J/A+A/267/515ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/267/515doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.32670515CDSOmont A.Loup C.Forveille T.te Lintel Hekkert P.,Habing H.Sivagnanam P.2017-10-02T19:28:11Z1999-02-26T14:44:05ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinfrared-sourcesradio-astronomycarbon-starsThe paper develops a method for identification of very cold C-rich circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) in IR regions colder than region VII (i.e., larger value of IRAS flux ratio S25/S12), by reviewing the different criteria and by identifying C-rich CSEs in a sample of 228 bright IRAS sources. By using the results of OH surveys and catalogs together with the results of additional HCN/CO millimeter observations performed on critical classes of objects, a C/O classification is proposed for 94 percent of the sources with a good probability. It is shown that the low-resolution spectra by themselves are a reasonable and easy way to identify C-rich late AGB CSEs. For post-AGB object with cold CSEs, HCN and OH observations or visible/near IR spectroscopy are necessary.1993A&A...267..515Ohttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/267/515CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/125 : IRAS catalogue of Point Sources, Version 2.0 (IPAC 1986)III/197 : IRAS Low Resolution Spectra (IRAS team, 1987)Table6 : Number and proportion of C- and O-rich sources in the differenthttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/267/515https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/267/515http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/267/515https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/267/515https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/267/515http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/A+A/267/515GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/A+A/267/515/table2 (Sources with CO(2-1) or HCN(1-0) emission)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/267/515/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/267/515/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/267/515/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true19.46519667.231150.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/A+A/267/515/table3 (Non-detected sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/267/515/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/267/515/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/267/515/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true16.18559579.4451950.0055555555555555566/1229 3262 3456 3735 4018 11597 13917 14248 14256 14323 14355 14385 14400 14427 14436 14450 14453 14736 15663 15699 15737 21931 22392 22425 23831 28807 28825 28831 28897 28918 29102 29116 29308 30127 30222 30256 30263 30297 30606 30682 30715 31231 48822https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/A+A/267/515?format=asciiInfraredRadiodefaultJ/A+A/267/515/masterMaster list of very cold C-rich sources, main sample (table A1) and additional sources (table A2)COCO detections (2)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_No[*] A "*" preceding the number indicates that the source was observed in the millimeter lines in the present studymeta.notecharNoClassification numbermeta.idcharprimaryMSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharIRASIRAS-PSC (Cat. II/125) namemeta.id;meta.maincharC2125/12{mu}m index, C21=log(12F_25_/25F_12_)phot.color;em.IR.8-15um;em.IR.15-30umfloatu_C21[)] uncertainty flag on C21meta.code.errorcharC3260/25{mu}m index, C32=log(25F_60_/12F_25_)meta.code;spect.indexfloatu_C32[)] uncertainty flag on C32meta.code.errorcharFIRAS? IRAS total flux expressed in solar luminosity at 1kpcsolLumphys.luminosity;em.IRdoublenullableVar.? variability index from the IRAS-PSC catalogue (Cat. II/125)meta.code;src.var.indexintnullableRegionRegion of the IRAS color-color diagram (G1)src.class.colorcharOH[-+.] OH maser detection (2)meta.notecharr_OHReferences for OH maser observations (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharLRSLRS spectral class (4)src.spTypecharu_LRS[?] uncertainty flag on LRSmeta.code.errorcharChem[COS] Proposed chemical type (C, O or S)src.spTypecharu_Chem[?] uncertainty flag on chemical typemeta.code.errorcharHCN[-+.