J/A+A/547/A65ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/547/A65doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35470065CDSBruens R.C.Kroupa P.2017-12-06T07:38:41Z2012-10-30T07:20:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiescatalogsglobular-star-clustersstellar-associationsIn the last decade, very extended old stellar clusters with masses in the range from a few 10^4^ to 10^8^M_{sun}_ and effective radii larger than 10pc have been found in various types of galaxies in different environments. Objects with masses comparable to normal globular clusters (GCs) are called extended clusters (ECs), while objects with masses in the dwarf galaxy regime are called ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs). The paper analyses the observational parameters total luminosity, M_V_, effective radius, r_eff_, and projected distance to the host galaxy, R_proj_, of all known ECs and UCDs and the dependence of these parameters on the type and the total luminosity of their host galaxy. We searched the available literature to compile a catalog of star clusters with effective radii larger than 10pc. As there is no clear distinction between ECs and UCDs, both types of objects will be called extended stellar objects - abbreviated "EOs" - in this paper. In total, we found 813 EOs of which 171 are associated with late-type galaxies and 642 EOs associated with early-type galaxies. EOs cover a luminosity range from about M_V_=-4 to -14mag. However, the vast majority of EOs brighter than M_V_=-10mag are associated with giant elliptical galaxies. At each magnitude extended objects are found with effective radii between 10pc and an upper size limit, which shows a clear trend: the more luminous the object the larger is the upper size limit. For EOs associated with early-and late-type galaxies, the EO luminosity functions peak at -6.40mag and -6.47mag, respectively, which is about one magnitude fainter than the peak of the GC luminosity function. EOs and GCs form a coherent structure in the r_eff_ vs. M_V_ parameter space, while there is a clear gap between EOs and early type dwarf galaxies. However, there is a small potential overlap at the high-mass end, where the most extended EOs are close to the parameters of some compact elliptical galaxies. We compare the EO sample with the numerical models of a previous paper and conclude that the parameters of the EO sample as a whole can be very well explained by a star cluster origin, where EOs are the results of merged star clusters of cluster complexes (CCs).2012A&A...547A..65Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/547/A65CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/195 : Globular Clusters in the Milky Way (Harris, 1996)J/MNRAS/327/1116 : VI photometry of Sombrero globular clusters (Larsen+, 2001)J/A+A/442/85 : Globular cluster cand. in low SB galaxies (Sharina+, 2005)J/A+A/455/453 : Globular Cluster System of NGC5846 (Chies-Santos+, 2006)J/ApJ/671/1624 : NGC 1533 globular cluster candidates (Degraaff+, 2007)J/A+A/472/111 : Centaurus Compact Object Survey (Mieske+, 2007)J/A+A/467/1003 : Photometry of star clusters in NGC 1380 (Chies-Santos+ 2007)J/AJ/135/1567 : Bright star clusters in M51 (Hwang+, 2008)J/AJ/136/2295 : Ultra-compact dwarf cand. in Abell S0740 (Blakeslee+, 2008)J/MNRAS/392/879 : Globular clusters in nearby dwarf galaxies (Georgiev+, 2009)J/MNRAS/392/L55 : Globular clusters in M31 from K-band phot. (Peacock+, 2009)J/A+A/503/87 : BVI phot. of NGC3370 star cluster cand. (Cantiello+, 2009)J/A+A/525/A19 : Photometry of globulars in early gal. (Chies-Santos+, 2011)J/A+A/531/A4 : Ultra compact dwarfs and globulars in Hya I (Misgeld+, 2011)J/MNRAS/420/37 : NGC 4365 globular clusters (Blom+, 2012)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/547/A65https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/547/A65http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/547/A65https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/547/A65https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/547/A65http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/547/A65GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/547/A65/galaxies (Galaxy positions)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/547/A65/galaxies?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/547/A65/galaxies?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/547/A65/galaxies?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000trueCone search capability for table J/A+A/547/A65/table1 (Parameters of 813 extended stellar objects)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/547/A65/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/547/A65/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/547/A65/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true114.535458338.88191670.0055555555555555566/1701 2130 2154-2155 2374 2409 2589 2591 2613 2619 2621-2623 2664 2681 2692 2701 2708-2710 2752 2755-2756 3483 4650 6389 7582 7606 8196 10265 10321 10379 10793 10911 11026-11027 11227 16682 16701 17745 22427 22495 24632 24733 25083 26157 26803 27237 27718-27719 27765 27767 27773 27906-27907 27912-27913 27936 27986 28045 28299 28495 28577 29626 29715 29717-29718 31128 31398 31723 32790 33096 33271 33656 33922 34317 34492-34493 34532 34534-34535 34540 35969-35970 36252 36621 37550 38852-38853 38954 43245 43262-43263 43427 43450 43626 43881 47903 47935 48035https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/547/A65?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/A+A/547/A65/galaxiesGalaxy positionsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000? Simbad Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullableDEJ2000? Simbad Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableSNameSimbad name of the galaxymeta.idcharNameGalaxy name, as in table1meta.id;meta.maincharJ/A+A/547/A65/table1Parameters of 813 extended stellar objectsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeqRunning number of extended stellar object (EO)meta.numberintNameName of extended stellar objectmeta.idcharONameAlternative name or designation of extended stellar objectmeta.idcharreffEffective Radius of extended stellar objectpcphys.size.radiusfloatVMAGAbsolute V-band magnitude of extended stellar objectmagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatRproj? Projected distance from host galaxy (1)kpcpos.distancefloatnullableRefReference to the publication of the data, in refs.dat filemeta.bibcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idchar_RAPositions from Simbad and references given in refs.dat file (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPositions from Simbad and references given in refs.dat file (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/A+A/547/A65/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.noteintBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorcharComCommentsmeta.notechar