</name><description>[-9.2/-2]? Tidal strength estimation of the LSS</description><ucd>src.morph.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>Qp</name><description>[-6/3.1] Tidal strength estimation on the A galaxy exerced by the B galaxy</description><ucd>src.morph.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>Qratio</name><description>[0.1/1]? Relation between Qpair and the total tidal strengths on the A galaxy (Qtotal), from 0 to 1 if the isolated system amounts from 0% to 100% to the total tidal strength</description><ucd>stat.fit.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column></table><table><name>J/A+A/578/A110/table6</name><description>Isolated triplets: relation with their local and large-scale environments</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><ucd>meta.record</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>SIT</name><description>[1/315] Isolated triplet identification</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType><flag>primary</flag></column><column><name>NLSS</name><description>[1/115] Number of LSS associations</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>f_NLSS</name><description>[0/1] Footprint flag: '1' if the A galaxy has a 5Mpc field radius in the SDSS footprint</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>dNN</name><description>[1/5] Distance from the A galaxy to the first nearest neighbour of the LSS (from 1 to 5Mpc)</description><unit>Mpc</unit><ucd>pos.distance</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>kLSS</name><description>[-2.7/-0.2]? Projected density estimation of the LSS</description><unit>log(Mpc**-3)</unit><ucd>src.density</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>QQLSS</name><description>[-7.4/-3.1] Tidal strength estimation of the LSS</description><ucd>src.morph.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>Qt</name><description>[-5/2.1] Tidal strength estimation on the A galaxy exerced by the B and C galaxies</description><ucd>src.morph.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>Qratio</name><description>[0.7/1] Relation between Qtriplet and the total tidal strengths on the A galaxy (Qtotal), from 0 to 1 if the isolated system amounts from 0% to 100% to the total tidal strength</description><ucd>stat.fit.param</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column></table></schema></tableset></ri:Resource>