*] HCN detections (2)meta.notecharH2O[-+.] H2O detections (+) or non-detections (-) from the catalogue of Comoretto et al. (1990A&AS...84..179C)meta.notecharRemRemarks (5)meta.notecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/A+A/267/515/table1SupergiantsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNoIdentification number in tablea1 and tablea2meta.id;meta.maincharNameUsual namemeta.idcharSpSpectral typesrc.spTypecharRegionRegion in the IRAS color-color diagram (G1)src.class.colorcharLRSLRS spectral classsrc.spTypecharFIRASIRAS total flux expressed in solar luminosity at 1kpcsolLumphys.luminosity;em.IRintn[+?] A + indicates the post-AGB nature of the starmeta.notecharJ/A+A/267/515/table2Sources with CO(2-1) or HCN(1-0) emissionrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNoIdentification number in tablea1 and tablea2meta.id;meta.maincharNameUsual namemeta.idcharRA1950? Right ascension 1950pos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullableDE1950? Declination 1950pos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableChem[COS] Chemical type (C, O or S)src.spTypecharn_Chem[*#] (1)meta.notecharu_Chem[?] uncertainty flag on chemical typemeta.code.errorcharRegionRegion in the IRAS color-color diagram (G1)src.class.colorcharTransObserved transitionsmeta.id;phys.atmol.transitioncharVlsr? Star Local Standard of Rest velocitykm/smeta.idintnullableVe? Expansion velocity as the half width at zero powerkm/sspect.line.widthfloatnullableTMB? Main-beam brightness temperature measured at the peak of the lineKphys.temperaturefloatnullablee_TMB? rms noise of T_MBKstat.errorfloatnullableI? Integrated areaK.km/sphys.areafloatnullableu_I[?] uncertainty flag on Imeta.code.errorcharl_CO2limit flag on ICO/IHCNmeta.code.errorcharCO2? Intensity ratio CO(2-1)/HCN(1-0)spect.line.intensity;arith.ratiofloatnullableS60/CO? Ratio 60{mu}m to CO(2-1) emissionsphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullableRemRemarks and references (3)meta.notechar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data)pos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data)pos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/267/515/table3Non-detected sourcesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNoIdentification number in tablea1 and tablea2meta.id;meta.maincharNameUsual namemeta.idcharRA1950? Right ascension 1950pos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullableDE1950? Declination 1950pos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableChem[COS] Chemical type (C, O or S)src.spTypecharn_Chem[*#] (1)meta.notecharu_Chem[?] uncertainty flag on chemical typemeta.code.errorcharRegionRegion in the IRAS color-color diagram (G1)src.class.colorcharTransObserved transitionsmeta.id;phys.atmol.transitioncharVlsr? Star Local Standard of Rest velocitykm/smeta.idintnullableVe? Expansion velocity as the half width at zero powerkm/sspect.line.widthfloatnullableTMB? Main-beam brightness temperature measured at the peak of the lineKphys.temperaturefloatnullablee_TMB? rms noise of T_MBKstat.errorfloatnullableI? Integrated areaK.km/sphys.areafloatnullableu_I[?] uncertainty flag on Imeta.code.errorcharl_CO2limit flag on ICO/IHCNmeta.code.errorcharCO2? Intensity ratio CO(2-1)/HCN(1-0)spect.line.intensity;arith.ratiofloatnullableS60/CO? Ratio 60{mu}m to CO(2-1) emissionsphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullableRemRemarks and references (3)meta.notechar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data)pos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data)pos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/A+A/267/515/table4CO/HCN line ratiosrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNoIdentification number in tablea1 & tablea2meta.id;meta.maincharNameUsual namemeta.idcharRegionRegion in the IRAS color-color diagram (G1)src.class.colorcharLRSLRS spectral classsrc.spTypecharChem[COS] Chemical typesrc.spTypecharu_Chem[?] uncertainty flag on chemical typemeta.code.errorcharl_CO1[~] limit flag on CO(1-0)/HCNmeta.code.errorcharCO1? CO(1-0)/HCN line ratiometa.notefloatnullableCO2? CO(2-1)/HCN line ratiometa.notefloatnullableRefReferences (2)meta.refcharComCommentsmeta.notecharJ/A+A/267/515/table5Estimates of mass-loss ratesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNoIdentification number in tablea1 & tablea2meta.id;meta.maincharNameUsual namemeta.idcharRegionRegion in the IRAS color-color diagram (G1)src.class.colorcharLRSLRS spectral classsrc.spTypecharChem[COS] Chemical typesrc.spTypecharu_Chem[?] uncertainty flag on chemical typemeta.code.errorcharBCBolometric correction F_tot_/F(IRAS)phot.mag.bcfloatr_BCreferences for Ftot (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharDDistancekpcpos.distancefloatn_Dnote for D (3)meta.notechardM1/dt? mass-loss rate from CO(1-0) (4)1e-05solMass.yr**-1phys.mass.lossfloatnullabler_dM1/dtreferences for J=1-0 CO observationsmeta.ref;pos.framechardM2/dt? mass-loss rate from CO(2-1) (4)1e-05solMass.yr**-1phys.mass.lossfloatnullablef_dM2/dt[pq] problematic dMCO(2-1)/dt (3)meta.codechardMIR/dt? mass-loss rates deduced from infrared observations following Jura & Kleinmann (1989ApJ...341..359J)meta.notefloatnullable