J/A+A/548/A122ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/548/A122doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35480122CDSBragaglia A.Gratton R.G.Carretta E.D'Orazi V.Sneden C.,Lucatello S.2017-10-18T08:24:57Z2013-03-22T13:26:01ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersphotometrychemical-abundancesThe most massive star clusters include several generations of stars with a different chemical composition (mainly revealed by an Na-O anti-correlation) while low-mass star clusters appear to be chemically homogeneous. We are investigating the chemical composition of several clusters with masses of a few 10^4^M_{sun}_ to establish the lower mass limit for the multiple stellar population phenomenon. Using VLT/FLAMES spectra we determine abundances of Fe, O, Na, and several other elements ({alpha} Fe-peak, and neutron-capture elements) in the old open cluster Berkeley 39. This is a massive open cluster: M~10^4^M_{sun}_, approximately at the border between small globular clusters and large open clusters. Our sample size of about 30 stars is one of the largest to be studied for abundances in any open cluster, and could be useful to determine improved cluster parameters, like age, distance, and reddening, when coupled with precise, well-calibrated photometry. We find that Berkeley 39 is slightly metal- poor, <[Fe/H]>~=-0.20, in agreement with previous studies of this cluster. More importantly, we do not detect any star-to-star variation in the abundances of Fe, O, and Na, within quite stringent upper limits. The r.m.s. scatter is of 0.04, 0.10, and 0.05dex for Fe, O, and Na, respectively. Such a small spread can be entirely explained by the noise in the spectra and by uncertainties in the atmospheric parameters. We conclude that Berkeley 39 is a single-population cluster.2012A&A...548A.122Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/548/A122CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/548/A122https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/548/A122http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/548/A122https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/548/A122https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/548/A122http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/548/A122GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/548/A122/table2 (Information on the observed stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/548/A122/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/548/A122/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/548/A122/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true116.71870833-4.687391670.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/548/A122/table3 (studied stars: stellar parameters, number of lines, Fe, Na, and O abundances and errors)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/548/A122/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/548/A122/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/548/A122/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true116.7187083-4.68739170.0055555555555555566/21717-217193.322582951404819e-19 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/548/A122?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/548/A122/table2Information on the observed starsS/N? Signal-to-noise ratiostat.snrintnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleSample (G1)src.samplecharASimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharIDIdentification number (G2)meta.id;meta.mainintprimaryWEBDAWEBDA identification numbermeta.idintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmagV magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatB-VB-V colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatV-IV-I colour indexmagphot.color;em.opt.V;em.opt.IfloatRV? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullableNotesNotes (2)meta.notecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refcharJ/A+A/548/A122/table3studied stars: stellar parameters, number of lines, Fe, Na, and O abundances and errorsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSampleSample (G1)src.samplecharIDIdentification number (G2)meta.id;meta.mainintTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatvtMicroturbulent velocitykm/sphys.velocfloato_[Fe/H]INumber of lines for [Fe/H]Imeta.numberint[Fe/H]IAbundance [Fe/H]Ilog(Sun)phys.abund.Fefloate_[Fe/H]Irms uncertainty on [Fe/H]Ilog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloato_[Fe/H]IINumber of lines for [Fe/H]IImeta.numberint[Fe/H]IIAbundance [Fe/H]IIlog(Sun)phys.abund.Fefloate_[Fe/H]IIrms uncertainty on [Fe/H]IIlog(Sun)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloat[O/Fe]Abundance [O/Fe]log(Sun)phys.abundfloate_[O/Fe]? rms uncertainty on [O/Fe]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Na/Fe]Number of lines for [Na/Fe]meta.numberint[Na/Fe]Abundance [Na/Fe]log(Sun)phys.abundfloate_[Na/Fe]rms uncertainty on [Na/Fe]log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatEWDisplay the equivalent widthsmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainInstInstrument used for observation (uves or giraffe)instr.setupcharJ/A+A/548/A122/uvesEquivalence widths for 7 starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIonElement and ionisation of linephys.atmol.ionStagecharlambdaWavelength of line ({AA})0.1nmem.wl;spect.linefloatEPExcitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatloggfOscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatW1256Equivalent width of line in star 12560.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1407Equivalent width of line in star 14070.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1657Equivalent width of line in star 16570.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2130Equivalent width of line in star 21300.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2144Equivalent width of line in star 21440.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2262Equivalent width of line in star 22620.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2376Equivalent width of line in star 23760.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatJ/A+A/548/A122/giraffeEquivalence widths for 22 starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIonElement and ionisation of linephys.atmol.ionStagecharlambdaWavelength of line ({AA})0.1nmem.wl;spect.linefloatEPExcitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatloggfOscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatW11Equivalent width of line in star 110.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW281Equivalent width of line in star 2810.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW537Equivalent width of line in star 5370.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW591Equivalent width of line in star 5910.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW618Equivalent width of line in star 6180.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW773Equivalent width of line in star 7730.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW802Equivalent width of line in star 8020.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW892Equivalent width of line in star 8920.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW984Equivalent width of line in star 9840.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1057Equivalent width of line in star 10570.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1068Equivalent width of line in star 10680.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1125Equivalent width of line in star 11250.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1139Equivalent width of line in star 11390.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1310Equivalent width of line in star 13100.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1363Equivalent width of line in star 13630.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1374Equivalent width of line in star 13740.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1411Equivalent width of line in star 14110.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1447Equivalent width of line in star 14470.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW1547Equivalent width of line in star 15470.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2088Equivalent width of line in star 20880.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2089Equivalent width of line in star 20890.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloatW2284Equivalent width of line in star 22840.1pmspect.line.eqWidthfloat