J/A+A/537/A135ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/537/A135doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.35370135CDSStelzer B.Preibisch T.Alexander F.Mucciarelli P.Flaccomio E.,Micela G.Sciortino S.2017-09-29T09:02:35Z2012-01-23T09:58:12ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clusterspre-main-sequence-starsyoung-stellar-objectsx-ray-sourcesIC348 is a nearby (~310pc), young (~2-3Myr) open cluster with >300 members identified from optical and infrared observations. We study the properties of the coronae of the young low-mass stars in IC348 combining X-ray and optical/infrared data. The four existing Chandra observations of IC348 are merged, thus providing a deeper and spatially more complete X-ray view than previous X-ray studies of the cluster. We have compiled a comprehensive catalog of IC348 members taking into account recent updates to the cluster census. Our data collection comprises fundamental stellar parameters, infrared excess indicating the presence of disks, Halpha emission as a tracer of chromospheric emission or accretion and mass accretion rates. We have detected 290 X-ray sources in four merged Chandra exposures, of which 187 are associated with known cluster members corresponding to a detection rate of ~60% for the cluster members of IC348 identified in optical/infrared studies. According to the most recent spectral classification of IC348 members only four of the X-ray sources are brown dwarfs (spectral type M6 and later). The detection rate is highest for diskless Class III stars and increases with stellar mass. This may be explained with higher X-ray luminosities for higher mass and later evolutionary stage that is evident in the X-ray luminosity functions. In particular, we find that for the lowest examined masses (0.1-0.25 Msun) there is a difference between the X-ray luminosity functions of accreting and non-accreting stars (classified on the basis of their Halpha emission strength) as well as those of disk-bearing and diskless stars (classified on the basis of the slope of the spectral energy distribution). These differences disappear for higher masses. This is related to our finding that the Lx/Lbol ratio is non-constant across the mass/luminosity sequence of IC348 with a decrease towards lower luminosity stars. Our analysis of an analogous stellar sample in the Orion Nebula Cluster suggests that the decline of Lx/Lbol for young stars at the low-mass end of the stellar sequence is likely universal.2012A&A...537A.135Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/537/A135CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-)J/AJ/131/1574 : Infrared photometry of IC348 members (Lada+, 2006)J/A+A/324/549 : Deep UVBRI photometry in IC 348 (Trullols+ 1997)J/ApJ/497/736 : The young cluster IC 348. (Herbig, 1998)J/ApJ/525/466 : Young low-mass stars & brown dwarfs in IC 348 (Luhman+, 1999)J/ApJ/541/977 : HST observations of low-mass stars in IC 348 (Najita+, 2000)J/A+A/409/147 : J magnitude of IC 348 brown dwarfs (Preibisch+, 2003)J/ApJ/593/1093 : IC 348 membership (Luhman+, 2003)J/ApJ/597/555 : IR photometry of IC 348 young brown dwarfs (Mainzer+, 2003)J/AJ/127/1602 : Cousins RI photometry in IC 348 (Cohen+, 2004)J/MNRAS/358/341 : Ic photometry of IC 348 (Littlefair+, 2005)J/ApJ/649/862 : IR phot. of IC 348 pre-main-sequence stars (Cieza+, 2006)J/AJ/134/411 : Properties of IC 348 members (Muench+, 2007)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/537/A135https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/537/A135http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/537/A135https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/537/A135https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/537/A135http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/537/A135GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/537/A135/table3 (X-ray fluxes and upper limits)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/537/A135/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/537/A135/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/537/A135/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true56.142447532.16281610.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/537/A135/table7 (Primary Chandra catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/537/A135/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/537/A135/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/537/A135/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true55.8073030632.012563060.0055555555555555566/1539https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/537/A135?format=asciiX-raydefaultJ/A+A/537/A135/table3X-ray fluxes and upper limitsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCXOUJChandra designation (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharLRLIdentifier, Cl* IC 348 LRL NNNNN in Simbad (1)meta.id;meta.mainintm_LRL[AB] Multiplicity index on LRL (1)meta.code.multipcharl_logFXLimit flag on logFXmeta.code.errorcharlogFXLog of X-ray fluxlog(mW.m**-2)phot.flux;em.X-rayfloatNote[f2 ] Note (2)meta.notecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/A+A/537/A135/table7Primary Chandra catalogrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_SeqSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharSeqX-ray catalog sequence numbermeta.id;meta.mainintCXOUJChandra designation, HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.smeta.id.crosscharprimaryRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimals degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination J2000 (in decimals degrees) (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainePosStandard deviation of position error (1)arcsecstat.error;posfloatthetaOff-axis anglearcmininstr.offsetfloatCTnetNet counts extracted in the total energy band (0.5-8.0keV)ctphot.count;em.X-rayfloate_CTnetOne sigma uncertainty on Ct,netctstat.errorfloatBTbackground counts expected in the source extraction region (total band)ctinstr.backgroundfloatCHnetNet counts extracted in the hard energy band (2.0-8.0keV)ctphot.count;em.X-rayfloatPSFfFraction of PSF enclosed in extraction region (at 1.497keV) (2)instr.det.psffloatSigniSource significancestat.fit.goodnessfloatl_logPblimit flag of logPbmeta.code.errorcharlogPbProbability that extracted counts (total band) are solely from background (3)stat.fit.goodnessfloatAnom[g] Source anomalies flag (4)meta.codecharVar[abc] Source variability flag (5)meta.code;src.varchartexpSource effective exposure timekstime.duration;obs.exposurefloatEmedBackground-corrected median photon energy in the total 0.5-8keV energy bandkeVem.energyfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refchar