J/A+A/544/A9ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/544/A9doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35440009CDSVigan A.Patience J.Marois C.Bonavita M.De Rosa R. J.Macintosh B.,Song I.Doyon R.Zuckerman B.Lafreniere D.Barman T.2017-06-01T08:49:42Z2012-08-23T07:36:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fra-starssolar-system-planetsinfrared-photometryBreakthrough direct detections of planetary companions orbiting A-type stars confirm the existence of massive planets at relatively large separations, but dedicated surveys are required to estimate the frequency of similar planetary systems. To measure the first estimation of the giant exoplanetary systems frequency at large orbital separation around A-stars, we have conducted a deep-imaging survey of young (8-400Myr), nearby (19-84pc) A- and F-stars to search for substellar companions in the ~10-300AU range. The sample of 42 stars combines all A-stars observed in previous AO planet search surveys reported in the literature with new AO observations from VLT/NaCo and Gemini/NIRI. It represents an initial subset of the International Deep Planet Survey (IDPS) sample of stars covering M- to B-stars. The data were obtained with diffraction-limited observations in H- and Ks-band combined with angular differential imaging to suppress the speckle noise of the central stars, resulting in typical 5-sigma detection limits in magnitude difference of 12mag at 1", 14mag at 2" and 16mag at 5" which is sufficient to detect massive planets. A detailed statistical analysis of the survey results is performed using Monte Carlo simulations. Considering the planet detections, we estimate the fraction of A-stars having at least one massive planet (3-14M_Jup_) in the range 5-320AU to be inside 5.9-18.8% at 68% confidence, assuming a flat distribution for the mass of the planets. By comparison, the brown dwarf (15-75M_Jup_) frequency for the sample is 2.0-8.9% at 68% confidence in the range 5-320AU. Assuming power law distributions for the mass and semimajor axis of the planet population, the AO data are consistent with a declining number of massive planets with increasing orbital radius which is distinct from the rising slope inferred from radial velocity (RV) surveys around evolved A-stars and suggests that the peak of the massive planet population around A-stars may occur at separations between the ranges probed by existing RV and AO observations. Finally, we report the discovery of three new close M-star companions to HIP 104365 and HIP 42334.2012A&A...544A...9Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/544/A9CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/544/A9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/544/A9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/544/A9https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/544/A9https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/544/A9http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/544/A9GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/544/A9/sample (Target sample: properties and best 5-{sigma} detection limit)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/544/A9/sample?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/544/A9/sample?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/544/A9/sample?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true23.6575-15.6763610.0055555555555555566/1714 2317 7332 10695 10741 11085 17421 17887 18797 19598 20125 20658 21788 22849 22917 25077 25414 27735 27794 33547 34054 34680 34683 35149 36036 36130 38084 38223 38990 39640 39832 40124 40366 43676-43677 44499 45247 45374 45746 47205 48546 486518.650015785639275e-20 1.2918781580533825e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/544/A9?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/A+A/544/A9/sampleTarget sample: properties and best 5-{sigma} detection limitrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_HIPSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharHIPStar HIP numbermeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryHDStar HD numbermeta.idintHR? Star HR numbermeta.idintnullableRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000.0)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000.0)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainDistHeliocentric distancepcpos.distancefloatSpTStar spectral typesrc.spTypecharAgeEstimated ageMyrtime.ageintr_AgeEstimated age reference (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintMGName of the moving group or associationmeta.id.parentcharB-VHipparcos B-V color indexmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatVmagHipparcos V magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatHmag2MASS H magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatKsmag2MASS Ks magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatIRx[yes ] Detected infrared excessmeta.codecharr_IRx? Detected infrared excess reference (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableBinInfoBinarity informationmeta.code.multipcharNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharc0.50? 5-{sigma} contrast at 0.50" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec0.60? 5-{sigma} contrast at 0.60" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec0.75? 5-{sigma} contrast at 0.75" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec1.00? 5-{sigma} contrast at 1.00" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec2.005-{sigma} contrast at 2.00" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatc3.005-{sigma} contrast at 3.00" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatc4.00? 5-{sigma} contrast at 4.00" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec5.00? 5-{sigma} contrast at 5.00" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec7.50? 5-{sigma} contrast at 7.50" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullablec10.0? 5-{sigma} contrast at 10.00" (1)magstat.fit.paramfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refcharJ/A+A/544/A9/tablea1Properties of all detected candidate companions at the different epochsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName of the starmeta.id;meta.maincharCC[0/6] Identification number of the candidatemeta.idintDateObserving UT datetime.epochnullableEpochObserving epochyrtime.epochfloatInstrInstrument name (NIRI or NaCo)meta.id;instrcharFilt[K' Ks CH4s] Filter of the observationsmeta.notecharSepRelative separationarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloate_SepRMS uncertainty on separationarcsecstat.errorfloatPARelative position angledegpos.posAngfloate_PARMS uncertainty on position angledegstat.errorfloatDmagContrast difference in filtermagphot.mag;arith.difffloate_DmagRMS uncertainty on contrastmagstat.error;phot.mag;arith.difffloatpSepProjected physical separationAUpos.angDistancefloate_pSepRMS uncertainty on projected physical separationAUstat.errorfloatStatusIdentification status (1)meta.codecharHIPStar HIP numbermeta.idint